2 Samuel

2 Samuel 10:15–19

¹⁵When the Arameans saw that they had been defeated by Israel, they regrouped. ¹⁶Hadadezer sent messengers to bring more Arameans from beyond the Euphrates,^a and they came to Helam with Shobach^b the commander of Hadadezer’s army leading them.

¹⁷When this was reported to David, he gathered all Israel, crossed the Jordan, and went to Helam. Then the Arameans arrayed themselves against David and fought against him. ¹⁸But the Arameans fled before Israel, and David killed seven hundred charioteers and forty thousand foot soldiers.^c He also struck down Shobach the commander of their army, who died there.

¹⁹When all the kings who were subject to Hadadezer saw that they had been defeated by Israel, they made peace with Israel and became subject to them. So the Arameans were afraid to help the Ammonites anymore.

Footnotes

a 10:16 Hebrew the River
b 10:16 Shobach is a variant of Shophach; see 1 Chronicles 19:16|1CH 19:16.
c 10:18 Some LXX manuscripts (see also 1 Chronicles 19:18|1CH 19:18); Hebrew horsemen

Read all of 2 Samuel 10

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

2 Samuel 10:15

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
When the Arameans	אֲרָ֔ם	’ă·rām	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H758 Aram
saw	וַיַּ֣רְא	way·yar	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7200 see
that	כִּ֥י	kî	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
they had been defeated	נִגַּ֖ף	nig·gap̄	Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H5062 strike, smite
by	לִפְנֵ֣י	lip̄·nê	Preposition-l; Noun - common plural construct	H6440 face, before
Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	yiś·rā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel
they regrouped	וַיֵּאָסְפ֖וּ	way·yê·’ā·sə·p̄ū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H622 gather, remove

2 Samuel 10:16

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Hadadezer	הֲדַדְעֶ֗זֶר	hă·ḏaḏ·‘e·zer	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1909 Hadadezer
sent	וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח	way·yiš·laḥ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7971 send
messengers to bring	וַיֹּצֵ֤א	way·yō·ṣê	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H3318 go or come out
Arameans	אֲרָם֙	’ă·rām	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H758 Aram
from beyond	מֵעֵ֣בֶר	mê·‘ê·ḇer	Preposition-m; Noun - masculine singular construct	H5676 region across or beyond, side
the Euphrates	הַנָּהָ֔ר	han·nā·hār	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H5104 stream, river
and they came	וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ	way·yā·ḇō·’ū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H935 come in, come, go in, go
to Helam	חֵילָ֑ם	ḥê·lām	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H2431 Chelam
with Shobach	וְשׁוֹבַ֛ךְ	wə·šō·w·ḇaḵ	Conjunctive waw; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H7731 Shobak
the commander	שַׂר־	śar-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H8269 chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince
of Hadadezer’s	הֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר	hă·ḏaḏ·‘e·zer	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1909 Hadadezer
army	צְבָ֥א	ṣə·ḇā	Noun - common singular construct	H6635 army, war, warfare
leading them	לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃	lip̄·nê·hem	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine plural	H6440 face, before

2 Samuel 10:17

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
When this was reported	וַיֻּגַּ֣ד	way·yug·gaḏ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hofal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5046 be conspicuous
to David	לְדָוִ֗דס	lə·ḏå̄·wi·ḏs	Preposition-l; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1732 David
he gathered	וַיֶּאֱסֹ֤ף	way·ye·’ĕ·sōp̄	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H622 gather, remove
all	כָּל־	kāl-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵל֙	yiś·rā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel
crossed	וַיַּעֲבֹ֣ר	way·ya·‘ă·ḇōr	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5674 pass over, through, by, pass on
the Jordan	הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן	hay·yar·dên	Article; Noun - proper - feminine singular	H3383 Jordan
and went	וַיָּבֹ֖א	way·yā·ḇō	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H935 come in, come, go in, go
to Helam	חֵלָ֑אמָה	ḥê·lā·māh	Noun - proper - feminine singular; third person feminine singular	H2431 Chelam
Then the Arameans	אֲרָם֙	’ă·rām	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H758 Aram
arrayed themselves	וַיַּעַרְכ֤וּ	way·ya·‘ar·ḵū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H6186 arrange or set in order
against	לִקְרַ֣את	liq·raṯ	Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H7122 encounter, befall
David	דָּוִ֔ד	dā·wiḏ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1732 David
and fought	וַיִּלָּחֲמ֖וּ	way·yil·lā·ḥă·mū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H3898 fight, do battle
against him	עִמּֽוֹ׃	‘im·mōw	Preposition; third person masculine singular	H5973 with

2 Samuel 10:18

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
But the Arameans	אֲרָם֮	’ă·rām	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H758 Aram
fled	וַיָּ֣נָס	way·yā·nās	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5127 flee, escape
before	מִפְּנֵ֣י	mip·pə·nê	Preposition-m; Noun - common plural construct	H6440 face, before
Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵל֒	yiś·rā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel
and David	דָּוִ֜ד	dā·wiḏ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1732 David
killed	וַיַּהֲרֹ֨ג	way·ya·hă·rōḡ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H2026 kill, slay
seven	שְׁבַ֤ע	šə·ḇa‘	Number - feminine singular construct	H7651 seven
hundred	מֵאוֹת֙	mê·’ō·wṯ	Number - feminine plural	H3967 hundred
charioteers	רֶ֔כֶב	re·ḵeḇ	Noun - masculine singular	H7393 chariotry, chariot, mill-stone
and forty	וְאַרְבָּעִ֥ים	wə·’ar·bā·‘îm	Conjunctive waw; Number - common plural	H705 forty
thousand	אֶ֖לֶף	’e·lep̄	Number - masculine singular	H505 thousand
foot soldiers	פָּרָשִׁ֑ים	pā·rā·šîm	Noun - masculine plural	H6571 horse, steed
He also struck down	הִכָּ֖ה	hik·kāh	Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H5221 smite
Shobach	שׁוֹבַ֧ךְ	šō·w·ḇaḵ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H7731 Shobak
the commander	שַׂר־	śar-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H8269 chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince
of their army	צְבָא֛וֹ	ṣə·ḇā·’ōw	Noun - common singular construct; third person masculine singular	H6635 army, war, warfare
who died	וַיָּ֥מָת	way·yā·māṯ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H4191 die
there	שָֽׁם׃	šām	Adverb	H8033 there, thither

2 Samuel 10:19

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
When all	כָֽל־	ḵāl	Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
the kings	הַמְּלָכִ֜ים	ham·mə·lā·ḵîm	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H4428 king
subject	עַבְדֵ֣י	‘aḇ·ḏê	Noun - masculine plural construct	H5650 slave, servant
to Hadadezer	הֲדַדְעֶ֗זֶר	hă·ḏaḏ·‘e·zer	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1909 Hadadezer
saw	וַיִּרְא֨וּ	way·yir·’ū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H7200 see
that	כִּ֤י	kî	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
they had been defeated	נִגְּפוּ֙	nig·gə·p̄ū	Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural	H5062 strike, smite
by	לִפְנֵ֣י	lip̄·nê	Preposition-l; Noun - common plural construct	H6440 face, before
Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	yiś·rā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel
they made peace	וַיַּשְׁלִ֥מוּ	way·yaš·li·mū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H7999 be complete, sound
with	אֶת־	’eṯ-	Preposition	H854 with
Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	yiś·rā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel
and became subject to them	וַיַּֽעַבְד֑וּם	way·ya·‘aḇ·ḏūm	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural; third person masculine plural	H5647 work, serve
So the Arameans	אֲרָ֔ם	’ă·rām	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H758 Aram
were afraid	וַיִּֽרְא֣וּ	way·yir·’ū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H3372 fear
to help	לְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַ	lə·hō·wō·šî·a‘	Preposition-l; Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct	H3467 deliver
the Ammonites	בְּנֵ֥י	bə·nê	Noun - masculine plural construct	H1121 son
anymore	ע֖וֹד	‘ō·wḏ	Adverb	H5750 a going round, continuance

Cross-references

Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.

2 Samuel 10:16 1 Chronicles 19:16 · 2 Samuel 8:3–8

2 Samuel 10:18 1 Chronicles 19:18

2 Samuel 10:19 2 Samuel 8:6 · Revelation 18:10

Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.

Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.