Exodus

Exodus 22:10–15

¹⁰If a man gives a donkey, an ox, a sheep, or any other animal to be cared for by his neighbor, but it dies or is injured or stolen while no one is watching, ¹¹an oath before the LORD shall be made between the parties to determine whether or not the man has taken his neighbor’s property. The owner must accept the oath and require no restitution.

¹²But if the animal was actually stolen from the neighbor, he must make restitution to the owner.

¹³If the animal was torn to pieces, he shall bring it as evidence; he need not make restitution for the torn carcass.

¹⁴If a man borrows an animal from his neighbor and it is injured or dies while its owner is not present, he must make full restitution. ¹⁵If the owner was present, no restitution is required. If the animal was rented, the fee covers the loss.

Read all of Exodus 22

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

Exodus 22:10

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
If	כִּֽי־	kî-	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
a man	אִ֨ישׁ	’îš	Noun - masculine singular	H376 man
gives	יִתֵּן֩	yit·tên	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5414 give, put, set
a donkey	חֲמ֨וֹר	ḥă·mō·wr	Noun - masculine singular	H2543 heap
an ox	שׁ֥וֹר	šō·wr	Noun - masculine singular	H7794 head of cattle
a sheep	שֶׂ֛ה	śeh	Noun - masculine singular	H7716 one of a flock, a sheep (or goat)
or any	וְכָל־	wə·ḵāl	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
other animal	בְּהֵמָ֖ה	bə·hê·māh	Noun - feminine singular	H929 beast, animal, cattle
to be cared for	לִשְׁמֹ֑ר	liš·mōr	Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H8104 keep, watch, preserve
by his neighbor	רֵעֵ֜הוּ	rê·‘ê·hū	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H7453 shouting, roar
but it dies	וּמֵ֛ת	ū·mêṯ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H4191 die
or	אוֹ־	’ōw-	Conjunction	H176 or
is injured	נִשְׁבַּ֥ר	niš·bar	Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H7665 break, break in pieces
or	אוֹ־	’ōw-	Conjunction	H176 or
stolen	נִשְׁבָּ֖ה	niš·bāh	Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H7617 take captive
while no	אֵ֥ין	’ên	Adverb	H369 nothing, nought
one is watching	רֹאֶֽה׃	rō·’eh	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular	H7200 see

Exodus 22:11

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
an oath	שְׁבֻעַ֣ת	šə·ḇu·‘aṯ	Noun - feminine singular construct	H7621 oath, curse
before the LORD	יְהוָ֗ה	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
shall be made	תִּהְיֶה֙	tih·yeh	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
between	בֵּ֣ין	bên	Preposition	H996 interval, space between
the parties	שְׁנֵיהֶ֔ם	šə·nê·hem	Number - masculine dual construct; third person masculine plural	H8147 two
to determine whether	אִם־	’im-	Conjunction	H518 if
or not	לֹ֥א	lō	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
the man has taken	שָׁלַ֛ח	šā·laḥ	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H7971 send
his neighbor’s	רֵעֵ֑הוּ	rê·‘ê·hū	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H7453 shouting, roar
property	בִּמְלֶ֣אכֶת	bim·le·ḵeṯ	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct	H4399 occupation, work
The owner	בְּעָלָ֖יו	bə·‘ā·lāw	Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H1167 owner, lord
must accept	וְלָקַ֥ח	wə·lā·qaḥ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H3947 take
and require no	וְלֹ֥א	wə·lō	Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
restitution	יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃	yə·šal·lêm	Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7999 be complete, sound

Exodus 22:12

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
But if	וְאִם־	wə·’im-	Conjunction	H518 if
was actually	גָּנֹ֥ב	gā·nōḇ	Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolute	H1589 steal
stolen	יִגָּנֵ֖ב	yig·gā·nêḇ	Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1589 steal
from	מֵעִמּ֑וֹ	mê·‘im·mōw	Preposition-m; third person masculine singular	H5973 with
he must make restitution	יְשַׁלֵּ֖ם	yə·šal·lêm	Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7999 be complete, sound
to the owner	לִבְעָלָֽיו׃	liḇ·‘ā·lāw	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H1167 owner, lord

Exodus 22:13

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
If	אִם־	’im-	Conjunction	H518 if
was torn to pieces	טָרֹ֥ף	ṭā·rōp̄	Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolute	H2963 tear, rend, pluck
he shall bring	יְבִאֵ֣הוּ	yə·ḇi·’ê·hū	Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular; third person masculine singular	H935 come in, come, go in, go
it as evidence	עֵ֑ד	‘êḏ	Noun - masculine singular construct	H5707 witness
he need not	לֹ֥א	lō	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
make restitution	יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃פ	yə·šal·lêm	Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7999 be complete, sound
for the torn carcass	הַטְּרֵפָ֖ה	haṭ·ṭə·rê·p̄āh	Article; Noun - feminine singular	H2966 animal torn

Exodus 22:14

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
If	וְכִֽי־	wə·ḵî-	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
a man	אִ֛ישׁ	’îš	Noun - masculine singular	H376 man
borrows	יִשְׁאַ֥ל	yiš·’al	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7592 ask, inquire
from his neighbor	רֵעֵ֖הוּ	rê·‘ê·hū	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H7453 shouting, roar
and it is injured	וְנִשְׁבַּ֣ר	wə·niš·bar	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H7665 break, break in pieces
or	אוֹ־	’ōw-	Conjunction	H176 or
dies	מֵ֑ת	mêṯ	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H4191 die
while its owner	בְּעָלָ֥יו	bə·‘ā·lāw	Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H1167 owner, lord
is not	אֵין־	’ên-	Adverb	H369 nothing, nought
present	עִמּ֖וֹ	‘im·mōw	Preposition; third person masculine singular	H5973 with
he must make full restitution	שַׁלֵּ֥ם	šal·lêm	Verb - Piel - Infinitive absolute	H7999 be complete, sound

Exodus 22:15

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
If	אִם־	’im-	Conjunction	H518 if
the owner	בְּעָלָ֥יו	bə·‘ā·lāw	Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H1167 owner, lord
was present	עִמּ֖וֹ	‘im·mōw	Preposition; third person masculine singular	H5973 with
no	לֹ֣א	lō	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
restitution is required	יְשַׁלֵּ֑ם	yə·šal·lêm	Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7999 be complete, sound
If	אִם־	’im-	Conjunction	H518 if
was rented	שָׂכִ֣יר	śā·ḵîr	Adjective - masculine singular	H7916 hired
the fee covers the loss	בִּשְׂכָרֽוֹ׃ס	biś·ḵā·rōw	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H7939 hire, wages

Cross-references

Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.

Exodus 22:11 Hebrews 6:16

Exodus 22:12 Genesis 31:39

Exodus 22:14 Deuteronomy 23:19–20 · Luke 6:35 · Exodus 21:34 · Deuteronomy 15:2 · Leviticus 24:18 · Matthew 5:42 · Psalm 37:21 · Exodus 22:11

Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.

Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.