Esther

Esther 3:12–14

12On the thirteenth day of the first month, the royal scribes were summoned and the order was written exactly as Haman commanded the royal satraps, the governors of each province, and the officials of each people, in the script of each province and the language of every people. It was written in the name of King Xerxes and sealed with the royal signet ring.

13And the letters were sent by couriers to each of the royal provinces with the order to destroy, kill, and annihilate all the Jews— young and old, women and children— and to plunder their possessions on a single day, the thirteenth day of Adar, the twelfth month.

14A copy of the text of the edict was to be issued in every province and published to all the people, so that they would be ready on that day.

Read all of Esther 3

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

Esther 3:12

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
On the thirteenthבִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֨הbiš·lō·wō·šāhPreposition-b; Number - masculine singularH7969 a three, triad
dayיוֹם֮yō·wmNoun - masculine singularH3117 day
of the firstהָרִאשׁ֗וֹןhā·ri·šō·wnArticle; Adjective - masculine singularH7223 former, first, chief
monthבַּחֹ֣דֶשׁba·ḥō·ḏešPreposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singularH2320 (newness), new moon, month
the royalהַמֶּ֜לֶךְham·me·leḵArticle; Noun - masculine singularH4428 king
scribesסֹפְרֵ֨יsō·p̄ə·rêNoun - masculine plural constructH5613 secretary, scribe
were summonedוַיִּקָּרְאוּ֩way·yiq·qā·rə·’ūConjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH7121 call, proclaim, read
and the order was writtenוַיִּכָּתֵ֣בway·yik·kā·ṯêḇConjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH3789 write
exactly asכְּֽכָל־kə·ḵāl-Preposition-k; Noun - masculine singular constructH3605 the whole, all
Hamanהָמָ֡ןhā·mānNoun - proper - masculine singularH2001 Haman
commandedצִוָּ֣הṣiw·wāhVerb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singularH6680 lay charge (upon), give charge (to), charge, command, order
the royalהַ֠מֶּלֶךְham·me·leḵArticle; Noun - masculine singularH4428 king
satrapsאֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנֵֽי־’ă·ḥaš·dar·pə·nê-Noun - masculine plural constructH323 satrap, governor
the governorsהַפַּח֞וֹתhap·pa·ḥō·wṯArticle; Noun - masculine pluralH6346 governor
of each provinceמְדִינָ֣הmə·ḏî·nāhNoun - feminine singularH4082 province
and the officialsשָׂ֤רֵיśā·rêNoun - masculine plural constructH8269 chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince
of eachעַם֙‘amNoun - masculine singularH5971 people
peopleוָעָ֔םwā·‘āmConjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singularH5971 people
in the scriptכִּכְתָבָ֔הּkiḵ·ṯā·ḇāhPreposition-k; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person feminine singularH3791 writing
of each provinceוּמְדִינָה֙ū·mə·ḏî·nāhConjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singularH4082 province
and the languageכִּלְשׁוֹנ֑וֹkil·šō·w·nōwPreposition-k; Noun - common singular construct; third person masculine singularH3956 tongue
of every peopleוָעָ֖םwā·‘āmConjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singularH5971 people
It was writtenנִכְתָּ֔בniḵ·tāḇVerb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singularH3789 write
in the nameבְּשֵׁ֨םbə·šêmPreposition-b; Noun - masculine singular constructH8034 name
of Kingהַמֶּ֤לֶךְham·me·leḵArticle; Noun - masculine singularH4428 king
Xerxesאֲחַשְׁוֵרֹשׁ֙’ă·ḥaš·wê·rōšNoun - proper - masculine singularH325 Ahasuerus
and sealedוְנֶחְתָּ֖םwə·neḥ·tāmConjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singularH2856 seal, affix seal, seal up
with the royalהַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ham·me·leḵArticle; Noun - masculine singularH4428 king
signet ringבְּטַבַּ֥עַתbə·ṭab·ba·‘aṯPreposition-b; Noun - feminine singular constructH2885 signet, signet-ring, ring

Esther 3:13

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
And the lettersסְפָרִ֜יםsə·p̄ā·rîmNoun - masculine pluralH5612 missive, document, writing, book
were sentוְנִשְׁל֨וֹחַwə·niš·lō·w·aḥConjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Infinitive absoluteH7971 send
byבְּיַ֣דbə·yaḏPreposition-b; Noun - feminine singular constructH3027 hand
couriersהָרָצִים֮hā·rā·ṣîmArticle; Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine pluralH7323 run
toאֶל־’el-PrepositionH413 motion to
eachכָּל־kāl-Noun - masculine singular constructH3605 the whole, all
of the royalהַמֶּלֶךְ֒ham·me·leḵArticle; Noun - masculine singularH4428 king
provincesמְדִינ֣וֹתmə·ḏî·nō·wṯNoun - feminine plural constructH4082 province
with the order to destroyלְהַשְׁמִ֡ידlə·haš·mîḏPreposition-l; Verb - Hifil - Infinitive constructH8045 be exterminated, destroyed
killלַהֲרֹ֣גla·hă·rōḡPreposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructH2026 kill, slay
and annihilateוּלְאַבֵּ֣דū·lə·’ab·bêḏConjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Verb - Piel - Infinitive constructH6 perish
allכָּל־kāl-Noun - masculine singular constructH3605 the whole, all
the Jewsהַ֠יְּהוּדִיםhay·yə·hū·ḏîmArticle; Noun - proper - masculine pluralH3064 Jewish
youngמִנַּ֨עַרmin·na·‘arPreposition-m; Noun - masculine singularH5288 a shaking, scattering
andוְעַד־wə·‘aḏ-Conjunctive waw; PrepositionH5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while
oldזָקֵ֜ןzā·qênAdjective - masculine singularH2205 old
womenוְנָשִׁים֙wə·nā·šîmConjunctive waw; Noun - feminine pluralH802 woman, wife, female
and childrenטַ֤ףṭap̄Noun - masculine singularH2945 children
and to plunderלָבֽוֹז׃lā·ḇō·wzPreposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructH962 spoil, plunder
their possessionsוּשְׁלָלָ֖םū·šə·lā·lāmConjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine pluralH7998 prey, spoil, plunder, booty
on a singleאֶחָ֔ד’e·ḥāḏNumber - masculine singularH259 one
dayבְּי֣וֹםbə·yō·wmPreposition-b; Noun - masculine singularH3117 day
the thirteenthבִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֥הbiš·lō·wō·šāhPreposition-b; Number - masculine singularH7969 a three, triad
day of Adarאֲדָ֑ר’ă·ḏārNoun - proper - feminine singularH143 Adar
the twelfthשְׁנֵים־šə·nêm-Number - mdH8147 two
monthחֹ֣דֶשׁḥō·ḏešNoun - masculine singular constructH2320 (newness), new moon, month

Esther 3:14

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
A copyפַּתְשֶׁ֣גֶןpaṯ·še·ḡenNoun - masculine singular constructH6572 copy
of the textהַכְּתָ֗בhak·kə·ṯāḇArticle; Noun - masculine singularH3791 writing
of the edictדָּת֙dāṯNoun - feminine singularH1881 decree, law, usage
was to be issuedלְהִנָּ֤תֵֽןlə·hin·nā·ṯênPreposition-l; Verb - Nifal - Infinitive constructH5414 give, put, set
in everyבְּכָל־bə·ḵālPreposition-b; Noun - masculine singular constructH3605 the whole, all
provinceמְדִינָ֣הmə·ḏî·nāhNoun - feminine singularH4082 province
and publishedגָּל֖וּיgā·luiVerb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singularH1540 uncover, remove
to allלְכָל־lə·ḵālPreposition-l; Noun - masculine singular constructH3605 the whole, all
the peopleהָֽעַמִּ֑יםhā·‘am·mîmArticle; Noun - masculine pluralH5971 people
so that they would be readyעֲתִדִ֖ים‘ă·ṯi·ḏîmAdjective - masculine singularH6264 ready, prepared
on thatהַזֶּֽה׃haz·zehArticle; Pronoun - masculine singularH2088 this, that
dayלַיּ֥וֹםlay·yō·wmPreposition-l, Article; Noun - masculine singularH3117 day

Cross-references

Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.

Esther 3:12 1 Kings 21:8 · Esther 1:22

Esther 3:13 2 Chronicles 30:6 · Esther 9:10 · Esther 8:10–14 · 1 Samuel 15:3

Esther 3:14 Esther 8:13–14

Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.

Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.