Isaiah

Isaiah 23:1–6

¹This is the burden against Tyre:

Wail, O ships of Tarshish,^a

for Tyre is laid waste,

without house or harbor.

Word has reached them

from the land of Cyprus.^b

²Be silent, O dwellers of the coastland,

you merchants of Sidon,

whose traders have crossed the sea.^c

³On the great waters

came the grain of Shihor;

the harvest of the Nile was the revenue of Tyre;

she was the merchant of the nations.

⁴Be ashamed, O Sidon, the stronghold of the sea,

for the sea has spoken:

“I have not been in labor

or given birth.

I have not raised young men

or brought up young women.”

⁵When the report reaches Egypt,

they will writhe in agony over the news of Tyre.

⁶Cross over to Tarshish;

wail, O inhabitants of the coastland!

Footnotes

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
the burden	מַשָּׂ֖א	maś·śā	Noun - masculine singular construct	H4853 load, burden, lifting, bearing, tribute
against Tyre	צֹ֑ר	ṣōr	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H6865 Tyre
Wail	הֵילִ֣ילוּ׀	hê·lî·lū	Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine plural	H3213 howl, make a howling
O ships	אֳנִיּ֣וֹת	’o·nî·yō·wṯ	Noun - feminine plural construct	H591 a ship
of Tarshish	תַּרְשִׁ֗ישׁ	tar·šîš	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H8659 Tarshish
for	כִּֽי־	kî-	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
is laid waste	שֻׁדַּ֤ד	šud·daḏ	Verb - Pual - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H7703 deal violently with, despoil, devastate, ruin
without house	מִבַּ֙יִת֙	mib·ba·yiṯ	Preposition-m; Noun - masculine singular	H1004 house
harbor	מִבּ֔וֹא	mib·bō·w	Preposition-m; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H935 come in, come, go in, go
Word has reached	נִגְלָה־	niḡ·lāh-	Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H1540 uncover, remove
them	לָֽמוֹ׃	lā·mōw	Preposition; third person masculine plural
from the land	מֵאֶ֥רֶץ	mê·’e·reṣ	Preposition-m; Noun - feminine singular construct	H776 earth, land
of Cyprus	כִּתִּ֖ים	kit·tîm	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H3794 Cypriotes

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Be silent	דֹּ֖מּוּ	dōm·mū	Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural	H1826 be or grow dumb, silent, still
O dwellers	יֹ֣שְׁבֵי	yō·šə·ḇê	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct	H3427 sit, remain, dwell
of the coastland	אִ֑י	’î	Noun - masculine singular	H339 coast, region
you merchants	סֹחֵ֥ר	sō·ḥêr	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular construct	H5503 travel round, palpitate
of Sidon	צִיד֛וֹן	ṣî·ḏō·wn	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H6721 Sidon
whose traders	עֹבֵ֥ר	‘ō·ḇêr	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular	H5674 pass over, through, by, pass on
have crossed	מִלְאֽוּךְ׃	mil·’ūḵ	Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person common plural; second person feminine singular	H4390 be full, fill
the sea	יָ֖ם	yām	Noun - masculine singular	H3220 sea

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
On the great	רַבִּים֙	rab·bîm	Adjective - masculine plural	H7227 much, many, great
waters	וּבְמַ֤יִם	ū·ḇə·ma·yim	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b; Noun - masculine plural	H4325 water, juice, urine
came the grain	זֶ֣רַע	ze·ra‘	Noun - masculine singular construct	H2233 sowing, seed, offspring
of Shihor	שִׁחֹ֔ר	ši·ḥōr	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H7883 Shichor
the harvest	קְצִ֥יר	qə·ṣîr	Noun - masculine singular construct	H7105 harvesting, harvest
of the Nile	יְא֖וֹר	yə·’ō·wr	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H2975 stream
was the revenue of Tyre	תְּבֽוּאָתָ֑הּ	tə·ḇū·’ā·ṯāh	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person feminine singular	H8393 product, revenue
she was	וַתְּהִ֖י	wat·tə·hî	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
the merchant	סְחַ֥ר	sə·ḥar	Noun - masculine singular construct	H5504 traffic, gain
of the nations	גּוֹיִֽם׃	gō·w·yim	Noun - masculine plural	H1471 nation, people

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Be ashamed	בּ֣וֹשִׁי	bō·wō·šî	Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular	H954 be ashamed
O Sidon	צִיד֔וֹן	ṣî·ḏō·wn	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H6721 Sidon
the stronghold	מָע֥וֹז	mā·‘ō·wz	Noun - masculine singular construct	H4581 place or means of safety, protection
of the sea	יָ֔ם	yām	Noun - masculine singular	H3220 sea
for	כִּֽי־	kî-	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
the sea	הַיָּ֖ם	hay·yām	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3220 sea
has spoken	אָמַ֣ר	’ā·mar	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H559 utter, say
I have not	לֹֽא־	lō-	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
been in labor	חַ֣לְתִּי	ḥal·tî	Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular	H2342 whirl, dance, writhe
or given birth	יָלַ֗דְתִּי	yā·laḏ·tî	Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular	H3205 bear, bring forth, beget
I have not	וְלֹֽא־	wə·lō-	Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
raised	גִדַּ֛לְתִּי	ḡid·dal·tî	Verb - Piel - Perfect - first person common singular	H1431 grow up, become great
young men	בַּחוּרִ֖ים	ba·ḥū·rîm	Noun - masculine plural	H970 young man
or brought up	רוֹמַ֥מְתִּי	rō·w·mam·tî	Verb - Piel - Perfect - first person common singular	H7311 be high, exalted, rise
young women	בְתוּלֽוֹת׃	ḇə·ṯū·lō·wṯ	Noun - feminine plural	H1330 virgin

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
When	כַּֽאֲשֶׁר־	ka·’ă·šer-	Preposition-k; Pronoun - relative	H834 particle of relation
the report	שֵׁ֖מַע	šê·ma‘	Noun - masculine singular	H8088 sound
Egypt	לְמִצְרָ֑יִם	lə·miṣ·rā·yim	Preposition-l; Noun - proper - feminine singular	H4714 Egypt, Egyptians
they will writhe in agony	יָחִ֖ילוּ	yā·ḥî·lū	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural	H2342 whirl, dance, writhe
over the news	כְּשֵׁ֥מַע	kə·šê·ma‘	Preposition-k; Noun - masculine singular construct	H8088 sound
of Tyre	צֹֽר׃	ṣōr	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H6865 Tyre

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Cross over	עִבְר֖וּ	‘iḇ·rū	Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural	H5674 pass over, through, by, pass on
to Tarshish	תַּרְשִׁ֑ישָׁה	tar·šî·šāh	Noun - proper - feminine singular; third person feminine singular	H8659 Tarshish
wail	הֵילִ֖ילוּ	hê·lî·lū	Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine plural	H3213 howl, make a howling
O inhabitants	יֹ֥שְׁבֵי	yō·šə·ḇê	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct	H3427 sit, remain, dwell
of the coastland	אִֽי׃	’î	Noun - masculine singular	H339 coast, region