Romans

Romans 9:12–13

¹²not by works but by Him who calls, she was told, “The older will serve the younger.”^d ¹³So it is written: “Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated.”^e

Footnotes

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Greek it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
not	οὐκ	ouk	Adverb	G3756 no, not
by	ἐξ	ex	Preposition	G1537 from out, out from among, from
works	ἔργων	ergōn	Noun - Genitive Neuter Plural	G2041 work, labor, action, deed
but	ἀλλ’	all’	Conjunction	G235 but, except
by	ἐκ	ek	Preposition	G1537 from out, out from among, from
Him who	τοῦ	tou	Article - Genitive Masculine Singular	G3588 the
calls	καλοῦντος	kalountos	Verb - Present Participle Active - Genitive Masculine Singular	G2564 I call, invite, name
she	αὐτῇ	autē	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Feminine 3rd Person Singular	G846 he, she, it, they, them, same
was told	ἐρρέθη	errethē	Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular	G2046 I say, speak
The	Ὁ	Ho	Article - Nominative Masculine Singular	G3588 the
older	μείζων	meizōn	Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular - Comparative	G3173 large, great
will serve	δουλεύσει	douleusei	Verb - Future Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G1398 I am a slave, am subject to, obey
the	τῷ	tō	Article - Dative Masculine Singular	G3588 the
younger	ἐλάσσονι	elassoni	Adjective - Dative Masculine Singular - Comparative	G1640 less, smaller, inferior

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
So	καθὼς	kathōs	Conjunction	G2531 just as, as
it is written	γέγραπται	gegraptai	Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singular	G1125 I write
Jacob	Ἰακὼβ	Iakōb	Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular	G2384 Jacob
I loved	ἠγάπησα	ēgapēsa	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular	G25 I love
but	δὲ	de	Conjunction	G1161 but, on the other hand, and
Esau	Ἠσαῦ	Ēsau	Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular	G2269 Esau
I hated	ἐμίσησα	emisēsa	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular	G3404 I hate, detest

Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.

Romans 9:12 Genesis 25:22–23

Romans 9:13 Malachi 1:2–3

Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.

Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.