Daniel

Daniel 1:5–8

⁵The king assigned them daily provisions of the royal food and wine. They were to be trained for three years, after which they were to enter the king’s service.

⁶Among these young men were some from Judah: Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah. ⁷The chief official gave them new names: To Daniel he gave the name Belteshazzar; to Hananiah, Shadrach; to Mishael, Meshach; and to Azariah, Abednego.

⁸But Daniel made up his mind that he would not defile himself with the king’s food or wine. So he asked the chief official for permission not to defile himself.

Read all of Daniel 1

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

Daniel 1:5

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
The king	הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ	ham·me·leḵ	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H4428 king
assigned	וַיְמַן֩	way·man	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H4487 count, number, reckon, assign
them	לָהֶ֨ם	lā·hem	Preposition; third person masculine plural
daily	בְּיוֹמ֗וֹ	bə·yō·w·mōw	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H3117 day
provisions	דְּבַר־	də·ḇar-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H1697 speech, word
of the royal	הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	ham·me·leḵ	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H4428 king
food	בַּ֤ג	baḡ	Preposition; Noun - masculine singular construct	H6598 portion
and wine	וּמִיֵּ֣ין	ū·mî·yên	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m; Noun - masculine singular construct	H3196 wine
They were to be trained	וּֽלְגַדְּלָ֖ם	ū·lə·ḡad·də·lām	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct; third person masculine plural	H1431 grow up, become great
for three	שָׁל֑וֹשׁ	šā·lō·wōš	Number - feminine singular	H7969 a three, triad
years	שָׁנִ֣ים	šā·nîm	Noun - feminine plural	H8141 year
after which	וּמִ֨קְצָתָ֔ם	ū·miq·ṣā·ṯām	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m; Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine plural	H7117 end
they were to enter	יַֽעַמְד֖וּ	ya·‘am·ḏū	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural	H5975 take one's stand, stand
the king’s service	הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃	ham·me·leḵ	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H4428 king

Daniel 1:6

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Among these	בָהֶ֖ם	ḇā·hem	Preposition; third person masculine plural
were some	וַיְהִ֥י	way·hî	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
Judah	יְהוּדָ֑ה	yə·hū·ḏāh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3063 Judah
Daniel	דָּנִיֵּ֣אל	dā·nî·yêl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1841 Daniel
Hananiah	חֲנַנְיָ֔ה	ḥă·nan·yāh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H2608 Chananjah
Mishael	מִֽישָׁאֵ֖ל	mî·šā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H4332 Mishael
and Azariah	וַעֲזַרְיָֽה׃	wa·‘ă·zar·yāh	Conjunctive waw; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H5838 Azarjah

Daniel 1:7

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
The chief	שַׂ֥ר	śar	Noun - masculine singular construct	H8269 chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince
official	הַסָּרִיסִ֖ים	has·sā·rî·sîm	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H5631 eunuch
gave them	וַיָּ֧שֶׂם	way·yā·śem	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7760 put, place, set
new names	שֵׁמ֑וֹת	šê·mō·wṯ	Noun - masculine plural	H8034 name
To Daniel	לְדָֽנִיֵּ֜אל	lə·ḏā·nî·yêl	Preposition-l; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1841 Daniel
he gave	וַיָּ֨שֶׂם	way·yā·śem	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7760 put, place, set
the name Belteshazzar	בֵּ֣לְטְשַׁאצַּ֗ר	bê·lə·ṭə·šaṣ·ṣar	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1095 Belteshatstsar
to Hananiah	וְלַֽחֲנַנְיָה֙	wə·la·ḥă·nan·yāh	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H2608 Chananjah
Shadrach	שַׁדְרַ֔ךְ	šaḏ·raḵ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H7714 Shadrak
to Mishael	וּלְמִֽישָׁאֵ֣ל	ū·lə·mî·šā·’êl	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H4332 Mishael
Meshach	מֵישַׁ֔ךְ	mê·šaḵ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H4335 Meshak
and to Azariah	וְלַעֲזַרְיָ֖ה	wə·la·‘ă·zar·yāh	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H5838 Azarjah
Abednego	נְגֽוֹ׃	nə·ḡōw	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H5664 Abed-Nego

Daniel 1:8

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
But Daniel	דָּנִיֵּאל֙	dā·nî·yêl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1841 Daniel
made	וַיָּ֤שֶׂם	way·yā·śem	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7760 put, place, set
up	עַל־	‘al-	Preposition	H5921 height
his mind	לִבּ֔וֹ	lib·bōw	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H3820 inner man, mind, will, heart
that	אֲשֶׁ֧ר	’ă·šer	Pronoun - relative	H834 particle of relation
he would not	לֹֽא־	lō-	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
defile himself	יִתְגָּאַ֛ל	yiṯ·gā·’al	Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1351 defile
with the king’s	הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ	ham·me·leḵ	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H4428 king
food	בְּפַתְבַּ֥ג	bə·p̄aṯ·baḡ	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct	H6598 portion
or wine	וּבְיֵ֣ין	ū·ḇə·yên	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct	H3196 wine
So he asked	וַיְבַקֵּשׁ֙	way·ḇaq·qêš	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1245 seek
the chief	מִשַּׂ֣ר	miś·śar	Preposition-m; Noun - masculine singular construct	H8269 chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince
official	הַסָּרִיסִ֔ים	has·sā·rî·sîm	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H5631 eunuch
for permission	אֲשֶׁ֖ר	’ă·šer	Pronoun - relative	H834 particle of relation
not	לֹ֥א	lō	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
to defile himself	יִתְגָּאָֽל׃	yiṯ·gā·’āl	Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1351 defile