2 Samuel

2 Samuel 23:9–16

9Next in command was Eleazar son of Dodoe the Ahohite. As one of the three mighty men, he went with David to taunt the Philistines who had gathered for battle at Pas-dammim. The men of Israel retreated, 10but Eleazar stood his ground and struck the Philistines until his hand grew weary and stuck to his sword. The LORD brought about a great victory that day. Then the troops returned to him, but only to plunder the dead.

11And after him was Shammah son of Agee the Hararite. When the Philistines had banded together near a field full of lentils, Israel’s troops fled from them. 12But Shammah took his stand in the middle of the field, defended it, and struck down the Philistines. So the LORD brought about a great victory.

13At harvest time, three of the thirty chief men went down to David at the cave of Adullam, while a company of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim. 14At that time David was in the stronghold, and the garrison of the Philistines was at Bethlehem. 15David longed for water and said, “Oh, that someone would get me a drink of water from the well near the gate of Bethlehem!”

16So the three mighty men broke through the Philistine camp, drew water from the well near the gate of Bethlehem, and brought it back to David. But he refused to drink it; instead, he poured it out to the LORD,

Footnotes

  • e 23:9 Dodo is a variant of Dodai; see 1 Chronicles 27:4|1CH 27:4.

Read all of 2 Samuel 23

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

2 Samuel 23:9

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
Next in command wasוְאַחֲרוֹwə·ʾa·ḥă·rōConjunctive waw; Preposition; third person masculine singularH310 behind
Eleazarאֶלְעָזָ֥ר’el·‘ā·zārNoun - proper - masculine singularH499 Elazar
sonבֶּן־ben-Noun - masculine singular constructH1121 son
of Dodoדֹּדִיdō·ḏīNoun - proper - masculine singularH1734 Dodo
the Ahohiteאֲחֹחִ֑י’ă·ḥō·ḥîNoun - proper - masculine singularH266 Achochite
As one of the threeבִּשְׁלֹשָׁ֨הbiš·lō·šāhPreposition-b; Number - masculine singularH7969 a three, triad
mighty menגִבֹּרִיםḡib·bō·rīmArticle; Adjective - masculine pluralH1368 strong, mighty
heעִם־‘im-PrepositionH5973 with
Davidדָּוִ֗דdā·wiḏNoun - proper - masculine singularH1732 David
to tauntבְּחָֽרְפָ֤םbə·ḥā·rə·p̄āmPreposition-b; Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct; third person masculine pluralH2778 reproach
the Philistinesבַּפְּלִשְׁתִּיםbap·pə·liš·tîmPreposition-b, Article; Noun - proper - masculine pluralH6430 Philistine
who had gatheredנֶאֶסְפוּ־ne·’es·p̄ū-Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common pluralH622 gather, remove
for battleלַמִּלְחָמָ֔הlam·mil·ḥā·māhPreposition-l, Article; Noun - feminine singularH4421 battle, war
The menאִ֥ישׁ’îšNoun - masculine singular constructH376 man
of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃yiś·rā·’êlNoun - proper - masculine singularH3478 Israel
retreatedוַֽיַּעֲל֖וּway·ya·‘ă·lūConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH5927 go up, ascend, climb

2 Samuel 23:10

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
but Eleazarה֣וּאhūPronoun - third person masculine singularH1931 he, she
stood his groundקָם֩qāmVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularH6965 arise, stand up, stand
and struckוַיַּ֨ךְway·yaḵConjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH5221 smite
the Philistinesבַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜יםbap·pə·liš·tîmPreposition-b, Article; Noun - proper - masculine pluralH6430 Philistine
untilעַ֣ד׀‘aḏPrepositionH5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while
his handיָד֗וֹyā·ḏōwNoun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singularH3027 hand
grew wearyיָגְעָ֣הyā·ḡə·‘āhVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singularH3021 toil, grow or be weary
and stuckוַתִּדְבַּ֤קwat·tiḏ·baqConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singularH1692 cling, cleave, keep close
toאֶל־’el-PrepositionH413 motion to
his swordהַחֶ֔רֶבha·ḥe·reḇArticle; Noun - feminine singularH2719 sword
The LORDיְהוָ֛הYah·wehNoun - proper - masculine singularH3068 Yahweh
brought aboutוַיַּ֧עַשׂway·ya·‘aśConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH6213 do, make
a greatגְדוֹלָ֖הḡə·ḏō·w·lāhAdjective - feminine singularH1419 great
victoryתְּשׁוּעָ֥הtə·šū·‘āhNoun - feminine singularH8668 deliverance, salvation
thatהַה֑וּאha·hūArticle; Pronoun - third person masculine singularH1931 he, she
dayבַּיּ֣וֹםbay·yō·wmPreposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singularH3117 day
Then the troopsוְהָעָ֛םwə·hā·‘āmConjunctive waw, Article; Noun - masculine singularH5971 people
returnedיָשֻׁ֥בוּyā·šu·ḇūVerb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralH7725 turn back, return
to himאַחֲרָ֖יו’a·ḥă·rāwPreposition; third person masculine singularH310 behind
but onlyאַךְ־’aḵ-AdverbH389 surely
to plunder the deadלְפַשֵּֽׁט׃סlə·p̄aš·šêṭPreposition-l; Verb - Piel - Infinitive constructH6584 strip off, make a dash, raid

2 Samuel 23:11

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
And after himוְאַחֲרָ֛יוwə·’a·ḥă·rāwConjunctive waw; Preposition; third person masculine singularH310 behind
was Shammahשַׁמָּ֥אšam·māNoun - proper - masculine singularH8037 Shamma
sonבֶן־ḇen-Noun - masculine singular constructH1121 son
of Ageeאָגֵ֖א’ā·ḡêNoun - proper - masculine singularH89 Age
the Harariteהָרָרִ֑יhā·rā·rîNoun - proper - masculine singularH2043
When the Philistinesפְלִשְׁתִּ֜יםp̄ə·liš·tîmNoun - proper - masculine pluralH6430 Philistine
had banded togetherוַיֵּאָסְפ֨וּway·yê·’ā·sə·p̄ūConjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH622 gather, remove
nearלַחַיָּ֗הla·ḥay·yāhPreposition-l, Article; Noun - feminine singularH3896 Lechi
a fieldחֶלְקַ֤תḥel·qaṯNoun - feminine singular constructH2513 portion
full ofמְלֵאָ֣הmə·lê·’āhAdjective - feminine singularH4392 full
lentilsעֲדָשִׁ֔ים‘ă·ḏā·šîmNoun - masculine pluralH5742 lentil
troopsוְהָעָ֥םwə·hā·‘āmConjunctive waw, Article; Noun - masculine singularH5971 people
fledנָ֖סnāsVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularH5127 flee, escape
fromמִפְּנֵ֥יmip·pə·nêPreposition-m; Noun - common plural constructH6440 face, before

2 Samuel 23:12

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
Butוַיִּתְיַצֵּ֤בway·yiṯ·yaṣ·ṣêḇConjunctive waw; Verb - Hitpael - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH3320 set or station oneself, take one's stand
in the middleבְּתוֹךְ־bə·ṯō·wḵ-Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular constructH8432 midst
of the fieldהַֽחֶלְקָה֙ha·ḥel·qāhArticle; Noun - feminine singularH2513 portion
defended itוַיַּצִּילֶ֔הָway·yaṣ·ṣî·le·hāConjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular; third person feminine singularH5337 strip, plunder
and struck downוַיַּ֖ךְway·yaḵConjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH5221 smite
the Philistinesפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑יםpə·liš·tîmNoun - proper - masculine pluralH6430 Philistine
So the LORDיְהוָ֖הYah·wehNoun - proper - masculine singularH3068 Yahweh
brought aboutוַיַּ֥עַשׂway·ya·‘aśConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH6213 do, make
a greatגְדוֹלָֽה׃סḡə·ḏō·w·lāhAdjective - feminine singularH1419 great
victoryתְּשׁוּעָ֥הtə·šū·‘āhNoun - feminine singularH8668 deliverance, salvation

2 Samuel 23:13

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
Atאֶל־’el-PrepositionH413 motion to
harvest timeקָצִיר֙qā·ṣîrNoun - masculine singularH7105 harvesting, harvest
threeשְׁלֹשִׁיםšə·lō·šīmNumber - masculine singularH7970 thirty
of the thirtyמֵהַשְּׁלֹשִׁ֣יםmê·haš·šə·lō·šîmPreposition-m, Article; Number - common pluralH7970 thirty
chief menרֹ֗אשׁrōšNoun - masculine singularH7218 head
went downוַיֵּרְד֨וּway·yê·rə·ḏūConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH3381 come or go down, descend
toאֶל־’el-PrepositionH413 motion to
Davidדָּוִ֔דdā·wiḏNoun - proper - masculine singularH1732 David
atאֶל־’el-PrepositionH413 motion to
the caveמְעָרַ֖תmə·‘ā·raṯNoun - feminine singular constructH4631 cave
of Adullamעֲדֻלָּ֑ם‘ă·ḏul·lāmNoun - proper - feminine singularH5725 Adullam
while a companyוְחַיַּ֣תwə·ḥay·yaṯConjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular constructH2416 alive, living
of Philistinesפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםpə·liš·tîmNoun - proper - masculine pluralH6430 Philistine
was encampedחֹנָ֖הḥō·nāhVerb - Qal - Participle - feminine singularH2583 decline, bend down, encamp
in the Valleyבְּעֵ֥מֶקbə·‘ê·meqPreposition-b; Noun - masculine singular constructH6010 vale
of Rephaimרְפָאִֽים׃rə·p̄ā·’îmNoun - proper - masculine pluralH7497 giant

2 Samuel 23:14

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
At that timeאָ֣ז’āzAdverbH227 at that time, then
Davidוְדָוִ֖דwə·ḏā·wiḏConjunctive waw; Noun - proper - masculine singularH1732 David
was in the strongholdבַּמְּצוּדָ֑הbam·mə·ṣū·ḏāhPreposition-b, Article; Noun - feminine singularH4686 net, capture, fastness
and the garrisonוּמַצַּ֣בū·maṣ·ṣaḇConjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular constructH4673 standing-place, station, garrison
of the Philistinesפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםpə·liš·tîmNoun - proper - masculine pluralH6430 Philistine
was at Bethlehemלָֽחֶם׃lā·ḥemNoun - proper - feminine singularH1035 Beth-Lechem

2 Samuel 23:15

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
Davidדָוִ֖דḏā·wiḏNoun - proper - masculine singularH1732 David
longedוַיִּתְאַוֶּ֥הway·yiṯ·’aw·wehConjunctive waw; Verb - Hitpael - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH183 incline, desire
and saidוַיֹּאמַ֑רway·yō·marConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH559 utter, say
Ohמִ֚יmîInterrogativeH4310 who?
that someoneמִ֚יmîInterrogativeH4310 who?
would get me a drinkיַשְׁקֵ֣נִיyaš·qê·nîVerb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular; first person common singularH8248 quaff, irrigate, furnish a potion to
of waterמַ֔יִםma·yimNoun - masculine pluralH4325 water, juice, urine
from the wellמִבֹּ֥ארmib·bōrPreposition-m; Noun - masculine singular constructH877 cistern, pit, well
near the gateבַּשָּֽׁעַר׃baš·šā·‘arPreposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singularH8179 gate
of Bethlehemלֶ֖חֶםle·ḥemNoun - proper - feminine singularH1035 Beth-Lechem

2 Samuel 23:16

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
So the threeשְׁלֹ֨שֶׁתšə·lō·šeṯNumber - masculine singular constructH7969 a three, triad
mighty menהַגִּבֹּרִ֜יםhag·gib·bō·rîmArticle; Adjective - masculine pluralH1368 strong, mighty
brokeוַיִּבְקְעוּ֩way·yiḇ·qə·‘ūConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH1234 cleave, break open or through
through the Philistineפְלִשְׁתִּ֗יםp̄ə·liš·tîmNoun - proper - masculine pluralH6430 Philistine
campבְּמַחֲנֵ֣הbə·ma·ḥă·nêhPreposition-b; Noun - common singular constructH4264 encampment, camp
drewוַיִּֽשְׁאֲבוּ־way·yiš·’ă·ḇū-Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH7579 draw
waterמַ֙יִם֙ma·yimNoun - masculine pluralH4325 water, juice, urine
from the wellמִבֹּ֤ארmib·bōrPreposition-m; Noun - masculine singular constructH877 cistern, pit, well
near the gateבַּשַּׁ֔עַרbaš·ša·‘arPreposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singularH8179 gate
of Bethlehemלֶ֙חֶם֙le·ḥemNoun - proper - feminine singularH1035 Beth-Lechem
and broughtוַיָּבִ֣אוּway·yā·ḇi·’ūConjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH935 come in, come, go in, go
back toאֶל־’el-PrepositionH413 motion to
Davidדָּוִ֑דdā·wiḏNoun - proper - masculine singularH1732 David
But he refusedוְלֹ֤אwə·lōConjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particleH3808 not
to drink itלִשְׁתּוֹתָ֔םliš·tō·w·ṯāmPreposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct; third person masculine pluralH8354 drink
insteadוַיַּסֵּ֥ךְway·yas·sêḵConjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH5258 pour out
he poured it outוַיַּסֵּ֥ךְway·yas·sêḵConjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH5258 pour out
to the LORDלַֽיהוָֽה׃Yah·wehPreposition-l; Noun - proper - masculine singularH3068 Yahweh

Cross-references

Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.

2 Samuel 23:9 1 Chronicles 27:4 · 1 Chronicles 11:12–14 · 1 Samuel 17:26

2 Samuel 23:10 1 Samuel 19:5 · 1 Samuel 11:13

2 Samuel 23:11 1 Chronicles 11:13–14 · 1 Chronicles 11:27 · 2 Samuel 23:33

2 Samuel 23:12 Proverbs 21:31 · 2 Samuel 23:10

2 Samuel 23:13 2 Samuel 5:18 · 1 Samuel 22:1

2 Samuel 23:14 1 Samuel 22:4–5

2 Samuel 23:15 John 4:14 · Isaiah 41:17 · Isaiah 44:3 · John 7:37 · Psalm 63:1 · John 4:10 · Psalm 42:1–2 · Numbers 11:4–5

2 Samuel 23:16 Genesis 35:14 · 2 Corinthians 5:14 · Romans 5:7 · 1 Samuel 7:6 · Numbers 28:7 · Philippians 2:17 · Lamentations 2:19

Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.

Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.