Isaiah

Isaiah 9:18–21

¹⁸For wickedness burns like a fire

that consumes the thorns and briers

and kindles the forest thickets,

which roll upward in billows of smoke.

¹⁹By the wrath of the LORD of Hosts

the land is scorched,

and the people are fuel for the fire.

No man even spares his brother.

²⁰They carve out what is on the right,

but they are still hungry;

they eat what is on the left,

but they are still not satisfied.

Each one devours the flesh of his own offspring.^d

²¹Manasseh devours Ephraim,

and Ephraim Manasseh;

together they turn against Judah.

Despite all this, His anger is not turned away;

His hand is still upraised.

Footnotes

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
For	כִּֽי־	kî-	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
wickedness	רִשְׁעָ֔ה	riš·‘āh	Noun - feminine singular	H7564 wickedness
burns	בָעֲרָ֤ה	ḇā·‘ă·rāh	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular	H1197 burn, consume
like a fire	כָאֵשׁ֙	ḵā·’êš	Preposition-k, Article; Noun - common singular	H784 fire
that consumes	תֹּאכֵ֑ל	tō·ḵêl	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular	H398 eat
the thorns	וָשַׁ֖יִת	wā·ša·yiṯ	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H7898 thorn-bushes
and briers	שָׁמִ֥יר	šā·mîr	Noun - masculine singular	H8068 thorn(s), adamant, flint
and kindles	וַתִּצַּת֙	wat·tiṣ·ṣaṯ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular	H3341 kindle, burn
the forest	הַיַּ֔עַר	hay·ya·‘ar	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3293 wood, forest, thicket
thickets	בְּסִֽבְכֵ֣י	bə·siḇ·ḵê	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine plural construct	H5442 thicket
which roll upward	וַיִּֽתְאַבְּכ֖וּ	way·yiṯ·’ab·bə·ḵū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hitpael - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H55 coil
in billows	גֵּא֥וּת	gê·’ūṯ	Noun - feminine singular construct	H1348 majesty
of smoke	עָשָֽׁן׃	‘ā·šān	Noun - masculine singular	H6227 smoke

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
By the wrath	בְּעֶבְרַ֛ת	bə·‘eḇ·raṯ	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct	H5678 overflow, arrogance, fury
of the LORD	יְהוָ֥ה	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
of Hosts	צְבָא֖וֹת	ṣə·ḇā·’ō·wṯ	Noun - common plural	H6635 army, war, warfare
the land	אָ֑רֶץ	’ā·reṣ	Noun - feminine singular	H776 earth, land
is scorched	נֶעְתַּ֣ם	ne‘·tam	Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H6272 glow, be desolated
and the people	הָעָם֙	hā·‘ām	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H5971 people
are	וַיְהִ֤י	way·hî	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
fuel	כְּמַאֲכֹ֣לֶת	kə·ma·’ă·ḵō·leṯ	Preposition-k; Noun - feminine singular construct	H3980 fuel
for the fire	אֵ֔שׁ	’êš	Noun - common singular	H784 fire
No	לֹ֥א	lō	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
man	אִ֥ישׁ	’îš	Noun - masculine singular	H376 man
even spares	יַחְמֹֽלוּ׃	yaḥ·mō·lū	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural	H2550 spare
his brother	אָחִ֖יו	’ā·ḥîw	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H251 brother

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
They carve out	וַיִּגְזֹ֤ר	way·yiḡ·zōr	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1504 cut, divide
what is on	עַל־	‘al-	Preposition	H5921 height
the right	יָמִין֙	yā·mîn	Noun - feminine singular	H3225 right hand
but they are still hungry	וְרָעֵ֔ב	wə·rā·‘êḇ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H7456 be hungry
they eat	וַיֹּ֥אכַל	way·yō·ḵal	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H398 eat
what is on	עַל־	‘al-	Preposition	H5921 height
the left	שְׂמֹ֖אול	śə·mō·wl	Noun - masculine singular	H8040 the left
but they are still not	וְלֹ֣א	wə·lō	Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
satisfied	שָׂבֵ֑עוּ	śā·ḇê·‘ū	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural	H7646 be sated, satisfied, surfeited
Each one	אִ֥ישׁ	’îš	Noun - masculine singular	H376 man
devours	יֹאכֵֽלוּ׃	yō·ḵê·lū	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural	H398 eat
the flesh	בְּשַׂר־	bə·śar-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H1320 flesh
of his own offspring	זְרֹע֖וֹ	zə·rō·‘ōw	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H2220 arm, shoulder, strength

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Manasseh	מְנַשֶּׁ֣ה	mə·naš·šeh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H4519 Manasseh
Ephraim	אֶפְרַ֗יִם	’ep̄·ra·yim	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H669 Ephraim
and Ephraim	וְאֶפְרַ֙יִם֙	wə·’ep̄·ra·yim	Conjunctive waw; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H669 Ephraim
Manasseh	מְנַשֶּׁ֔ה	mə·naš·šeh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H4519 Manasseh
together	יַחְדָּ֥ו	yaḥ·dāw	Adverb	H3162 unitedness
they turn against	עַל־	‘al-	Preposition	H5921 height
Judah	יְהוּדָ֑ה	yə·hū·ḏāh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3063 Judah
Despite all	בְּכָל־	bə·ḵāl	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
this	זֹאת֙	zōṯ	Pronoun - feminine singular	H2063 this
His anger	אַפּ֔וֹ	’ap·pōw	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H639 nostril, nose, face, anger
is not	לֹא־	lō-	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
turned away	שָׁ֣ב	šāḇ	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H7725 turn back, return
His hand	יָד֥וֹ	yā·ḏōw	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H3027 hand
is still	וְע֖וֹד	wə·‘ō·wḏ	Conjunctive waw; Adverb	H5750 a going round, continuance
upraised	נְטוּיָֽה׃ס	nə·ṭū·yāh	Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - feminine singular	H5186 stretch out, spread out, extend, incline, bend