1 Samuel

1 Samuel 8:11–18

¹¹He said, “This will be the manner of the king who will reign over you: He will take your sons and appoint them to serve his own chariots and horses, and to run in front of his chariots.

¹²He will appoint some for himself as commanders of thousands and of fifties, and others to plow his ground, to reap his harvest, and to make his weapons of war and equipment for his chariots.

¹³And he will take your daughters to be perfumers, cooks, and bakers.

¹⁴He will take the best of your fields and vineyards and olive groves and give them to his servants. ¹⁵He will take a tenth of your grain and grape harvest and give it to his officials and servants. ¹⁶And he will take your menservants and maidservants and your best cattle^b and donkeys and put them to his own use.

¹⁷He will take a tenth of your flocks, and you yourselves will become his slaves. ¹⁸When that day comes, you will beg for relief from the king you have chosen, but the LORD will not answer you on that day.”

Footnotes

b 8:16 LXX; Hebrew your best young men

Read all of 1 Samuel 8

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

1 Samuel 8:11

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
He said	וַיֹּ֕אמֶר	way·yō·mer	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H559 utter, say
This	זֶ֗ה	zeh	Pronoun - masculine singular	H2088 this, that
will be	יִֽהְיֶה֙	yih·yeh	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
the manner	מִשְׁפַּ֣ט	miš·paṭ	Noun - masculine singular construct	H4941 judgment
of the king	הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ	ham·me·leḵ	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H4428 king
who	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	’ă·šer	Pronoun - relative	H834 particle of relation
will reign	יִמְלֹ֖ךְ	yim·lōḵ	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H4427 be or become king, or queen, reign
over you	עֲלֵיכֶ֑ם	‘ă·lê·ḵem	Preposition; second person masculine plural	H5921 height
He will take	יִקָּ֗ח	yiq·qāḥ	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H3947 take
your sons	בְּנֵיכֶ֣ם	bə·nê·ḵem	Noun - masculine plural construct; second person masculine plural	H1121 son
and appoint	וְשָׂ֥ם	wə·śām	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H7760 put, place, set
to serve	לוֹ֙	lōw	Preposition; third person masculine singular
his own chariots	בְּמֶרְכַּבְתּ֣וֹ	bə·mer·kaḇ·tōw	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H4818 chariot
and horses	וּבְפָרָשָׁ֔יו	ū·ḇə·p̄ā·rā·šāw	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b; Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H6571 horse, steed
and to run	וְרָצ֖וּ	wə·rā·ṣū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural	H7323 run
in front of	לִפְנֵ֥י	lip̄·nê	Preposition-l; Noun - common plural construct	H6440 face, before
his chariots	מֶרְכַּבְתּֽוֹ׃	mer·kaḇ·tōw	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H4818 chariot

1 Samuel 8:12

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
He will appoint	וְלָשׂ֣וּם	wə·lā·śūm	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H7760 put, place, set
some for himself	ל֔וֹ	lōw	Preposition; third person masculine singular
as commanders	שָׂרֵ֥י	śā·rê	Noun - masculine plural construct	H8269 chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince
of thousands	אֲלָפִ֖ים	’ă·lā·p̄îm	Number - masculine plural	H505 thousand
and of	וְשָׂרֵ֣י	wə·śā·rê	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural construct	H8269 chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince
fifties	חֲמִשִּׁ֑ים	ḥă·miš·šîm	Number - common plural	H2572 fifty
and others to plow	וְלַחֲרֹ֤שׁ	wə·la·ḥă·rōš	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H2790 cut in, engrave, plough, devise
his ground	חֲרִישׁוֹ֙	ḥă·rî·šōw	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H2758 ploughing, ploughing-time
to reap	וְלִקְצֹ֣ר	wə·liq·ṣōr	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H7114 be short
his harvest	קְצִיר֔וֹ	qə·ṣî·rōw	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H7105 harvesting, harvest
and to make	וְלַעֲשׂ֥וֹת	wə·la·‘ă·śō·wṯ	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H6213 do, make
his weapons	כְּלֵֽי־	kə·lê-	Noun - masculine plural construct	H3627 article, utensil, vessel
of war	מִלְחַמְתּ֖וֹ	mil·ḥam·tōw	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H4421 battle, war
and equipment	וּכְלֵ֥י	ū·ḵə·lê	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural construct	H3627 article, utensil, vessel
for his chariots	רִכְבּֽוֹ׃	riḵ·bōw	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H7393 chariotry, chariot, mill-stone

1 Samuel 8:13

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
And	וְאֶת־	wə·’eṯ-	Conjunctive waw; Direct object marker	H853 mark of the accusative
he will take	יִקָּ֑ח	yiq·qāḥ	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H3947 take
your daughters	בְּנוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם	bə·nō·w·ṯê·ḵem	Noun - feminine plural construct; second person masculine plural	H1323 daughter
perfumers	לְרַקָּח֥וֹת	lə·raq·qā·ḥō·wṯ	Preposition-l; Noun - feminine plural	H7548 ointment-maker, perfumer
cooks	וּלְטַבָּח֖וֹת	ū·lə·ṭab·bā·ḥō·wṯ	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Noun - feminine plural	H2879 female cook
and bakers	וּלְאֹפֽוֹת׃	ū·lə·’ō·p̄ō·wṯ	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine plural	H644 bake

1 Samuel 8:14

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
He will take	יִקָּ֑ח	yiq·qāḥ	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H3947 take
the best	הַטּוֹבִ֖ים	haṭ·ṭō·w·ḇîm	Article; Adjective - masculine plural	H2896 pleasant, agreeable, good
of your fields	שְׂ֠דֽוֹתֵיכֶם	śə·d̲ô·t̲ê·k̲em	Noun - masculine plural construct; second person masculine plural	H7704 id.
and	וְאֶת־	wə·’e·ṯś-	Conjunctive waw; Direct object marker	H853 mark of the accusative
vineyards	כַּרְמֵיכֶ֧ם	kar·mê·ḵem	Noun - masculine plural construct; second person masculine plural	H3754 vineyard
and olive groves	וְזֵיתֵיכֶ֛ם	wə·zê·ṯê·ḵem	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural construct; second person masculine plural	H2132 olive-tree, olive
and give them	וְנָתַ֖ן	wə·nā·ṯan	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H5414 give, put, set
to his servants	לַעֲבָדָֽיו׃	la·‘ă·ḇā·ḏāw	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H5650 slave, servant

1 Samuel 8:15

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
He will take a tenth	יַעְשֹׂ֑ר	ya‘·śōr	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H6237 take the tenth of, tithe
of your grain	וְזַרְעֵיכֶ֥ם	wə·zar·‘ê·ḵem	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural construct; second person masculine plural	H2233 sowing, seed, offspring
and grape harvest	וְכַרְמֵיכֶ֖ם	wə·ḵar·mê·ḵem	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural construct; second person masculine plural	H3754 vineyard
and give it	וְנָתַ֥ן	wə·nā·ṯan	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H5414 give, put, set
to his officials	לְסָרִיסָ֖יו	lə·sā·rî·sāw	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H5631 eunuch
and servants	וְלַעֲבָדָֽיו׃	wə·la·‘ă·ḇā·ḏāw	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H5650 slave, servant

1 Samuel 8:16

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
And	וְאֶת־	wə·’eṯ-	Conjunctive waw; Direct object marker	H853 mark of the accusative
he will take	יִקָּ֑ח	yiq·qāḥ	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H3947 take
your menservants	עַבְדֵיכֶם֩	‘aḇ·ḏê·ḵem	Noun - masculine plural construct; second person masculine plural	H5650 slave, servant
and	וְֽאֶת־	wə·’eṯ-	Conjunctive waw; Direct object marker	H853 mark of the accusative
maidservants	שִׁפְח֨וֹתֵיכֶ֜ם	šip̄·ḥō·w·ṯê·ḵem	Noun - feminine plural construct; second person masculine plural	H8198 maid, maid-servant
and	וְאֶת־	wə·’eṯ-	Conjunctive waw; Direct object marker	H853 mark of the accusative
your best	הַטּוֹבִ֛ים	haṭ·ṭō·w·ḇîm	Article; Adjective - masculine plural	H2896 pleasant, agreeable, good
cattle	בַּחוּרֵיכֶ֧ם	ba·ḥū·rê·ḵem	Noun - masculine plural construct; second person masculine plural	H970 young man
and donkeys	חֲמוֹרֵיכֶ֖ם	ḥă·mō·w·rê·ḵem	Noun - masculine plural construct; second person masculine plural	H2543 heap
and put	וְעָשָׂ֖ה	wə·‘ā·śāh	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H6213 do, make
to his own use	לִמְלַאכְתּֽוֹ׃	lim·laḵ·tōw	Preposition-l; Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H4399 occupation, work

1 Samuel 8:17

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
He will take a tenth	יַעְשֹׂ֑ר	ya‘·śōr	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H6237 take the tenth of, tithe
of your flocks	צֹאנְכֶ֖ם	ṣō·nə·ḵem	Noun - feminine singular construct; second person masculine plural	H6629 small cattle, sheep and goats, flock, flocks
and you yourselves	וְאַתֶּ֖ם	wə·’at·tem	Conjunctive waw; Pronoun - second person masculine plural	H859 thou
will become	תִּֽהְיוּ־	tih·yū-	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
his	ל֥וֹ	lōw	Preposition; third person masculine singular
slaves	לַעֲבָדִֽים׃	la·‘ă·ḇā·ḏîm	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine plural	H5650 slave, servant

1 Samuel 8:18

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
When that	הַה֔וּא	ha·hū	Article; Pronoun - third person masculine singular	H1931 he, she
day comes	בַּיּ֣וֹם	bay·yō·wm	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3117 day
you will beg	וּזְעַקְתֶּם֙	ū·zə·‘aq·tem	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural	H2199 cry, cry out, call
for relief from	מִלִּפְנֵ֣י	mil·lip̄·nê	Preposition-m, Preposition-l; Noun - common plural construct	H6440 face, before
the king	מַלְכְּכֶ֔ם	mal·kə·ḵem	Noun - masculine singular construct; second person masculine plural	H4428 king
you have chosen	בְּחַרְתֶּ֖ם	bə·ḥar·tem	Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine plural	H977 choose
but the LORD	יְהוָ֛ה	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
will not	וְלֹֽא־	wə·lō-	Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
answer you	יַעֲנֶ֧ה	ya·‘ă·neh	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H6030 answer, respond
on that	הַהֽוּא׃	ha·hū	Article; Pronoun - third person masculine singular	H1931 he, she
day	בַּיּ֥וֹם	bay·yō·wm	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3117 day

Cross-references

Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.

1 Samuel 8:11 1 Samuel 14:52 · 1 Samuel 10:25 · 2 Samuel 15:1 · Deuteronomy 17:14–20 · 1 Kings 10:26

1 Samuel 8:14 Ezekiel 46:18 · 1 Kings 21:7

1 Samuel 8:18 Micah 3:4 · Isaiah 1:15 · Proverbs 1:25–28 · Isaiah 8:21

Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.

Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.