Isaiah
Isaiah 28:15–20
15For you said, “We have made a covenant with death;
we have fashioned an agreement with Sheol.
When the overwhelming scourge passes through
it will not touch us,
because we have made lies our refuge
and falsehoode our hiding place.”
16So this is what the Lord GOD says:
“See, I lay a stone in Zion,
a tested stone,
a precious cornerstone, a sure foundation;
the one who believes will never be shaken.f
17I will make justice the measuring line
and righteousness the level.
Hail will sweep away your refuge of lies,
and water will flood your hiding place.
18Your covenant with death will be dissolved,
and your agreement with Sheol will not stand.
When the overwhelming scourge passes through,
you will be trampled by it.
19As often as it passes through,
it will carry you away;
it will sweep through morning after morning,
by day and by night.”
The understanding of this message
will bring sheer terror.
20Indeed, the bed is too short to stretch out on,
and the blanket too small to wrap around you.
Footnotes
Word by word
Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.
Isaiah 28:15
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| For | כִּ֣י | kî | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| you said | אֲמַרְתֶּ֗ם | ’ă·mar·tem | Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine plural | H559 utter, say |
| We have made | כָּרַ֤תְנֽוּ | kā·raṯ·nū | Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common plural | H3772 cut off, cut down |
| a covenant | בְרִית֙ | ḇə·rîṯ | Noun - feminine singular | H1285 covenant |
| with | אֶת־ | ’eṯ- | Preposition | H854 with |
| death | מָ֔וֶת | mā·weṯ | Noun - masculine singular | H4194 death |
| we have fashioned | עָשִׂ֣ינוּ | ‘ā·śî·nū | Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common plural | H6213 do, make |
| an agreement | חֹזֶ֑ה | ḥō·zeh | Noun - masculine singular | H2374 seer |
| with | וְעִם־ | wə·‘im- | Conjunctive waw; Preposition | H5973 with |
| Sheol | שְׁא֖וֹל | šə·’ō·wl | Noun - common singular | H7585 underworld |
| When | כִּֽי־ | kî- | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| the overwhelming scourge | שׁוֹטֵ֤ף | šō·w·ṭêp̄ | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular | H7857 overflow, rinse or wash off |
| passes through | עָבַר | ʿå̄·ḇar | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H5674 pass over, through, by, pass on |
| it will not | לֹ֣א | lō | Adverb - Negative particle | H3808 not |
| touch us | יְבוֹאֵ֔נוּ | yə·ḇō·w·’ê·nū | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular; first person common plural | H935 come in, come, go in, go |
| because | כִּ֣י | kî | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| we have made | שַׂ֧מְנוּ | śam·nū | Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common plural | H7760 put, place, set |
| lies | כָזָ֛ב | ḵā·zāḇ | Noun - masculine singular | H3577 lie, falsehood, deceptive thing |
| our refuge | מַחְסֵ֖נוּ | maḥ·sê·nū | Noun - masculine singular construct; first person common plural | H4268 refuge, shelter |
| and falsehood | וּבַשֶּׁ֥קֶר | ū·ḇaš·še·qer | Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular | H8267 deception, disappointment, falsehood |
| our hiding place | נִסְתָּֽרְנוּ׃ס | nis·tā·rə·nū | Verb - Nifal - Perfect - first person common plural | H5641 hide, conceal |
Isaiah 28:16
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| So | לָכֵ֗ן | lā·ḵên | Adverb | H3651 right, veritable, honest |
| this is what | כֹּ֤ה | kōh | Adverb | H3541 thus, here |
| the Lord | אֲדֹנָ֣י | ’ă·ḏō·nāy | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H136 lord |
| GOD | יְהוִ֔ה | Yah·weh | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H3069 Yahweh |
| says | אָמַר֙ | ’ā·mar | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H559 utter, say |
| See | הִנְנִ֛י | hin·nî | Interjection; first person common singular | H2005 lo! behold |
| I lay | יִסַּ֥ד | yis·saḏ | Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H3245 establish, found, fix |
| a stone | אָ֑בֶן | ’ā·ḇen | Noun - feminine singular | H68 stone |
| in Zion | בְּצִיּ֖וֹן | bə·ṣî·yō·wn | Preposition-b; Noun - proper - feminine singular | H6726 Zion |
| a tested | בֹּ֜חַן | bō·ḥan | Noun - masculine singular | H976 testing |
| stone | אֶ֣בֶן | ’e·ḇen | Noun - feminine singular construct | H68 stone |
| a precious | יִקְרַת֙ | yiq·raṯ | Adjective - feminine singular construct | H3368 precious, rare, splendid, weighty |
| cornerstone | פִּנַּ֤ת | pin·naṯ | Noun - feminine singular construct | H6438 corner |
| a sure | מוּסָּ֔ד | mūs·sāḏ | Verb - Hofal - Participle - masculine singular | H3245 establish, found, fix |
| foundation | מוּסָ֣ד | mū·sāḏ | Noun - masculine singular | H4143 foundation, foundation-laying |
| the one who believes | הַֽמַּאֲמִ֖ין | ham·ma·’ă·mîn | Article; Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular | H539 confirm, support |
| will never | לֹ֥א | lō | Adverb - Negative particle | H3808 not |
| be shaken | יָחִֽישׁ׃ | yā·ḥîš | Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H2363 haste, make haste |
Isaiah 28:17
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I will make | וְשַׂמְתִּ֤י | wə·śam·tî | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular | H7760 put, place, set |
| justice | מִשְׁפָּט֙ | miš·pāṭ | Noun - masculine singular | H4941 judgment |
| the measuring line | לְקָ֔ו | lə·qāw | Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular | H6957 line |
| and righteousness | וּצְדָקָ֖ה | ū·ṣə·ḏā·qāh | Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular | H6666 righteousness |
| the level | לְמִשְׁקָ֑לֶת | lə·miš·qā·leṯ | Preposition-l; Noun - feminine singular | H4949 levelling instrument, level |
| Hail | בָרָד֙ | ḇā·rāḏ | Noun - masculine singular | H1259 hail |
| will sweep away | וְיָעָ֤ה | wə·yā·‘āh | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular | H3261 sweep together |
| your refuge | מַחְסֵ֣ה | maḥ·sêh | Noun - masculine singular construct | H4268 refuge, shelter |
| of lies | כָזָ֔ב | ḵā·zāḇ | Noun - masculine singular | H3577 lie, falsehood, deceptive thing |
| and water | מַ֖יִם | ma·yim | Noun - masculine plural | H4325 water, juice, urine |
| will flood | יִשְׁטֹֽפוּ׃ | yiš·ṭō·p̄ū | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural | H7857 overflow, rinse or wash off |
| your hiding place | וְסֵ֥תֶר | wə·sê·ṯer | Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular construct | H5643 covering, hiding-place, secrecy |
Isaiah 28:18
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Your covenant | בְּרִֽיתְכֶם֙ | bə·rî·ṯə·ḵem | Noun - feminine singular construct; second person masculine plural | H1285 covenant |
| with | אֶת־ | ’eṯ- | Preposition | H854 with |
| death | מָ֔וֶת | mā·weṯ | Noun - masculine singular | H4194 death |
| will be dissolved | וְכֻפַּ֤ר | wə·ḵup·par | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Pual - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular | H3722 cover over (figurative), pacify, make propitiation |
| and your agreement | וְחָזוּתְכֶ֥ם | wə·ḥā·zū·ṯə·ḵem | Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular construct; second person masculine plural | H2380 vision, conspicuousness |
| with | אֶת־ | ’eṯ- | Preposition | H854 with |
| Sheol | שְׁא֖וֹל | šə·’ō·wl | Noun - common singular | H7585 underworld |
| will not | לֹ֣א | lō | Adverb - Negative particle | H3808 not |
| stand | תָק֑וּם | ṯā·qūm | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular | H6965 arise, stand up, stand |
| When | כִּ֣י | kî | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| the overwhelming | שׁוֹטֵף֙ | šō·w·ṭêp̄ | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular | H7857 overflow, rinse or wash off |
| scourge | שׁ֤וֹט | šō·wṭ | Noun - masculine singular | H7752 scourge, whip |
| passes through | יַֽעֲבֹ֔ר | ya·‘ă·ḇōr | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H5674 pass over, through, by, pass on |
| you will be | וִהְיִ֥יתֶם | wih·yî·ṯem | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural | H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be |
| trampled by it | לְמִרְמָֽס׃ | lə·mir·mās | Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular | H4823 trampling-place, trampling |
Isaiah 28:19
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| As often as | מִדֵּ֤י | mid·dê | Preposition-m; Noun - masculine singular construct | H1767 sufficiency, enough |
| it passes through | עָבְרוֹ֙ | ‘ā·ḇə·rōw | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct; third person masculine singular | H5674 pass over, through, by, pass on |
| it will carry you away | יִקַּ֣ח | yiq·qaḥ | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H3947 take |
| it will sweep through | יַעֲבֹ֖ר | ya·‘ă·ḇōr | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H5674 pass over, through, by, pass on |
| morning | בַבֹּ֧קֶר | ḇab·bō·qer | Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular | H1242 morning |
| after morning | בַּבֹּ֛קֶר | bab·bō·qer | Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular | H1242 morning |
| by day | בַּיּ֣וֹם | bay·yō·wm | Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular | H3117 day |
| and by night | וּבַלָּ֑יְלָה | ū·ḇal·lā·yə·lāh | Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular | H3915 twist, night, adversity |
| The understanding | הָבִ֥ין | hā·ḇîn | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | H995 discern |
| of | שְׁמוּעָֽה׃ | šə·mū·‘āh | Noun - feminine singular | H8052 report |
| sheer | רַק־ | raq- | Adverb | H7535 thin |
| terror | זְוָעָ֖ה | zə·wā·‘āh | Noun - feminine singular | H2113 a trembling |
Isaiah 28:20
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indeed | כִּֽי־ | kî- | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| the bed | הַמַּצָּ֖ע | ham·maṣ·ṣā‘ | Article; Noun - masculine singular | H4702 couch, bed |
| is too short | קָצַ֥ר | qā·ṣar | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H7114 be short |
| to stretch out on | מֵֽהִשְׂתָּרֵ֑עַ | mê·hiś·tā·rê·a‘ | Preposition-m; Verb - Hitpael - Infinitive construct | H8311 extend |
| and the blanket | וְהַמַּסֵּכָ֥ה | wə·ham·mas·sê·ḵāh | Conjunctive waw, Article; Noun - feminine singular | H4541 molten metal, or image |
| too small | צָ֖רָה | ṣā·rāh | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular | H6887 bind, tie up, be restricted, narrow, scant, cramped |
| to wrap around you | כְּהִתְכַּנֵּֽס׃ | kə·hiṯ·kan·nês | Preposition-k; Verb - Hitpael - Infinitive construct | H3664 gather, collect |
Cross-references
Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.
Isaiah 28:15 Isaiah 8:7–8 · Ezekiel 13:22 · Hosea 2:18 · Amos 2:4 · Isaiah 28:18 · Daniel 11:22 · Jeremiah 5:31 · Ecclesiastes 8:8 · Job 15:25–27 · Jeremiah 28:15–17 · Jeremiah 44:17 · Jeremiah 14:13
Isaiah 28:16 Psalm 118:22 · Acts 4:11–12 · 1 Peter 2:6–8 · Luke 20:17–18 · Romans 9:33 · Mark 12:10 · Matthew 21:42 · Isaiah 8:14–15 · Ephesians 2:20 · 1 Corinthians 3:11 · Romans 10:11 · Zechariah 3:9
Isaiah 28:17 2 Kings 21:13 · Revelation 16:21 · Amos 7:7–9 · Revelation 11:19 · Romans 2:5 · Jeremiah 7:14 · Romans 2:2 · Isaiah 28:2
Isaiah 28:18 Isaiah 7:7 · Isaiah 8:10 · Isaiah 28:15 · Daniel 11:40 · Isaiah 28:3 · Malachi 4:1–3
Isaiah 28:19 Habakkuk 3:16 · Daniel 8:27 · Luke 21:25–26 · Isaiah 10:5–6 · Isaiah 33:7 · 2 Kings 24:2 · Jeremiah 19:3 · Isaiah 50:4 · Daniel 7:28 · Isaiah 37:3 · Isaiah 36:22
Isaiah 28:20 Isaiah 64:6 · 1 Corinthians 1:18–31 · Romans 9:30–32 · Isaiah 59:5–6 · Isaiah 57:12–13 · Isaiah 66:3–6 · Jeremiah 7:8–10
Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.
Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.