1 Samuel

1 Samuel 13:20–21

²⁰Instead, all the Israelites would go down to the Philistines to sharpen their plowshares, mattocks, axes, and sickles.^e ²¹The charge was a pim^f for sharpening a plowshare or mattock, a third of a shekel for sharpening a pitchfork or an axe, and a third of a shekel for repointing an oxgoad.^g

Footnotes

e 13:20 LXX; Hebrew and plowshares; (so plowshare appears twice in the Hebrew).
f 13:21 A pim possibly refers to a polished stone weighing approximately 0.25 ounces or 7 grams found in excavations. This is equivalent to about two-thirds of a shekel and likely refers to the price charged by the Philistines for the services listed.
g 13:21 Hebrew does not include the currency unit of a shekel charged for sharpening a pitchfork, an axe, or an oxgoad; alternatively, possibly a third of a pim for each.

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Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

1 Samuel 13:20

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Instead	כָל־	ḵāl	Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
all	כָל־	ḵāl	Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
the Israelites	יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	yiś·rā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel
would go down	וַיֵּרְד֥וּ	way·yê·rə·ḏū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H3381 come or go down, descend
to the Philistines	הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים	hap·pə·liš·tîm	Article; Noun - proper - masculine plural	H6430 Philistine
to sharpen	לִ֠לְטוֹשׁ	lil·ṭō·wōš	Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H3913 hammer, sharpen, whet
their plowshares	מַחֲרַשְׁתּ֤וֹ	ma·ḥă·raš·tōw	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H4281 ploughshare
mattocks	אֵתוֹ֙	’ê·ṯōw	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H855 ploughshare
axes	קַרְדֻּמּ֔וֹ	qar·dum·mōw	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H7134 axe
and sickles	מַחֲרֵשָׁתֽוֹ׃	ma·ḥă·rê·šā·ṯōw	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H4281 ploughshare

1 Samuel 13:21

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
The charge	הַפְּצִ֣ירָה	hap·pə·ṣî·rāh	Article; Noun - feminine singular	H6477 bluntness
was	וְֽהָיְתָ֞ה	wə·hā·yə·ṯāh	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person feminine singular	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
a pim	פִ֗ים	p̄îm	Noun - masculine singular	H6310 mouth
for	לַמַּֽחֲרֵשֹׁת֙	lam·ma·ḥă·rê·šōṯ	Preposition-l, Article; Noun - feminine plural	H4281 ploughshare
or mattock	וְלָ֣אֵתִ֔ים	wə·lā·’ê·ṯîm	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l, Article; Noun - masculine plural	H855 ploughshare
a third	וְלִשְׁלֹ֥שׁ	wə·liš·lōš	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Number - feminine singular construct	H7969 a three, triad
for	קִלְּשׁ֖וֹן	qil·lə·šō·wn	Noun - masculine singular	H7053 prong, hay-fork
or an axe	וּלְהַקַּרְדֻּמִּ֑ים	ū·lə·haq·qar·dum·mîm	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l, Article; Noun - masculine plural	H7134 axe
and	וּלְהַצִּ֖יב	ū·lə·haṣ·ṣîḇ	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct	H5324 take one's stand, stand
an oxgoad	הַדָּרְבָֽן׃	had·dā·rə·ḇān	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H1861 goad

Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.