Isaiah

Isaiah 28:24–28

²⁴Does the plowman plow for planting every day?

Does he continuously loosen and harrow the soil?

²⁵When he has leveled its surface,

does he not sow caraway and scatter cumin?

He plants wheat in rows and barley in plots,

and rye within its border.

²⁶For his God instructs

and teaches him properly.

²⁷Surely caraway is not threshed with a sledge,

and the wheel of a cart is not rolled over the cumin.

But caraway is beaten out with a stick,

and cumin with a rod.

²⁸Grain for bread must be ground,

but it is not endlessly threshed.

Though the wheels of the cart roll over it,

the horses do not crush it.

Read all of Isaiah 28

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

Isaiah 28:24

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Does the plowman	יַחֲרֹ֥שׁ	ya·ḥă·rōš	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H2790 cut in, engrave, plough, devise
plow	הַחֹרֵ֖שׁ	ha·ḥō·rêš	Article; Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular	H2790 cut in, engrave, plough, devise
for planting	לִזְרֹ֑עַ	liz·rō·a‘	Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H2232 sow, scatter seed
every	הֲכֹ֣ל	hă·ḵōl	Article; Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
day	הַיּ֔וֹם	hay·yō·wm	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3117 day
Does he continuously loosen	יְפַתַּ֥ח	yə·p̄at·taḥ	Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H6605 open
and harrow	וִֽישַׂדֵּ֖ד	wî·śad·dêḏ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Piel - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7702 harrow
the soil	אַדְמָתֽוֹ׃	’aḏ·mā·ṯōw	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H127 ground, land

Isaiah 28:25

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
When	אִם־	’im-	Conjunction	H518 if
he has leveled	שִׁוָּ֣ה	šiw·wāh	Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H7737 be even, smooth
its surface	פָנֶ֔יהָ	p̄ā·ne·hā	Noun - masculine plural construct; third person feminine singular	H6440 face, before
does he not	הֲלוֹא֙	hă·lō·w	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
sow	יִזְרֹ֑ק	yiz·rōq	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H2236 to toss or throw
caraway	קֶ֖צַח	qe·ṣaḥ	Noun - masculine singular	H7100 black cumin
and scatter	וְהֵפִ֥יץ	wə·hê·p̄îṣ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H6327 be dispersed, scattered
cumin	וְכַמֹּ֣ן	wə·ḵam·mōn	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H3646 cummin
He plants	וְשָׂ֨ם	wə·śām	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H7760 put, place, set
wheat	חִטָּ֤ה	ḥiṭ·ṭāh	Noun - feminine singular	H2406 wheat
in rows	שׂוֹרָה֙	śō·w·rāh	Noun - feminine singular	H7795 ring, row
and barley	וּשְׂעֹרָ֣ה	ū·śə·‘ō·rāh	Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular	H8184 barley
in plots	נִסְמָ֔ן	nis·mān	Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singular	H5567 designate
and rye	וְכֻסֶּ֖מֶת	wə·ḵus·se·meṯ	Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular	H3698 spelt
within its border	גְּבֻלָתֽוֹ׃	gə·ḇu·lā·ṯōw	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H1367 border, boundary

Isaiah 28:26

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
For his God	אֱלֹהָ֥יו	’ĕ·lō·hāw	Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H430 God
instructs	וְיִסְּר֥וֹ	wə·yis·sə·rōw	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular; third person masculine singular	H3256 discipline, chasten, admonish
and teaches him	יוֹרֶֽנּוּ׃	yō·w·ren·nū	Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular; third person masculine singular	H3384 throw, shoot
properly	לַמִּשְׁפָּ֖ט	lam·miš·pāṭ	Preposition-l, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H4941 judgment

Isaiah 28:27

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Surely	כִּ֣י	kî	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
caraway	קֶ֔צַח	qe·ṣaḥ	Noun - masculine singular	H7100 black cumin
is not	לֹ֤א	lō	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
threshed	י֣וּדַשׁ	yū·ḏaš	Verb - Hofal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1758 tread, thresh
with a sledge	בֶֽחָרוּץ֙	ḇe·ḥā·rūṣ	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H2742 sharp, diligent
and the wheel	וְאוֹפַ֣ן	wə·’ō·w·p̄an	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular construct	H212 wheel
of a cart	עֲגָלָ֔ה	‘ă·ḡā·lāh	Noun - feminine singular	H5699 cart
is not rolled	יוּסָּ֑ב	yūs·sāḇ	Verb - Hofal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5437 turn about, go around, surround
over	עַל־	‘al-	Preposition	H5921 height
the cumin	כַּמֹּ֖ן	kam·mōn	Noun - masculine singular	H3646 cummin
But	כִּ֧י	kî	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
caraway	קֶ֖צַח	qe·ṣaḥ	Noun - masculine singular	H7100 black cumin
is beaten out	יֵחָ֥בֶט	yê·ḥā·ḇeṭ	Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H2251 beat off, beat out
with a stick	בַמַּטֶּ֛ה	ḇam·maṭ·ṭeh	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H4294 staff, rod, shaft
and cumin	וְכַמֹּ֥ן	wə·ḵam·mōn	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H3646 cummin
with a rod	בַּשָּֽׁבֶט׃	baš·šā·ḇeṭ	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H7626 rod, staff, club, sceptre

Isaiah 28:28

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Grain for bread	לֶ֣חֶם	le·ḥem	Noun - masculine singular	H3899 bread, food
must be ground	יוּדָ֔ק	yū·ḏāq	Verb - Hofal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1854 crush, pulverise, thresh; be fine
but	כִּ֛י	kî	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
it is not	לֹ֥א	lō	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
endlessly threshed	יְדוּשֶׁ֑נּוּ	yə·ḏū·šen·nū	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular; third person masculine singular	H1758 tread, thresh
Though the wheels	גִּלְגַּ֧ל	gil·gal	Noun - masculine singular construct	H1536 wheel
of the cart	עֶגְלָת֛וֹ	‘eḡ·lā·ṯōw	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H5699 cart
roll over it	וְ֠הָמַם	wə·hā·mam	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H2000 make a noise, move noisily, confuse, discomfit
the horses	וּפָרָשָׁ֖יו	ū·p̄ā·rā·šāw	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H6571 horse, steed
do not	לֹֽא־	lō-	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
crush it	יְדֻקֶּֽנּוּ׃	yə·ḏuq·qen·nū	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular; third person masculine singular	H1854 crush, pulverise, thresh; be fine