Psalms

Psalm 18:37–41

³⁷I pursued my enemies and overtook them;

I did not turn back until they were consumed.

³⁸I crushed them so they could not rise;

they have fallen under my feet.

³⁹You have armed me with strength for battle;

You have subdued my foes beneath me.

⁴⁰You have made my enemies retreat before me;

I destroyed those who hated me.

⁴¹They cried for help, but there was no one to save them —

to the LORD, but He did not answer.

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
I pursued	אֶרְדּ֣וֹף	’er·dō·wp̄	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular	H7291 pursue, chase, persecute
my enemies	א֭וֹיְבַי	’ō·wy·ḇay	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct; first person common singular	H341 be hostile to
and overtook them	וְאַשִּׂיגֵ֑ם	wə·’aś·śî·ḡêm	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive imperfect - first person common singular; third person masculine plural	H5381 reach, overtake
I did not	וְלֹֽא־	wə·lō-	Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
turn back	אָ֝שׁוּב	ʾå̄·šūḇ	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular	H7725 turn back, return
until	עַד־	‘aḏ-	Preposition	H5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while
they were consumed	כַּלּוֹתָֽם׃	kal·lō·w·ṯām	Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct; third person masculine plural	H3615 be complete, at an end, finished, accomplished, spent

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
I crushed them	אֶ֭מְחָצֵם	’em·ḥā·ṣêm	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular; third person masculine plural	H4272 smite through, wound severely, shatter
so they could not	וְלֹא־	wə·lō-	Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
rise	ק֑וּם	qūm	Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H6965 arise, stand up, stand
they have fallen	יִ֝פְּל֗וּ	yip·pə·lū	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural	H5307 fall, lie
under	תַּ֣חַת	ta·ḥaṯ	Preposition	H8478 the under part
my feet	רַגְלָֽי׃	raḡ·lāy	Noun - feminine dual construct; first person common singular	H7272 foot

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
You have armed me	וַתְּאַזְּרֵ֣נִי	wat·tə·’az·zə·rê·nî	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - second person masculine singular; first person common singular	H247 gird, encompass, equip
with strength	חַ֭יִל	ḥa·yil	Noun - masculine singular	H2428 strength, efficiency, wealth, army
for battle	לַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה	lam·mil·ḥā·māh	Preposition-l, Article; Noun - feminine singular	H4421 battle, war
You have subdued	תַּכְרִ֖יעַ	taḵ·rî·a‘	Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine singular	H3766 bow down
my foes	קָמַ֣י	qā·may	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct; first person common singular	H6965 arise, stand up, stand
beneath me	תַּחְתָּֽי׃	taḥ·tāy	Preposition; first person common singular	H8478 the under part

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
You have made	נָתַ֣תָּה	nā·ṯat·tāh	Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular	H5414 give, put, set
my enemies	וְֽאֹיְבַ֗י	wə·’ō·yə·ḇay	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct; first person common singular	H341 be hostile to
retreat	עֹ֑רֶף	‘ō·rep̄	Noun - masculine singular	H6203 back of neck, neck
before me	לִּ֣י	lî	Preposition; first person common singular
I destroyed	אַצְמִיתֵֽם׃	’aṣ·mî·ṯêm	Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - first person common singular; third person masculine plural	H6789 put an end to, exterminate
those who hated me	וּ֝מְשַׂנְאַ֗י	ū·mə·śan·’ay	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine plural construct; first person common singular	H8130 hate

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
They cried for help	יְשַׁוְּע֥וּ	yə·šaw·wə·‘ū	Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine plural	H7768 cry out for help
but	וְאֵין־	wə·’ên-	Conjunctive waw; Adverb	H369 nothing, nought
to save them	מוֹשִׁ֑יעַ	mō·wō·šî·a‘	Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular	H3467 deliver
to	עַל־	‘al-	Preposition	H5921 height
the LORD	יְ֝הוָ֗ה	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
but He did not	וְלֹ֣א	wə·lō	Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
answer	עָנָֽם׃	‘ā·nām	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular; third person masculine plural	H6030 answer, respond