1 Samuel

1 Samuel 4:1–2

1Thus the word of Samuel came to all Israel.

Now the Israelites went out to meet the Philistines in battle and camped at Ebenezer, while the Philistines camped at Aphek. 2The Philistines arrayed themselves against Israel, and as the battle spread, Israel was defeated by the Philistines, who struck down about four thousand men on the battlefield.

Read all of 1 Samuel 4

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

1 Samuel 4:1

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
Thus the wordדְבַר־ḏə·ḇar-Noun - masculine singular constructH1697 speech, word
of Samuelשְׁמוּאֵ֖לšə·mū·’êlNoun - proper - masculine singularH8050 Samuel
cameוַיְהִ֥יway·hîConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
to allלְכָל־lə·ḵālPreposition-l; Noun - masculine singular constructH3605 the whole, all
Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לyiś·rā·’êlNoun - proper - masculine singularH3478 Israel
Now the Israelitesיִשְׂרָאֵל֩yiś·rā·’êlNoun - proper - masculine singularH3478 Israel
went outוַיֵּצֵ֣אway·yê·ṣêConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH3318 go or come out
to meetלִקְרַ֨אתliq·raṯPreposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructH7122 encounter, befall
the Philistinesפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜יםpə·liš·tîmNoun - proper - masculine pluralH6430 Philistine
in battleלַמִּלְחָמָ֗הlam·mil·ḥā·māhPreposition-l, Article; Noun - feminine singularH4421 battle, war
and campedוַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙way·ya·ḥă·nūConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH2583 decline, bend down, encamp
atעַל־‘al-PrepositionH5921 height
Ebenezerהָעֵ֔זֶרhā·‘ê·zerArticle; Noun - proper - feminine singularH72 Eben-ha-Ezer
while the Philistinesוּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖יםū·p̄ə·liš·tîmConjunctive waw; Noun - proper - masculine pluralH6430 Philistine
campedחָנ֥וּḥā·nūVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralH2583 decline, bend down, encamp
at Aphekבַאֲפֵֽק׃ḇa·’ă·p̄êqPreposition-b; Noun - proper - feminine singularH663 Aphek

1 Samuel 4:2

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
The Philistinesפְלִשְׁתִּ֜יםp̄ə·liš·tîmNoun - proper - masculine pluralH6430 Philistine
arrayed themselvesוַיַּעַרְכ֨וּway·ya·‘ar·ḵūConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH6186 arrange or set in order
againstלִקְרַ֣אתliq·raṯPreposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructH7122 encounter, befall
Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֗לyiś·rā·’êlNoun - proper - masculine singularH3478 Israel
and as the battleהַמִּלְחָמָ֔הham·mil·ḥā·māhArticle; Noun - feminine singularH4421 battle, war
spreadוַתִּטֹּשׁ֙wat·tiṭ·ṭōšConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singularH5203 leave, forsake, permit
Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לyiś·rā·’êlNoun - proper - masculine singularH3478 Israel
was defeatedוַיִּנָּ֥גֶףway·yin·nā·ḡep̄Conjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH5062 strike, smite
byלִפְנֵ֣יlip̄·nêPreposition-l; Noun - common plural constructH6440 face, before
the Philistinesפְלִשְׁתִּ֑יםp̄ə·liš·tîmNoun - proper - masculine pluralH6430 Philistine
who struck downוַיַּכּ֤וּway·yak·kūConjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH5221 smite
about fourכְּאַרְבַּ֥עַתkə·’ar·ba·‘aṯPreposition-k; Number - masculine singular constructH702 four
thousandאֲלָפִ֖ים’ă·lā·p̄îmNumber - masculine pluralH505 thousand
menאִֽישׁ׃’îšNoun - masculine singularH376 man
on the battlefieldבַמַּֽעֲרָכָה֙ḇam·ma·‘ă·rā·ḵāhPreposition-b, Article; Noun - feminine singularH4634 row, rank, battle-line

Cross-references

Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.

1 Samuel 4:1 1 Samuel 29:1 · 1 Samuel 5:1 · 1 Samuel 7:12

1 Samuel 4:2 Lamentations 3:40

Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.

Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.