Exodus

Exodus 39:8–14

⁸He made the breastpiece with the same workmanship as the ephod, with gold, with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and with finely spun linen. ⁹It was square when folded over double, a span long and a span wide.^b

¹⁰And they mounted on it four rows of gemstones:^c

The first row had a ruby, a topaz, and an emerald;

¹¹the second row had a turquoise, a sapphire, and a diamond;

¹²the third row had a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;

¹³and the fourth row had a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper.

These stones were mounted in gold filigree settings.

¹⁴The twelve stones corresponded to the names of the sons of Israel. Each stone was engraved like a seal with the name of one of the twelve tribes.

Footnotes

b 39:9 The breastpiece, when folded over, was approximately 9 inches or 22.9 centimeters in both length and width.
c 39:10 The precise identification of some of these gemstones is uncertain.

Read all of Exodus 39

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

Exodus 39:8

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
He made	וַיַּ֧עַשׂ	way·ya·‘aś	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H6213 do, make
the breastpiece	הַחֹ֛שֶׁן	ha·ḥō·šen	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H2833 breast-piece
with the same workmanship	מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה	ma·‘ă·śêh	Noun - masculine singular construct	H4639 deed, work
as the ephod	אֵפֹ֑ד	’ê·p̄ōḏ	Noun - masculine singular	H646 ephod
with gold	זָהָ֗ב	zā·hāḇ	Noun - masculine singular	H2091 gold
with blue	תְּכֵ֧לֶת	tə·ḵê·leṯ	Noun - feminine singular	H8504 violet
purple	וְאַרְגָּמָ֛ן	wə·’ar·gā·mān	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H713 purple, red-purple, i.e. purple thread & cloth
and scarlet yarn	וְתוֹלַ֥עַת	wə·ṯō·w·la·‘aṯ	Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular construct	H8438 worm, scarlet stuff
and with finely spun	מָשְׁזָֽר׃	mā·šə·zār	Verb - Hofal - Participle - masculine singular	H7806 be twisted
linen	וְשֵׁ֥שׁ	wə·šêš	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H8336 id.

Exodus 39:9

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
was square	רָב֧וּעַ	rā·ḇū·a‘	Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singular	H7251 squared, square
when folded over double	כָּפ֖וּל	kā·p̄ūl	Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singular	H3717 double, double over
a span	זֶ֧רֶת	ze·reṯ	Noun - feminine singular	H2239 span
long	אָרְכּ֛וֹ	’ā·rə·kōw	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H753 length
and a span	וְזֶ֥רֶת	wə·ze·reṯ	Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular	H2239 span
wide	רָחְבּ֖וֹ	rā·ḥə·bōw	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H7341 breadth, width

Exodus 39:10

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
And they mounted	וַיְמַלְאוּ־	way·mal·’ū-	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H4390 be full, fill
on it	ב֔וֹ	ḇōw	Preposition; third person masculine singular
four	אַרְבָּעָ֖ה	’ar·bā·‘āh	Number - masculine singular	H702 four
rows	ט֣וּרֵי	ṭū·rê	Noun - masculine plural construct	H2905 row
of gemstones	אָ֑בֶן	’ā·ḇen	Noun - feminine singular	H68 stone
The first	הָאֶחָֽד׃	hā·’e·ḥāḏ	Article; Number - masculine singular	H259 one
row	ט֗וּר	ṭūr	Noun - masculine singular construct	H2905 row
a ruby	אֹ֤דֶם	’ō·ḏem	Noun - masculine singular	H124 carnelian
a topaz	פִּטְדָה֙	piṭ·ḏāh	Noun - feminine singular	H6357 topaz or chrysolite
and an emerald	וּבָרֶ֔קֶת	ū·ḇā·re·qeṯ	Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular	H1304 emerald

Exodus 39:11

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
the second	הַשֵּׁנִ֑י	haš·šê·nî	Article; Number - ordinal masculine singular	H8145 second
row	וְהַטּ֖וּר	wə·haṭ·ṭūr	Conjunctive waw, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H2905 row
a turquoise	נֹ֥פֶךְ	nō·p̄eḵ	Noun - masculine singular construct	H5306 shining, garnet
a sapphire	סַפִּ֖יר	sap·pîr	Noun - masculine singular	H5601 sapphire
and a diamond	וְיָהֲלֹֽם׃	wə·yā·hă·lōm	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H3095 jasper?

Exodus 39:12

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
the third	הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑י	haš·šə·lî·šî	Article; Number - ordinal masculine singular	H7992 third
row	וְהַטּ֖וּר	wə·haṭ·ṭūr	Conjunctive waw, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H2905 row
a jacinth	לֶ֥שֶׁם	le·šem	Noun - masculine singular	H3958 gem, jacinth
an agate	שְׁב֖וֹ	šə·ḇōw	Noun - masculine singular	H7618 gem, agate
and an amethyst	וְאַחְלָֽמָה׃	wə·’aḥ·lā·māh	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H306 amethyst

Exodus 39:13

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
and the fourth	הָֽרְבִיעִ֔י	hā·rə·ḇî·‘î	Article; Number - ordinal masculine singular	H7243 fourth
row	וְהַטּוּר֙	wə·haṭ·ṭūr	Conjunctive waw, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H2905 row
a beryl	תַּרְשִׁ֥ישׁ	tar·šîš	Noun - masculine singular construct	H8658 topaz
an onyx	שֹׁ֖הַם	šō·ham	Noun - masculine singular	H7718 gem, beryl
and a jasper	וְיָשְׁפֵ֑ה	wə·yā·šə·p̄êh	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H3471 jasper
These	מֽוּסַבֹּ֛ת	mū·sab·bōṯ	Verb - Hofal - Participle - feminine plural	H5437 turn about, go around, surround
in gold	זָהָ֖ב	zā·hāḇ	Noun - masculine singular	H2091 gold
filigree	מִשְׁבְּצ֥וֹת	miš·bə·ṣō·wṯ	Noun - feminine plural construct	H4865 brocade, setting
settings	בְּמִלֻּאֹתָֽם׃	bə·mil·lu·’ō·ṯām	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine plural construct; third person masculine plural	H4396 setting

Exodus 39:14

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
The twelve	שְׁתֵּ֥ים	šə·têm	Number - fd	H8147 two
stones	וְ֠הָאֲבָנִים	wə·hā·’ă·ḇā·nîm	Conjunctive waw, Article; Noun - feminine plural	H68 stone
corresponded to	עַל־	‘al-	Preposition	H5921 height
the names	שְׁמֹ֨ת	šə·mōṯ	Noun - masculine plural construct	H8034 name
of the sons	בְּנֵי־	bə·nê-	Noun - masculine plural construct	H1121 son
of Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל	yiś·rā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel
Each	אִ֣ישׁ	’îš	Noun - masculine singular	H376 man
stone was engraved	פִּתּוּחֵ֤י	pit·tū·ḥê	Noun - masculine plural construct	H6603 engraving
like a seal	חֹתָם֙	ḥō·ṯām	Noun - masculine singular	H2368 seal, signet-ring
with	עַל־	‘al-	Preposition	H5921 height
the name	שְׁמ֔וֹ	šə·mōw	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H8034 name
of one of the twelve	לִשְׁנֵ֥ים	liš·nêm	Preposition-l; Number - md	H8147 two
tribes	שָֽׁבֶט׃	šā·ḇeṭ	Noun - masculine singular	H7626 rod, staff, club, sceptre