Joshua

Joshua 11:1–5

¹Now when Jabin king of Hazor heard about these things, he sent word to Jobab king of Madon; to the kings of Shimron and Achshaph; ²to the kings of the north in the mountains, in the Arabah south of Chinnereth, in the foothills,^a and in Naphoth-dor^b to the west; ³to the Canaanites in the east and west; to the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, and Jebusites in the hill country; and to the Hivites at the foot of Hermon in the land of Mizpah.

⁴So these kings came out with all their armies, a multitude as numerous as the sand on the seashore, along with a great number of horses and chariots. ⁵All these kings joined forces and encamped at the waters of Merom to fight against Israel.

Footnotes

a 11:2 Hebrew Shephelah or lowlands; that is, the western foothills of Judea; also in verse 16
b 11:2 Or in the heights of Dor; Naphoth-dor is a variant of Naphath-dor; see Joshua 12:23|JOS 12:23.

Read all of Joshua 11

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

Joshua 11:1

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Now when	וַיְהִ֕י	way·hî	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
Jabin	יָבִ֣ין	yā·ḇîn	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H2985 Jabin
king	מֶֽלֶךְ־	me·leḵ-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H4428 king
of Hazor	חָצ֑וֹר	ḥā·ṣō·wr	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H2674 Chatsor
heard about these things	כִּשְׁמֹ֖עַ	kiš·mō·a‘	Preposition-k; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H8085 hear
he sent word	וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח	way·yiš·laḥ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7971 send
to	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
Jobab	יוֹבָב֙	yō·w·ḇāḇ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3103 Jobab
king	מֶ֣לֶךְ	me·leḵ	Noun - masculine singular construct	H4428 king
of Madon	מָד֔וֹן	mā·ḏō·wn	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H4068 Madon
to	וְאֶל־	wə·’el-	Conjunctive waw; Preposition	H413 motion to
the kings	מֶ֥לֶךְ	me·leḵ	Noun - masculine singular construct	H4428 king
of Shimron	שִׁמְר֖וֹן	šim·rō·wn	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H8110 Shimron
and Achshaph	אַכְשָֽׁף׃	’aḵ·šāp̄	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H407 Acshaph

Joshua 11:2

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
to	וְֽאֶל־	wə·’el-	Conjunctive waw; Preposition	H413 motion to
the kings	הַמְּלָכִ֞ים	ham·mə·lā·ḵîm	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H4428 king
of the north	מִצְּפ֗וֹן	miṣ·ṣə·p̄ō·wn	Preposition-m; Noun - feminine singular construct	H6828 north
in the mountains	בָּהָ֧ר	bā·hār	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H2022 mountain, hill, hill-country
in the Arabah	וּבָעֲרָבָ֛ה	ū·ḇā·‘ă·rā·ḇāh	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article; Noun - feminine singular	H6160 desert-plain, steppe
south	נֶ֥גֶב	ne·ḡeḇ	Noun - feminine singular construct	H5045 south-country, Negeb, south
of Chinnereth	כִּֽנֲר֖וֹת	ki·nă·rō·wṯ	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H3672 Kinneroth, Kinnereth
in the foothills	וּבַשְּׁפֵלָ֑ה	ū·ḇaš·šə·p̄ê·lāh	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article; Noun - feminine singular	H8219 lowland
and in Naphoth-dor	וּבְנָפ֥וֹת	ū·ḇə·nā·p̄ō·wṯ	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b; Noun - feminine plural construct	H5316 id.
to the west	מִיָּֽם׃	mî·yām	Preposition-m; Noun - masculine singular	H3220 sea

Joshua 11:3

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
to the Canaanites	הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙	hak·kə·na·‘ă·nî	Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3669 trader, merchant
in the east	מִמִּזְרָ֣ח	mim·miz·rāḥ	Preposition-m; Noun - masculine singular	H4217 place of sunrise, east
and west	וּמִיָּ֔ם	ū·mî·yām	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m; Noun - masculine singular	H3220 sea
to the Amorites	וְהָאֱמֹרִ֧י	wə·hā·’ĕ·mō·rî	Conjunctive waw, Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H567 Amorites
Hittites	וְהַחִתִּ֛י	wə·ha·ḥit·tî	Conjunctive waw, Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H2850 Hittite(s)
Perizzites	וְהַפְּרִזִּ֥י	wə·hap·pə·riz·zî	Conjunctive waw, Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H6522 Perizzite
and Jebusites	וְהַיְבוּסִ֖י	wə·hay·ḇū·sî	Conjunctive waw, Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H2983 Jebusite, Jebusites
in the hill country	בָּהָ֑ר	bā·hār	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H2022 mountain, hill, hill-country
and to the Hivites	וְהַֽחִוִּי֙	wə·ha·ḥiw·wî	Conjunctive waw, Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H2340 Chivvite
at the foot of	תַּ֣חַת	ta·ḥaṯ	Preposition	H8478 the under part
Hermon	חֶרְמ֔וֹן	ḥer·mō·wn	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H2768 Hermon
in the land	בְּאֶ֖רֶץ	bə·’e·reṣ	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct	H776 earth, land
of Mizpah	הַמִּצְפָּֽה׃	ham·miṣ·pāh	Article; Noun - proper - feminine singular	H4709 Mitspah

Joshua 11:4

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
So	הֵ֗ם	hêm	Pronoun - third person masculine plural	H1992 they, them
came out	וַיֵּצְא֣וּ	way·yê·ṣə·’ū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H3318 go or come out
with	עִמָּ֔ם	‘im·mām	Preposition; third person masculine plural	H5973 with
all	וְכָל־	wə·ḵāl	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
their armies	מַֽחֲנֵיהֶם֙	ma·ḥă·nê·hem	Noun - common plural construct; third person masculine plural	H4264 encampment, camp
a multitude	עַם־	‘am-	Noun - masculine singular	H5971 people
as numerous	רָ֕ב	rāḇ	Adjective - masculine singular	H7227 much, many, great
as the sand	כַּח֛וֹל	ka·ḥō·wl	Preposition-k, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H2344 sand
on	עַל־	‘al-	Preposition	H5921 height
the seashore	שְׂפַת־	śə·p̄aṯ-	Noun - feminine singular construct	H8193 lip, speech, edge
along with a great number	רַב־	raḇ-	Adjective - masculine singular	H7227 much, many, great
of horses	וְס֥וּס	wə·sūs	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H5483 swallow or swift
and chariots	וָרֶ֖כֶב	wā·re·ḵeḇ	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H7393 chariotry, chariot, mill-stone

Joshua 11:5

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
All	כֹּ֖ל	kōl	Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
these	הָאֵ֑לֶּה	hā·’êl·leh	Article; Pronoun - common plural	H428 these
kings	הַמְּלָכִ֣ים	ham·mə·lā·ḵîm	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H4428 king
joined forces	וַיִּוָּ֣עֲד֔וּ	way·yiw·wā·‘ă·ḏū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H3259 appoint
and encamped	וַיַּחֲנ֤וּ	way·ya·ḥă·nū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H2583 decline, bend down, encamp
at	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
the waters	מֵ֣י	mê	Noun - masculine plural construct	H4325 water, juice, urine
of Merom	מֵר֔וֹם	mê·rō·wm	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H4792 Merom
to fight	לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם	lə·hil·lā·ḥêm	Preposition-l; Verb - Nifal - Infinitive construct	H3898 fight, do battle
against	עִם־	‘im-	Preposition	H5973 with
Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃פ	yiś·rā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel