Isaiah
Isaiah 28:1–4
1Woe to the majestic crown of Ephraim’sa drunkards,
to the fading flower of his glorious splendor,
set on the summit above the fertile valley,
the pride of those overcome by wine.
2Behold, the Lord has one
who is strong and mighty.
Like a hailstorm or destructive tempest,
like a driving rain or flooding downpour,
he will smash that crown to the ground.
3The majestic crown of Ephraim’s drunkards
will be trampled underfoot.
4The fading flower of his beautiful splendor,
set on the summit above the fertile valley,
will be like a ripe fig before the summer harvest:
Whoever sees it will take it in his hand and swallow it.
Footnotes
- a 28:1 That is, the northern kingdom of Israel; also in verse 3
Word by word
Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.
Isaiah 28:1
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Woe | ה֗וֹי | hō·w | Interjection | H1945 Ah, Alas, Ha |
| to the majestic | גֵּאוּת֙ | gê·’ūṯ | Noun - feminine singular construct | H1348 majesty |
| crown | עֲטֶ֤רֶת | ‘ă·ṭe·reṯ | Noun - feminine singular construct | H5850 crown, wreath |
| of Ephraim’s | אֶפְרַ֔יִם | ’ep̄·ra·yim | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H669 Ephraim |
| drunkards | שִׁכֹּרֵ֣י | šik·kō·rê | Adjective - masculine plural construct | H7910 drunken |
| to the fading | נֹבֵ֖ל | nō·ḇêl | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular | H5034 be senseless, foolish |
| flower | וְצִ֥יץ | wə·ṣîṣ | Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular | H6731 blossom, flower. |
| of his glorious | צְבִ֣י | ṣə·ḇî | Noun - masculine singular construct | H6643 beauty, honour |
| splendor | תִפְאַרְתּ֑וֹ | ṯip̄·’ar·tōw | Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H8597 beauty, glory |
| set | אֲשֶׁ֛ר | ’ă·šer | Pronoun - relative | H834 particle of relation |
| on | עַל־ | ‘al- | Preposition | H5921 height |
| the summit | רֹ֥אשׁ | rōš | Noun - masculine singular construct | H7218 head |
| above the fertile | שְׁמָנִ֖ים | šə·mā·nîm | Noun - masculine plural | H8081 fat, oil |
| valley | גֵּֽיא־ | gê- | Noun - common singular construct | H1516 valley |
| of those overcome | הֲל֥וּמֵי | hă·lū·mê | Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine plural construct | H1986 smite, hammer, strike down |
| by wine | יָֽיִן׃ | yā·yin | Noun - masculine singular | H3196 wine |
Isaiah 28:2
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Behold | הִנֵּ֨ה | hin·nêh | Interjection | H2009 lo! behold! |
| the Lord | לַֽאדֹנָ֔י | la·ḏō·nāy | Preposition-l; Noun - proper - masculine singular | H136 lord |
| strong | חָזָ֤ק | ḥā·zāq | Adjective - masculine singular | H2389 strong, stout, mighty |
| and mighty | וְאַמִּץ֙ | wə·’am·miṣ | Conjunctive waw; Adjective - masculine singular | H533 be stout, strong, bold, alert |
| Like a hailstorm | בָּרָ֖ד | bā·rāḏ | Noun - masculine singular | H1259 hail |
| or destructive | קָ֑טֶב | qā·ṭeḇ | Noun - masculine singular | H6986 destruction |
| tempest | שַׂ֣עַר | śa·‘ar | Noun - masculine singular construct | H8178 horror |
| like a driving rain | כְּ֠זֶרֶם | kə·ze·rem | Preposition-k; Noun - masculine singular construct | H2230 flood of rain, rain-storm, downpour |
| or flooding downpour | כַּבִּירִ֥ים | kab·bî·rîm | Adjective - masculine plural | H3524 great, mighty, much |
| he will smash | הִנִּ֥יחַ | hin·nî·aḥ | Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H5117 rest |
| to the ground | לָאָ֖רֶץ | lā·’ā·reṣ | Preposition-l, Article; Noun - feminine singular | H776 earth, land |
Isaiah 28:3
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The majestic | גֵּא֖וּת | gê·’ūṯ | Noun - feminine singular construct | H1348 majesty |
| crown | עֲטֶ֥רֶת | ‘ă·ṭe·reṯ | Noun - feminine singular construct | H5850 crown, wreath |
| of Ephraim’s | אֶפְרָֽיִם׃ | ’ep̄·rā·yim | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H669 Ephraim |
| drunkards | שִׁכּוֹרֵ֥י | šik·kō·w·rê | Adjective - masculine plural construct | H7910 drunken |
| will be trampled underfoot | תֵּֽרָמַ֑סְנָה | tê·rā·mas·nāh | Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person feminine plural | H7429 trample |
Isaiah 28:4
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The fading | נֹבֵל֙ | nō·ḇêl | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular | H5034 be senseless, foolish |
| flower | צִיצַ֤ת | ṣî·ṣaṯ | Noun - feminine singular construct | H6733 flower |
| of his beautiful | צְבִ֣י | ṣə·ḇî | Noun - masculine singular construct | H6643 beauty, honour |
| splendor | תִפְאַרְתּ֔וֹ | ṯip̄·’ar·tōw | Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H8597 beauty, glory |
| on | עַל־ | ‘al- | Preposition | H5921 height |
| the summit | רֹ֖אשׁ | rōš | Noun - masculine singular construct | H7218 head |
| above the fertile | שְׁמָנִ֑ים | šə·mā·nîm | Noun - masculine plural | H8081 fat, oil |
| valley | גֵּ֣יא | gê | Noun - common singular construct | H1516 valley |
| will be | וְֽהָ֨יְתָ֜ה | wə·hā·yə·ṯāh | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person feminine singular | H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be |
| like a ripe fig | כְּבִכּוּרָהּ֙ | kə·ḇik·kū·rå̄h | Preposition-k; Noun - feminine singular | H1063 first ripe fig, early fig |
| before | בְּטֶ֣רֶם | bə·ṭe·rem | Preposition-b; Adverb | H2962 not yet, ere, before that |
| the summer harvest | קַ֔יִץ | qa·yiṣ | Noun - masculine singular | H7019 summer, summer-fruit |
| Whoever | יִרְאֶ֤ה | yir·’eh | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H7200 see |
| sees it | הָֽרֹאֶה֙ | hā·rō·’eh | Article; Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular | H7200 see |
| will take it | בְּעוֹדָ֥הּ | bə·‘ō·w·ḏāh | Preposition-b; Adverb; third person feminine singular | H5750 a going round, continuance |
| in his hand | בְּכַפּ֖וֹ | bə·ḵap·pōw | Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H3709 hollow, or flat of the hand, palm, sole of foot, pan |
| swallow it | יִבְלָעֶֽנָּה׃ס | yiḇ·lā·‘en·nāh | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular; third person feminine singular | H1104 swallow down, swallow up, engulf |
Cross-references
Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.
Isaiah 28:1 Hosea 7:5 · Isaiah 28:7 · 2 Kings 14:25–27 · Isaiah 28:3–4
Isaiah 28:2 Ezekiel 13:11 · Isaiah 30:30 · Nahum 1:8 · Isaiah 27:1 · Isaiah 29:6
Isaiah 28:3 Isaiah 26:6 · Hebrews 10:29
Isaiah 28:4 Nahum 3:12 · Micah 7:1 · Isaiah 28:1 · Hosea 6:4
Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.
Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.