1 Samuel

1 Samuel 14:24–30

24Now the men of Israel were in distress that day, for Saul had placed the troops under an oath, saying, “Cursed is the man who eats any food before evening, before I have taken vengeance on my enemies.” So none of the troops tasted any food.

25Then all the troops entered the forest, and there was honey on the ground. 26And when they entered the forest and saw the flowing honey, not one of them put his hand to his mouth, because they feared the oath.

27Jonathan, however, had not heard that his father had bound the people with the oath. So he reached out the end of the staff in his hand, dipped it into the honeycomb, and put his hand to his mouth, and his eyes brightened.f 28Then one of the soldiers told him, “Your father bound the troops with a solemn oath, saying, ‘Cursed is the man who eats food today.’ That is why the people are faint.”

29“My father has brought trouble to the land,” Jonathan replied. “Just look at how my eyes have brightened because I tasted a little of this honey. 30How much better it would have been if the troops had eaten freely today from the plunder they took from their enemies! Would not the slaughter of the Philistines have been much greater?”

Footnotes

  • f 14:27 Or his strength was renewed; similarly in verse 29

Read all of 1 Samuel 14

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

1 Samuel 14:24

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
Now the menוְאִֽישׁ־wə·’îš-Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular constructH376 man
of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֥לyiś·rā·’êlNoun - proper - masculine singularH3478 Israel
were in distressנִגַּ֖שׂnig·gaśVerb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singularH5065 press, drive, oppress, exact
thatהַה֑וּאha·hūArticle; Pronoun - third person masculine singularH1931 he, she
dayבַּיּ֣וֹםbay·yō·wmPreposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singularH3117 day
for Saulשָׁא֨וּלšā·’ūlNoun - proper - masculine singularH7586 Shaul
had placed the troopsהָעָ֜םhā·‘āmArticle; Noun - masculine singularH5971 people
under an oathוַיֹּאֶל֩way·yō·’elConjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH422 swear, curse
sayingלֵאמֹ֗רlê·mōrPreposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructH559 utter, say
Cursed isאָר֣וּר’ā·rūrVerb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singularH779 curse
the manהָ֠אִישׁhā·’îšArticle; Noun - masculine singularH376 man
whoאֲשֶׁר־’ă·šer-Pronoun - relativeH834 particle of relation
eatsיֹ֨אכַלyō·ḵalVerb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularH398 eat
foodלֶ֜חֶםle·ḥemNoun - masculine singularH3899 bread, food
beforeעַד־‘aḏ-PrepositionH5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while
eveningהָעֶ֗רֶבhā·‘e·reḇArticle; Noun - masculine singularH6153 (sun)set, evening
before I have taken vengeanceוְנִקַּמְתִּי֙wə·niq·qam·tîConjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singularH5358 avenge, take vengeance
on my enemiesמֵאֹ֣יְבַ֔יmê·’ō·yə·ḇayPreposition-m; Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct; first person common singularH341 be hostile to
So noneוְלֹֽאwə·lōConjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particleH3808 not
of the troopsהָעָ֖םhā·‘āmArticle; Noun - masculine singularH5971 people
tastedטָעַ֥םṭā·‘amVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularH2938 taste, perceive
any foodלָֽחֶם׃סlā·ḥemNoun - masculine singularH3899 bread, food

1 Samuel 14:25

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
Then allוְכָל־wə·ḵālConjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular constructH3605 the whole, all
enteredבָּ֣אוּbā·’ūVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralH935 come in, come, go in, go
the forestבַיָּ֑עַרḇay·yā·‘arPreposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singularH3293 wood, forest, thicket
and there wasוַיְהִ֥יway·hîConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
honeyדְבַ֖שׁḏə·ḇašNoun - masculine singularH1706 honey
onעַל־‘al-PrepositionH5921 height
the groundפְּנֵ֥יpə·nêNoun - common plural constructH6440 face, before

1 Samuel 14:26

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
And whenהָעָם֙hā·‘āmArticle; Noun - masculine singularH5971 people
enteredוַיָּבֹ֤אway·yā·ḇōConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH935 come in, come, go in, go
the forestהַיַּ֔עַרhay·ya·‘arArticle; Noun - masculine singularH3293 wood, forest, thicket
and sawוְהִנֵּ֖הwə·hin·nêhConjunctive waw; InterjectionH2009 lo! behold!
the flowingהֵ֣לֶךְhê·leḵNoun - masculine singular constructH1982 traveller
honeyדְּבָ֑שׁdə·ḇāšNoun - masculine singularH1706 honey
not one of themוְאֵין־wə·’ên-Conjunctive waw; AdverbH369 nothing, nought
putמַשִּׂ֤יגmaś·śîḡVerb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singularH5381 reach, overtake
his handיָדוֹ֙yā·ḏōwNoun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singularH3027 hand
toאֶל־’el-PrepositionH413 motion to
his mouthפִּ֔יוpîwNoun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singularH6310 mouth
becauseכִּֽי־kî-ConjunctionH3588 burning, branding
fearedיָרֵ֥אyā·rêVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularH3372 fear
the oathהַשְּׁבֻעָֽה׃haš·šə·ḇu·‘āhArticle; Noun - feminine singularH7621 oath, curse

1 Samuel 14:27

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
Jonathanוְיוֹנָתָ֣ןwə·yō·w·nā·ṯānConjunctive waw; Noun - proper - masculine singularH3129 Jonathan
howeverוְיוֹנָתָ֣ןwə·yō·w·nā·ṯānConjunctive waw; Noun - proper - masculine singularH3129 Jonathan
had notלֹֽא־lō-Adverb - Negative particleH3808 not
heard thatשָׁמַ֗עšā·ma‘Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularH8085 hear
his fatherאָבִיו֮’ā·ḇîwNoun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singularH1 father
the peopleהָעָם֒hā·‘āmArticle; Noun - masculine singularH5971 people
with the oathבְּהַשְׁבִּ֣יעַbə·haš·bî·a‘Preposition-b; Verb - Hifil - Infinitive constructH7650 swear
So he reached outוַיִּשְׁלַ֗חway·yiš·laḥConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH7971 send
the endקְצֵ֤הqə·ṣêhNoun - masculine singular constructH7097 end, extremity
of the staffהַמַּטֶּה֙ham·maṭ·ṭehArticle; Noun - masculine singularH4294 staff, rod, shaft
in his handבְּיָד֔וֹbə·yā·ḏōwPreposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singularH3027 hand
dippedוַיִּטְבֹּ֥לway·yiṭ·bōlConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH2881 dip
it into the honeycombבְּיַעְרַ֣תbə·ya‘·raṯPreposition-b; Noun - feminine singular constructH3295 honeycomb
and putוַיָּ֤שֶׁבway·yā·šeḇConjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH7725 turn back, return
his handיָדוֹ֙yā·ḏōwNoun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singularH3027 hand
toאֶל־’el-PrepositionH413 motion to
his mouthפִּ֔יוpîwNoun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singularH6310 mouth
and his eyesעֵינָֽיו׃‘ê·nāwNoun - cdc; third person masculine singularH5869 eye
brightenedוַתָּרֹאנָהwat·tå̄·rō·nå̄hConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine pluralH7200 see

1 Samuel 14:28

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
Thenוַיַּעַן֩way·ya·‘anConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH6030 answer, respond
oneאִ֨ישׁ’îšNoun - masculine singularH376 man
of the soldiersמֵֽהָעָ֜םmê·hā·‘āmPreposition-m, Article; Noun - masculine singularH5971 people
told himוַיֹּ֗אמֶרway·yō·merConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH559 utter, say
Your fatherאָבִ֤יךָ’ā·ḇî·ḵāNoun - masculine singular construct; second person masculine singularH1 father
the troopsהָעָם֙hā·‘āmArticle; Noun - masculine singularH5971 people
with a solemn oathהַשְׁבֵּעַ֩haš·bê·a‘Verb - Hifil - Infinitive absoluteH7650 swear
sayingהִשְׁבִּ֨יעַhiš·bî·a‘Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singularH7650 swear
Cursed isאָר֥וּר’ā·rūrVerb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singularH779 curse
the manהָאִ֛ישׁhā·’îšArticle; Noun - masculine singularH376 man
whoאֲשֶׁר־’ă·šer-Pronoun - relativeH834 particle of relation
eatsיֹ֥אכַלyō·ḵalVerb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularH398 eat
foodלֶ֖חֶםle·ḥemNoun - masculine singularH3899 bread, food
todayהַיּ֑וֹםhay·yō·wmArticle; Noun - masculine singularH3117 day
That is why the peopleהָעָֽם׃hā·‘āmArticle; Noun - masculine singularH5971 people
are faintוַיָּ֖עַףway·yā·‘ap̄Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH5888 be faint

1 Samuel 14:29

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
My fatherאָבִ֖י’ā·ḇîNoun - masculine singular construct; first person common singularH1 father
has brought troubleעָכַ֥ר‘ā·ḵarVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularH5916 stir up, disturb, trouble
to the landהָאָ֑רֶץhā·’ā·reṣArticle; Noun - feminine singularH776 earth, land
Jonathanיֽוֹנָתָ֔ןyō·w·nā·ṯānNoun - proper - masculine singularH3129 Jonathan
repliedוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙way·yō·merConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH559 utter, say
Just lookרְאוּ־rə·’ū-Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine pluralH7200 see
at howכִּֽי־kî-ConjunctionH3588 burning, branding
my eyesעֵינַ֔י‘ê·nayNoun - cdc; first person common singularH5869 eye
have brightenedאֹ֣רוּ’ō·rūVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralH215 be or become light
becauseכִּ֣יkîConjunctionH3588 burning, branding
I tastedטָעַ֔מְתִּיṭā·‘am·tîVerb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singularH2938 taste, perceive
a littleמְעַ֖טmə·‘aṭAdjective - masculine singular constructH4592 a little, fewness, a few
of thisהַזֶּֽה׃haz·zehArticle; Pronoun - masculine singularH2088 this, that
honeyדְּבַ֥שׁdə·ḇašNoun - masculine singularH1706 honey

1 Samuel 14:30

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
How much better it would have beenאַ֗ף’ap̄ConjunctionH637 also, yea
ifלוּא֩lūPrepositionH3863 if
the troopsהָעָ֔םhā·‘āmArticle; Noun - masculine singularH5971 people
had eaten freelyאָכֹ֨ל’ā·ḵōlVerb - Qal - Infinitive absoluteH398 eat
todayהַיּוֹם֙hay·yō·wmArticle; Noun - masculine singularH3117 day
from the plunderמִשְּׁלַ֥לmiš·šə·lalPreposition-m; Noun - masculine singular constructH7998 prey, spoil, plunder, booty
they tookמָצָ֑אmā·ṣāVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularH4672 attain to, find
from their enemiesאֹיְבָ֖יו’ō·yə·ḇāwVerb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singularH341 be hostile to
Would notעַתָּ֛ה‘at·tāhAdverbH6258 now
the slaughterמַכָּ֖הmak·kāhNoun - feminine singularH4347 blow, wound, slaughter
of the Philistinesבַּפְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃bap·pə·liš·tîmPreposition-b, Article; Noun - proper - masculine pluralH6430 Philistine
have been much greaterרָבְתָ֥הrā·ḇə·ṯāhVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singularH7235 be, or become, much, many, great

Cross-references

Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.

1 Samuel 14:24 Joshua 6:26 · Romans 10:2

1 Samuel 14:27 1 Samuel 14:29 · 1 Samuel 30:12 · Proverbs 25:26 · 1 Samuel 14:43

1 Samuel 14:29 1 Kings 18:18

Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.

Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.