1 Samuel

1 Samuel 27:8–12

⁸Now David and his men went up and raided the Geshurites, the Girzites, and the Amalekites. (From ancient times these people had inhabited the land extending to Shur and Egypt.) ⁹Whenever David attacked a territory, he did not leave a man or woman alive, but he took the flocks and herds, the donkeys, camels, and clothing.

Then he would return to Achish, ¹⁰who would ask him, “What have you raided today?”

And David would reply, “The Negev of Judah,” or “The Negev of Jerahmeel,” or “The Negev of the Kenites.”

¹¹David did not leave a man or woman alive to be brought to Gath, for he said, “Otherwise they will report us, saying, ‘This is what David did.’” And this was David’s custom the whole time he lived in Philistine territory.

¹²So Achish trusted David, thinking, “Since he has made himself an utter stench to his people Israel, he will be my servant forever.”

Read all of 1 Samuel 27

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

1 Samuel 27:8

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Now David	דָּוִד֙	dā·wiḏ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1732 David
and his men	וַֽאֲנָשָׁ֔יו	wa·’ă·nā·šāw	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H582 man, mankind
went up	וַיַּ֤עַל	way·ya·‘al	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5927 go up, ascend, climb
and raided	וַֽיִּפְשְׁט֛וּ	way·yip̄·šə·ṭū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H6584 strip off, make a dash, raid
the Geshurites	הַגְּשׁוּרִ֥י	hag·gə·šū·rî	Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1651 Geshurite
the Girzites	וְהַגִּרְזִי	wə·hag·gir·zī	Conjunctive waw, Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1511 Grizite
and the Amalekites	וְהָעֲמָלֵקִ֑י	wə·hā·‘ă·mā·lê·qî	Conjunctive waw, Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H6003 Amalekite
From	כִּ֣י	kî	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
ancient times	מֵֽעוֹלָ֔ם	mê·‘ō·w·lām	Preposition-m; Noun - masculine singular	H5769 long duration, antiquity, futurity
these people	הֵ֜נָּה	hên·nāh	Pronoun - third person feminine plural	H2007 they
had inhabited	יֹשְׁב֤וֹת	yō·šə·ḇō·wṯ	Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine plural	H3427 sit, remain, dwell
the land	הָאָ֙רֶץ֙	hā·’ā·reṣ	Article; Noun - feminine singular	H776 earth, land
extending to Shur	שׁ֖וּרָה	šū·rāh	Noun - proper - feminine singular; third person feminine singular	H7793 Shur
and	וְעַד־	wə·‘aḏ-	Conjunctive waw; Preposition	H5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while
Egypt	מִצְרָֽיִם׃	miṣ·rā·yim	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H4714 Egypt, Egyptians

1 Samuel 27:9

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Whenever David	דָוִד֙	ḏā·wiḏ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1732 David
attacked	וְהִכָּ֤ה	wə·hik·kāh	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H5221 smite
a territory	הָאָ֔רֶץ	hā·’ā·reṣ	Article; Noun - feminine singular	H776 earth, land
he did not	וְלֹ֥א	wə·lō	Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
leave	יְחַיֶּ֖ה	yə·ḥay·yeh	Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H2421 live
a man	אִ֣ישׁ	’îš	Noun - masculine singular	H376 man
or woman	וְאִשָּׁ֑ה	wə·’iš·šāh	Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular	H802 woman, wife, female
but he took	וְלָקַח֩	wə·lā·qaḥ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H3947 take
the flocks	צֹ֨אן	ṣōn	Noun - common singular	H6629 small cattle, sheep and goats, flock, flocks
and herds	וּבָקָ֜ר	ū·ḇā·qār	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H1241 cattle, herd, ox
the donkeys	וַחֲמֹרִ֤ים	wa·ḥă·mō·rîm	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural	H2543 heap
camels	וּגְמַלִּים֙	ū·ḡə·mal·lîm	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural	H1581 camel
and clothing	וּבְגָדִ֔ים	ū·ḇə·ḡā·ḏîm	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural	H899 treachery
Then he would return	וַיָּ֖שָׁב	way·yā·šāḇ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7725 turn back, return
to	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
Achish	אָכִֽישׁ׃	’ā·ḵîš	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H397 Akish

1 Samuel 27:10

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
who	אָכִ֔ישׁ	’ā·ḵîš	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H397 Akish
would ask him	וַיֹּ֣אמֶר	way·yō·mer	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H559 utter, say
What have you raided today	פְּשַׁטְתֶּ֖ם	pə·šaṭ·tem	Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine plural	H6584 strip off, make a dash, raid
And David	דָּוִ֗ד	dā·wiḏ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1732 David
would reply	וַיֹּ֣אמֶר	way·yō·mer	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H559 utter, say
The Negev	נֶ֤גֶב	ne·ḡeḇ	Noun - feminine singular construct	H5045 south-country, Negeb, south
of Judah	יְהוּדָה֙	yə·hū·ḏāh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3063 Judah
or	וְעַל־	wə·‘al-	Conjunctive waw; Preposition	H5921 height
The Negev	נֶ֣גֶב	ne·ḡeḇ	Noun - feminine singular construct	H5045 south-country, Negeb, south
of Jerahmeel	הַיַּרְחְמְאֵלִ֔י	hay·yar·ḥə·mə·’ê·lî	Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3397 Jerachmeelite
or	וְאֶל־	wə·’el-	Conjunctive waw; Preposition	H413 motion to
The Negev	נֶ֖גֶב	ne·ḡeḇ	Noun - feminine singular construct	H5045 south-country, Negeb, south
of the Kenites	הַקֵּינִֽי׃	haq·qê·nî	Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H7017 Kenite

1 Samuel 27:11

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
David	דָוִ֗ד	ḏā·wiḏ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1732 David
did not	לֹֽא־	lō-	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
a man	וְאִ֨ישׁ	wə·’îš	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H376 man
or woman	וְאִשָּׁ֜ה	wə·’iš·šāh	Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular	H802 woman, wife, female
alive	יְחַיֶּ֣ה	yə·ḥay·yeh	Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H2421 live
to be brought	לְהָבִ֥יא	lə·hā·ḇî	Preposition-l; Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct	H935 come in, come, go in, go
to Gath	גַת֙	ḡaṯ	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H1661 wine-press
for he said	לֵאמֹ֔ר	lê·mōr	Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H559 utter, say
Otherwise	פֶּן־	pen-	Conjunction	H6435 lest
they will report	יַגִּ֥דוּ	yag·gi·ḏū	Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine plural	H5046 be conspicuous
us	עָלֵ֖ינוּ	‘ā·lê·nū	Preposition; first person common plural	H5921 height
saying	לֵאמֹ֑ר	lê·mōr	Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H559 utter, say
This is what	כֹּֽה־	kōh-	Adverb	H3541 thus, here
David	דָוִד֙	ḏā·wiḏ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1732 David
did	עָשָׂ֤ה	‘ā·śāh	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H6213 do, make
And this	וְכֹ֣ה	wə·ḵōh	Conjunctive waw; Adverb	H3541 thus, here
was David’s custom	מִשְׁפָּט֔וֹ	miš·pā·ṭōw	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H4941 judgment
the whole	כָּל־	kāl-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
time	הַ֨יָּמִ֔ים	hay·yā·mîm	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H3117 day
he lived	יָשַׁ֖ב	yā·šaḇ	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H3427 sit, remain, dwell
in Philistine	פְלִשְׁתִּֽים׃	p̄ə·liš·tîm	Noun - proper - masculine plural	H6430 Philistine
territory	בִּשְׂדֵ֥ה	biś·ḏêh	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct	H7704 id.

1 Samuel 27:12

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
So Achish	אָכִ֖ישׁ	’ā·ḵîš	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H397 Akish
trusted	וַיַּאֲמֵ֥ן	way·ya·’ă·mên	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H539 confirm, support
David	בְּדָוִ֣ד	bə·ḏā·wiḏ	Preposition-b; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1732 David
thinking	לֵאמֹ֑ר	lê·mōr	Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H559 utter, say
Since he has made himself an utter stench	הַבְאֵ֤שׁ	haḇ·’êš	Verb - Hifil - Infinitive absolute	H887 be evil, bad
to his people	בְּעַמּ֣וֹ	bə·‘am·mōw	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H5971 people
Israel	בְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	ḇə·yiś·rā·’êl	Preposition-b; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel
he will be	וְהָ֥יָה	wə·hā·yāh	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
my	לִ֖י	lî	Preposition; first person common singular
servant	לְעֶ֥בֶד	lə·‘e·ḇeḏ	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular construct	H5650 slave, servant
forever	עוֹלָֽם׃פ	‘ō·w·lām	Noun - masculine singular	H5769 long duration, antiquity, futurity

Cross-references

Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.

1 Samuel 27:8 1 Samuel 15:7–8 · Joshua 13:2 · Joshua 13:13 · Joshua 16:10 · Judges 1:29

1 Samuel 27:9 1 Samuel 15:3

1 Samuel 27:10 Judges 1:16 · 1 Chronicles 2:25 · 1 Chronicles 2:9 · Galatians 2:11–13 · Judges 4:11 · 1 Samuel 30:29

Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.

Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.