Psalms

Psalm 77:16–20

¹⁶The waters saw You, O God;

the waters saw You and swirled;

even the depths were shaken.

¹⁷The clouds poured down water;

the skies resounded with thunder;

Your arrows flashed back and forth.

¹⁸Your thunder resounded in the whirlwind;

the lightning lit up the world;

the earth trembled and quaked.

¹⁹Your path led through the sea,

Your way through the mighty waters,

but Your footprints were not to be found.^b

²⁰You led Your people like a flock

by the hand of Moses and Aaron.

Footnotes

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
The waters	מַּ֨יִם׀	ma·yim	Noun - masculine plural	H4325 water, juice, urine
saw You	רָ֘א֤וּךָ	rā·’ū·ḵā	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural; second person masculine singular	H7200 see
O God	אֱ‍ֽלֹהִ֗ים	’ĕlō·hîm	Noun - masculine plural	H430 God
the waters	מַּ֣יִם	ma·yim	Noun - masculine plural	H4325 water, juice, urine
saw You	רָא֣וּךָ	rā·’ū·ḵā	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural; second person masculine singular	H7200 see
and swirled	יָחִ֑ילוּ	yā·ḥî·lū	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural	H2342 whirl, dance, writhe
even	אַ֝֗ף	’ap̄	Conjunction	H637 also, yea
the depths	תְהֹמֽוֹת׃	ṯə·hō·mō·wṯ	Noun - common plural	H8415 deep, sea, abyss
were shaken	יִרְגְּז֥וּ	yir·gə·zū	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural	H7264 be agitated, quiver, quake, be excited, perturbed

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
The clouds	עָב֗וֹת	‘ā·ḇō·wṯ	Noun - common plural	H5645 dark cloud, cloud-mass, thicket
poured down	זֹ֤רְמוּ	zō·rə·mū	Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person common plural	H2229 pour forth in floods, flood away
water	מַ֨יִם׀	ma·yim	Noun - masculine plural	H4325 water, juice, urine
the skies	שְׁחָקִ֑ים	šə·ḥā·qîm	Noun - masculine plural	H7834 dust, cloud
resounded	נָתְנ֣וּ	nā·ṯə·nū	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural	H5414 give, put, set
with thunder	ק֭וֹל	qō·wl	Noun - masculine singular	H6963 sound, voice
Your arrows	חֲ֝צָצֶ֗יךָ	ḥă·ṣā·ṣe·ḵā	Noun - masculine plural construct; second person masculine singular	H2671 arrow
flashed back and forth	יִתְהַלָּֽכוּ׃	yiṯ·hal·lā·ḵū	Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - third person masculine plural	H1980 go, come, walk

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Your thunder	רַעַמְךָ֨׀	ra·‘am·ḵā	Noun - masculine singular construct; second person masculine singular	H7482 thunder
resounded	ק֤וֹל	qō·wl	Noun - masculine singular construct	H6963 sound, voice
in the whirlwind	בַּגַּלְגַּ֗ל	bag·gal·gal	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H1534 wheel, whirl, whirlwind
the lightning	בְרָקִ֣ים	ḇə·rā·qîm	Noun - masculine plural	H1300 lightning
lit up	הֵאִ֣ירוּ	hê·’î·rū	Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person common plural	H215 be or become light
the world	תֵּבֵ֑ל	tê·ḇêl	Noun - feminine singular	H8398 world
the earth	הָאָֽרֶץ׃	hā·’ā·reṣ	Article; Noun - feminine singular	H776 earth, land
trembled	רָגְזָ֖ה	rā·ḡə·zāh	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular	H7264 be agitated, quiver, quake, be excited, perturbed
and quaked	וַתִּרְעַ֣שׁ	wat·tir·‘aš	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular	H7493 quake, shake

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Your path	דַּרְכֶּ֗ךָ	dar·ke·ḵā	Noun - common singular construct; second person masculine singular	H1870 way, road, distance, journey, manner
led through the sea	בַּיָּ֤ם	bay·yām	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3220 sea
Your way	וּשְׁבִילֶיךָ	ū·šə·ḇī·lɛ·ḵå̄	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural construct; second person masculine singular	H7635 way, path
through the mighty	רַבִּ֑ים	rab·bîm	Adjective - masculine plural	H7227 much, many, great
waters	בְּמַ֣יִם	bə·ma·yim	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine plural	H4325 water, juice, urine
but Your footprints	וְ֝עִקְּבוֹתֶ֗יךָ	wə·‘iq·qə·ḇō·w·ṯe·ḵā	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural construct; second person masculine singular	H6119 heel, footprint, hinderpart
were not	לֹ֣א	lō	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
to be found	נֹדָֽעוּ׃	nō·ḏā·‘ū	Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural	H3045 know

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
You led	נָחִ֣יתָ	nā·ḥî·ṯā	Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular	H5148 lead, guide
Your people	עַמֶּ֑ךָ	‘am·me·ḵā	Noun - masculine singular construct; second person masculine singular	H5971 people
like a flock	כַצֹּ֣אן	ḵaṣ·ṣōn	Preposition-k, Article; Noun - common singular	H6629 small cattle, sheep and goats, flock, flocks
by the hand	בְּֽיַד־	bə·yaḏ-	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct	H3027 hand
of Moses	מֹשֶׁ֥ה	mō·šeh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H4872 Moses
and Aaron	וְאַהֲרֹֽן׃	wə·’a·hă·rōn	Conjunctive waw; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H175 Aaron