Word study

Vindicate

3 Hebrew and 1 Greek words behind this English word

The original-language words that the Berean Standard Bible translates with one of these: vindicate, vindicated, vindicates. English often uses one word where Hebrew or Greek has several, each with its own shade of meaning. Under each word are verses where it is translated this way; choose the word itself for its full study: every verse, how else it is translated, the forms it takes and what the dictionaries say.

At a glance

How often each original word is translated “vindicate” or one of its forms.

Compare the Hebrew words side by side

Hebrew and Aramaic words (Old Testament)

  • שָׁפַט shâphaṭjudge, governtranslated this way 7 times of its 199 uses · Strong’s H8199Verb  ·  Translated: judge 81, judges 35, judged 15, vindicate 7

    Psalm 7:8 The LORD judges the peoples; vindicate me, O LORD, according to my righteousness and integrity.

    Lamentations 3:59 You have seen, O LORD, the wrong done to me; vindicate my cause!

    Full study and all 181 verses →
  • צָדַק tsâdaqbe just, righteoustranslated this way 6 times of its 41 uses · Strong’s H6663Verb  ·  Translated: righteous 8, more righteous 3, justify 3, justifying 3

    Job 11:2 “Should this stream of words go unanswered and such a speaker be vindicated?

    Isaiah 43:9 All the nations gather together and the peoples assemble. Who among them can declare this, and proclaim to us the former things? Let them present their witnesses to vindicate them, so that others may hear and say, “It is true.”

    Full study and all 40 verses →
  • דִּין dînjudgetranslated this way 4 times of its 23 uses · Strong’s H1777Verb  ·  Translated: judge 7, vindicate 3, contend 2, judges 2

    Genesis 30:6 Then Rachel said, “God has vindicated me; He has heard my plea and given me a son.” So she named him Dan.

    Deuteronomy 32:36 For the LORD will vindicate His people and have compassion on His servants when He sees that their strength is gone and no one remains, slave or free.

    Full study and all 23 verses →

Greek words (New Testament)

  • δικαιόω dikaióōI make righteous, defend the cause of, justifytranslated this way 4 times of its 39 uses · Strong’s G1344Verb  ·  Translated: justified 19, justify 5, vindicated 3, justifies 2

    Matthew 11:19 The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and they say, ‘Look at this glutton and drunkard, a friend of tax collectors and sinners!’ But wisdom is vindicated by her actions.”

    Luke 7:35 But wisdom is vindicated by all her children.”

    Full study and all 35 verses →
How to study a word well
  1. Start from the verse, not the dictionary. Find which Hebrew or Greek word stands in the verse you are studying. One English word often translates several different original words.
  2. Read every place the word is used. A word means what its writers used it to mean. The list of verses and the count by book show its range, and who uses it most.
  3. Look at how it is translated. A word rendered five different ways has a wider meaning than any one English word can carry.
  4. Notice the form. A command is not a statement, and a passive verb is something done to the subject. The form in your verse is part of the meaning.
  5. See what it keeps company with. The words that appear beside it again and again show how the Bible itself connects ideas.
  6. Then read the dictionaries. They give the considered view of scholars, with their evidence.
  7. Come back to the verse. Context decides. A word does not carry every one of its meanings into every verse, and where a word came from does not settle what it means in a sentence written centuries later.

Scripture text and translation counts: Berean Standard Bible. Full entry: Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906, public domain), in the digital edition Brown-Driver-Briggs Enhanced by unfoldingWord (Joel Ruark, J. de Joode), based on data by Eliran Wong and Stephen Ku; its additions are used under CC BY 4.0. Strong’s Hebrew Dictionary: Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible Project, CC BY 4.0. Hebrew-to-English verse numbering: original work of the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible available at https://github.com/openscriptures/morphhb, CC BY 4.0. We reformatted the data, linked the references to this site’s Bible text and left out words in other scripts that the source holds only as images. These are historical reference works; an entry gives its authors’ view, and a word’s meaning in any verse depends on how it is used there.