Hosea

Hosea 4:12–19

12My people consult their wooden idols,

and their divining rods inform them.

For a spirit of prostitution leads them astray

and they have played the harlot against their God.

13They sacrifice on the mountaintops

and burn offerings on the hills,

under oak, poplar, and terebinth,

because their shade is pleasant.

And so your daughters turn to prostitution

and your daughters-in-law to adultery.

14I will not punish your daughters

when they prostitute themselves,

nor your daughters-in-law

when they commit adultery.

For the men themselves go off with prostitutes

and offer sacrifices with shrine prostitutes.

So a people without understanding

will come to ruin.

15Though you prostitute yourself, O Israel,

may Judah avoid such guilt!

Do not journey to Gilgal,

do not go up to Beth-aven,d

and do not swear on oath,

‘As surely as the LORD lives!’

16For Israel is as obstinate

as a stubborn heifer.

Can the LORD now shepherd them

like lambs in an open meadow?

17Ephraime is joined to idols;

leave him alone!

18When their liquor is gone,

they turn to prostitution;

their rulersf dearly love disgrace.

19The whirlwind has wrapped themg in its wings,

and their sacrifices will bring them shame.’’

Footnotes

  • d 4:15 Beth-aven means house of wickedness. This is a derogatory term for Bethel, which means house of God; see 1 Kings 12:28–29|1KI 12:28-29.
  • e 4:17 That is, the northern kingdom of Israel
  • f 4:18 Hebrew her shields
  • g 4:19 Hebrew has wrapped her

Read all of Hosea 4

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

Hosea 4:12

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
My peopleעַמִּי֙‘am·mîNoun - masculine singular construct; first person common singularH5971 people
consultיִשְׁאָ֔לyiš·’ālVerb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularH7592 ask, inquire
their wooden idolsבְּעֵצ֣וֹbə·‘ê·ṣōwPreposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singularH6086 tree, trees, wood
and their divining rodsוּמַקְל֖וֹū·maq·lōwConjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singularH4731 rod, staff
informיַגִּ֣ידyag·gîḏVerb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singularH5046 be conspicuous
themל֑וֹlōwPreposition; third person masculine singular
Forכִּ֣יkîConjunctionH3588 burning, branding
a spiritר֤וּחַrū·aḥNoun - common singular constructH7307 breath, wind, spirit
of prostitutionזְנוּנִים֙zə·nū·nîmNoun - masculine pluralH2183 adultery, idolatry
leads them astrayהִתְעָ֔הhiṯ·‘āhVerb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singularH8582 err
and they have played the harlotוַיִּזְנ֖וּway·yiz·nūConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH2181 commit fornication, be a harlot
againstמִתַּ֥חַתmit·ta·ḥaṯPreposition-mH8478 the under part
their Godאֱלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃’ĕ·lō·hê·hemNoun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine pluralH430 God

Hosea 4:13

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
They sacrificeיְזַבֵּ֗חוּyə·zab·bê·ḥūVerb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralH2076 slaughter for sacrifice
onעַל־‘al-PrepositionH5921 height
the mountaintopsרָאשֵׁ֨יrā·šêNoun - masculine plural constructH7218 head
and burn offeringsיְקַטֵּ֔רוּyə·qaṭ·ṭê·rūVerb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralH6999 make sacrifices smoke, send them up in smoke
onוְעַל־wə·‘al-Conjunctive waw; PrepositionH5921 height
the hillsהַגְּבָעוֹת֙hag·gə·ḇā·‘ō·wṯArticle; Noun - feminine pluralH1389 hill
underתַּ֣חַתta·ḥaṯPrepositionH8478 the under part
oakאַלּ֧וֹן’al·lō·wnNoun - masculine singularH437 oak
poplarוְלִבְנֶ֛הwə·liḇ·nehConjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singularH3839 poplar
and terebinthוְאֵלָ֖הwə·’ê·lāhConjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singularH424 terebinth
becauseכִּ֣יkîConjunctionH3588 burning, branding
their shadeצִלָּ֑הּṣil·lāhNoun - masculine singular construct; third person feminine singularH6738 shadow
is pleasantט֣וֹבṭō·wḇAdjective - masculine singularH2896 pleasant, agreeable, good
And soעַל־‘al-PrepositionH5921 height
your daughtersבְּנ֣וֹתֵיכֶ֔םbə·nō·w·ṯê·ḵemNoun - feminine plural construct; second person masculine pluralH1323 daughter
turn to prostitutionתִּזְנֶ֙ינָה֙tiz·ne·nāhVerb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine pluralH2181 commit fornication, be a harlot
and your daughters-in-lawוְכַלּוֹתֵיכֶ֖םwə·ḵal·lō·w·ṯê·ḵemConjunctive waw; Noun - feminine plural construct; second person masculine pluralH3618 daughter-in-law, bride
to adulteryתְּנָאַֽפְנָה׃tə·nā·’ap̄·nāhVerb - Piel - Imperfect - third person feminine pluralH5003 commit adultery

Hosea 4:14

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
I will notלֹֽא־lō-Adverb - Negative particleH3808 not
punishאֶפְק֨וֹד’ep̄·qō·wḏVerb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singularH6485 attend to, visit, muster, appoint
your daughtersבְּנוֹתֵיכֶ֜םbə·nō·w·ṯê·ḵemNoun - feminine plural construct; second person masculine pluralH1323 daughter
whenכִּ֣יkîConjunctionH3588 burning, branding
they prostitute themselvesתִזְנֶ֗ינָהṯiz·ne·nāhVerb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine pluralH2181 commit fornication, be a harlot
norוְעַל־wə·‘al-Conjunctive waw; PrepositionH5921 height
your daughters-in-lawכַּלּֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙kal·lō·w·ṯê·ḵemNoun - feminine plural construct; second person masculine pluralH3618 daughter-in-law, bride
whenכִּ֣יkîConjunctionH3588 burning, branding
they commit adulteryתְנָאַ֔פְנָהṯə·nā·’ap̄·nāhVerb - Piel - Imperfect - third person feminine pluralH5003 commit adultery
Forכִּי־kî-ConjunctionH3588 burning, branding
the men themselvesהֵם֙hêmPronoun - third person masculine pluralH1992 they, them
go offיְפָרֵ֔דוּyə·p̄ā·rê·ḏūVerb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralH6504 divide
withעִם־‘im-PrepositionH5973 with
prostitutesהַזֹּנ֣וֹתhaz·zō·nō·wṯArticle; Noun - feminine pluralH2181 commit fornication, be a harlot
and offer sacrificesיְזַבֵּ֑חוּyə·zab·bê·ḥūVerb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine pluralH2076 slaughter for sacrifice
withוְעִם־wə·‘im-Conjunctive waw; PrepositionH5973 with
shrine prostitutesהַקְּדֵשׁ֖וֹתhaq·qə·ḏê·šō·wṯArticle; Adjective - feminine pluralH6948 female devotee
So a peopleוְעָ֥םwə·‘āmConjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singularH5971 people
withoutלֹֽא־lō-Adverb - Negative particleH3808 not
understandingיָבִ֖יןyā·ḇînVerb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularH995 discern
will come to ruinיִלָּבֵֽט׃yil·lā·ḇêṭVerb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularH3832 thrust down, out, or away

Hosea 4:15

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
Thoughאִם־’im-ConjunctionH518 if
youאַתָּה֙’at·tāhPronoun - second person masculine singularH859 thou
prostitute yourselfזֹנֶ֤הzō·nehVerb - Qal - Participle - masculine singularH2181 commit fornication, be a harlot
O Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לyiś·rā·’êlNoun - proper - masculine singularH3478 Israel
may Judahיְהוּדָ֑הyə·hū·ḏāhNoun - proper - masculine singularH3063 Judah
avoidאַל־’al-AdverbH408 prohibition, do not . . ., let not . . .
such guiltיֶאְשַׁ֖םye’·šamVerb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singularH816 offend, be guilty
Do notוְאַל־wə·’al-Conjunctive waw; AdverbH408 prohibition, do not . . ., let not . . .
journeyתָּבֹ֣אוּtā·ḇō·’ūVerb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine pluralH935 come in, come, go in, go
to Gilgalהַגִּלְגָּ֗לhag·gil·gālArticle; Noun - proper - feminine singularH1537 Gilgal
do not go upתַּעֲלוּ֙ta·‘ă·lūVerb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine pluralH5927 go up, ascend, climb
to Beth-avenאָ֔וֶן’ā·wenNoun - proper - feminine singularH1007 Beth-Aven
and do notוְאַֽל־wə·’al-Conjunctive waw; AdverbH408 prohibition, do not . . ., let not . . .
swear on oathתִּשָּׁבְע֖וּtiš·šā·ḇə·‘ūVerb - Nifal - Imperfect - second person masculine pluralH7650 swear
As surely as the LORDיְהוָֽה׃Yah·wehNoun - proper - masculine singularH3068 Yahweh
livesחַי־ḥay-Noun - masculine singularH2416 alive, living

Hosea 4:16

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
Forכִּ֚יkîConjunctionH3588 burning, branding
Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לyiś·rā·’êlNoun - proper - masculine singularH3478 Israel
is as obstinateסֹֽרֵרָ֔הsō·rê·rāhVerb - Qal - Participle - feminine singularH5637 be stubborn, rebellious
as a stubbornסָרַ֖רsā·rarVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularH5637 be stubborn, rebellious
heiferכְּפָרָ֣הkə·p̄ā·rāhPreposition-k; Noun - feminine singularH6510 heifer, cow
Can the LORDיְהוָ֔הYah·wehNoun - proper - masculine singularH3068 Yahweh
nowעַתָּה֙‘at·tāhAdverbH6258 now
shepherd themיִרְעֵ֣םyir·‘êmVerb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular; third person masculine pluralH7462 pasture, tend, graze
like lambsכְּכֶ֖בֶשׂkə·ḵe·ḇeśPreposition-k; Noun - masculine singularH3532 lamb
in an open meadowבַּמֶּרְחָֽב׃bam·mer·ḥāḇPreposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singularH4800 broad, roomy, place

Hosea 4:17

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
Ephraimאֶפְרָ֖יִם’ep̄·rā·yimNoun - proper - masculine singularH669 Ephraim
is joinedחֲב֧וּרḥă·ḇūrVerb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singular constructH2266 unite
to idolsעֲצַבִּ֛ים‘ă·ṣab·bîmNoun - masculine pluralH6091 idol
leave him aloneהַֽנַּֽח־han·naḥ-Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singularH5117 rest

Hosea 4:18

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
When their liquorסָבְאָ֑םsā·ḇə·’āmNoun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine pluralH5435 drink, liquor
is goneסָ֖רsārVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularH5493 turn aside
they turn to prostitutionהַזְנֵ֣הhaz·nêhVerb - Hifil - Infinitive absoluteH2181 commit fornication, be a harlot
their rulersמָגִנֶּֽיהָ׃mā·ḡin·ne·hāNoun - masculine plural construct; third person feminine singularH4043 shield
dearly loveאָהֲב֥וּ’ā·hă·ḇūVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralH157 love
disgraceקָל֖וֹןqā·lō·wnNoun - masculine singularH7036 ignominy, dishonour

Hosea 4:19

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
The whirlwindר֛וּחַrū·aḥNoun - common singularH7307 breath, wind, spirit
has wrappedצָרַ֥רṣā·rarVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singularH6887 bind, tie up, be restricted, narrow, scant, cramped
themאוֹתָ֖הּ’ō·w·ṯāhDirect object marker; third person feminine singularH853 mark of the accusative
in its wingsבִּכְנָפֶ֑יהָbiḵ·nā·p̄e·hāPreposition-b; Noun - feminine plural construct; third person feminine singularH3671 wing, extremity
and their sacrificesמִזִּבְחוֹתָֽםסmiz·ziḇ·ḥō·ṯå̄·msPreposition-m; Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine pluralH2077 sacrifice
will bring them shameוְיֵבֹ֖שׁוּwə·yê·ḇō·šūConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH954 be ashamed

Cross-references

Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.

Hosea 4:12 Jeremiah 2:27 · Hosea 5:4 · Habakkuk 2:19 · Deuteronomy 31:16 · Numbers 15:39 · Isaiah 44:18–20

Hosea 4:13 Jeremiah 3:6 · Isaiah 1:29 · Ezekiel 6:13 · Amos 7:17

Hosea 4:14 Hosea 4:1 · 1 Corinthians 6:16 · Ephesians 4:18

Hosea 4:15 Hosea 12:11 · Hosea 9:15 · Amos 4:4 · Amos 5:5 · Jeremiah 5:2 · Hosea 10:5 · Ephesians 5:11 · Amos 8:14 · Hosea 5:8 · Hosea 10:8

Hosea 4:16 1 Samuel 15:11

Hosea 4:17 Psalm 81:12 · Revelation 22:11 · Hosea 13:2 · Matthew 15:14 · Hosea 11:2 · Hosea 4:4

Hosea 4:18 Proverbs 30:15–16 · Micah 3:11

Hosea 4:19 Jeremiah 51:1 · Isaiah 1:29 · Jeremiah 4:11–12 · Hosea 13:15

Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.

Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.