Exodus

Exodus 23:9–12

⁹Do not oppress a foreign resident, since you yourselves know how it feels to be foreigners; for you were foreigners in the land of Egypt.

¹⁰For six years you are to sow your land and gather its produce, ¹¹but in the seventh year you must let it rest and lie fallow, so that the poor among your people may eat from the field and the wild animals may consume what they leave. Do the same with your vineyard and olive grove.

¹²For six days you are to do your work, but on the seventh day you must cease, so that your ox and your donkey may rest and the son of your maidservant may be refreshed, as well as the foreign resident.

Read all of Exodus 23

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

Exodus 23:9

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Do not	לֹ֣א	lō	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
oppress	תִלְחָ֑ץ	ṯil·ḥāṣ	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular	H3905 squeeze, press
a foreign resident	וְגֵ֖ר	wə·ḡêr	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H1616 sojourner
since you	וְאַתֶּ֗ם	wə·’at·tem	Conjunctive waw; Pronoun - second person masculine plural	H859 thou
yourselves know	יְדַעְתֶּם֙	yə·ḏa‘·tem	Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine plural	H3045 know
how it feels to be foreigners	הַגֵּ֔ר	hag·gêr	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H1616 sojourner
for	כִּֽי־	kî-	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
you were	הֱיִיתֶ֖ם	hĕ·yî·ṯem	Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine plural	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
foreigners	גֵרִ֥ים	ḡê·rîm	Noun - masculine plural	H1616 sojourner
in the land	בְּאֶ֥רֶץ	bə·’e·reṣ	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct	H776 earth, land
of Egypt	מִצְרָֽיִם׃	miṣ·rā·yim	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H4714 Egypt, Egyptians

Exodus 23:10

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
For six	וְשֵׁ֥שׁ	wə·šêš	Conjunctive waw; Number - feminine singular	H8337 six
years	שָׁנִ֖ים	šā·nîm	Noun - feminine plural	H8141 year
you are to sow	תִּזְרַ֣ע	tiz·ra‘	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular	H2232 sow, scatter seed
your land	אַרְצֶ֑ךָ	’ar·ṣe·ḵā	Noun - feminine singular construct; second person masculine singular	H776 earth, land
and gather	וְאָסַפְתָּ֖	wə·’ā·sap̄·tā	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular	H622 gather, remove
its produce	תְּבוּאָתָֽהּ׃	tə·ḇū·’ā·ṯāh	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person feminine singular	H8393 product, revenue

Exodus 23:11

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
but in the seventh	וְהַשְּׁבִיעִ֞ת	wə·haš·šə·ḇî·‘iṯ	Conjunctive waw, Article; Number - ordinal feminine singular	H7637 seventh
you must let it rest	תִּשְׁמְטֶ֣נָּה	tiš·mə·ṭen·nāh	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular; third person feminine singular	H8058 let drop
and lie fallow	וּנְטַשְׁתָּ֗הּ	ū·nə·ṭaš·tāh	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular; third person feminine singular	H5203 leave, forsake, permit
so that the poor	אֶבְיֹנֵ֣י	’eḇ·yō·nê	Noun - masculine plural construct	H34 in want, needy, poor
among your people	עַמֶּ֔ךָ	‘am·me·ḵā	Noun - masculine singular construct; second person masculine singular	H5971 people
may eat	וְאָֽכְלוּ֙	wə·’ā·ḵə·lū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural	H398 eat
from the field	הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה	haś·śā·ḏeh	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H7704 id.
and the wild animals	חַיַּ֣ת	ḥay·yaṯ	Noun - feminine singular construct	H2416 alive, living
may consume	תֹּאכַ֖ל	tō·ḵal	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular	H398 eat
what they leave	וְיִתְרָ֕ם	wə·yiṯ·rām	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine plural	H3499 remainder, excellence, excess
Do	תַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה	ta·‘ă·śeh	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular	H6213 do, make
the same	כֵּֽן־	kên-	Adverb	H3651 right, veritable, honest
with your vineyard	לְכַרְמְךָ֖	lə·ḵar·mə·ḵā	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular construct; second person masculine singular	H3754 vineyard
and olive grove	לְזֵיתֶֽךָ׃	lə·zê·ṯe·ḵā	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular construct; second person masculine singular	H2132 olive-tree, olive

Exodus 23:12

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
For six	שֵׁ֤שֶׁת	šê·šeṯ	Number - masculine singular construct	H8337 six
days	יָמִים֙	yā·mîm	Noun - masculine plural	H3117 day
you are to do	תַּעֲשֶׂ֣ה	ta·‘ă·śeh	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular	H6213 do, make
your work	מַעֲשֶׂ֔יךָ	ma·‘ă·śe·ḵā	Noun - masculine plural construct; second person masculine singular	H4639 deed, work
but on the seventh	הַשְּׁבִיעִ֖י	haš·šə·ḇî·‘î	Article; Number - ordinal masculine singular	H7637 seventh
day	וּבַיּ֥וֹם	ū·ḇay·yō·wm	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3117 day
you must cease	תִּשְׁבֹּ֑ת	tiš·bōṯ	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular	H7673 cease, desist, rest
so that	לְמַ֣עַן	lə·ma·‘an	Conjunction	H4616 purpose, intent
your ox	שֽׁוֹרְךָ֙	šō·wr·ḵā	Noun - masculine singular construct; second person masculine singular	H7794 head of cattle
and your donkey	וַחֲמֹרֶ֔ךָ	wa·ḥă·mō·re·ḵā	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular construct; second person masculine singular	H2543 heap
may rest	יָנ֗וּחַ	yā·nū·aḥ	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5117 rest
and the son	בֶּן־	ben-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H1121 son
of your maidservant	אֲמָתְךָ֖	’ă·mā·ṯə·ḵā	Noun - feminine singular construct; second person masculine singular	H519 maid, handmaid
may be refreshed	וְיִנָּפֵ֥שׁ	wə·yin·nā·p̄êš	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5314 breathe, refreshed
as well as the foreign resident	וְהַגֵּֽר׃	wə·hag·gêr	Conjunctive waw, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H1616 sojourner