Hosea
Hosea 4:12–19
12My people consult their wooden idols,
and their divining rods inform them.
For a spirit of prostitution leads them astray
and they have played the harlot against their God.
13They sacrifice on the mountaintops
and burn offerings on the hills,
under oak, poplar, and terebinth,
because their shade is pleasant.
And so your daughters turn to prostitution
and your daughters-in-law to adultery.
14I will not punish your daughters
when they prostitute themselves,
nor your daughters-in-law
when they commit adultery.
For the men themselves go off with prostitutes
and offer sacrifices with shrine prostitutes.
So a people without understanding
will come to ruin.
15Though you prostitute yourself, O Israel,
may Judah avoid such guilt!
Do not journey to Gilgal,
do not go up to Beth-aven,d
and do not swear on oath,
‘As surely as the LORD lives!’
16For Israel is as obstinate
as a stubborn heifer.
Can the LORD now shepherd them
like lambs in an open meadow?
17Ephraime is joined to idols;
leave him alone!
18When their liquor is gone,
they turn to prostitution;
their rulersf dearly love disgrace.
19The whirlwind has wrapped themg in its wings,
and their sacrifices will bring them shame.’’
Footnotes
Word by word
Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.
Hosea 4:12
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| My people | עַמִּי֙ | ‘am·mî | Noun - masculine singular construct; first person common singular | H5971 people |
| consult | יִשְׁאָ֔ל | yiš·’āl | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H7592 ask, inquire |
| their wooden idols | בְּעֵצ֣וֹ | bə·‘ê·ṣōw | Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H6086 tree, trees, wood |
| and their divining rods | וּמַקְל֖וֹ | ū·maq·lōw | Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H4731 rod, staff |
| inform | יַגִּ֣יד | yag·gîḏ | Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H5046 be conspicuous |
| them | ל֑וֹ | lōw | Preposition; third person masculine singular | |
| For | כִּ֣י | kî | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| a spirit | ר֤וּחַ | rū·aḥ | Noun - common singular construct | H7307 breath, wind, spirit |
| of prostitution | זְנוּנִים֙ | zə·nū·nîm | Noun - masculine plural | H2183 adultery, idolatry |
| leads them astray | הִתְעָ֔ה | hiṯ·‘āh | Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H8582 err |
| and they have played the harlot | וַיִּזְנ֖וּ | way·yiz·nū | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural | H2181 commit fornication, be a harlot |
| against | מִתַּ֥חַת | mit·ta·ḥaṯ | Preposition-m | H8478 the under part |
| their God | אֱלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃ | ’ĕ·lō·hê·hem | Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine plural | H430 God |
Hosea 4:13
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| They sacrifice | יְזַבֵּ֗חוּ | yə·zab·bê·ḥū | Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine plural | H2076 slaughter for sacrifice |
| on | עַל־ | ‘al- | Preposition | H5921 height |
| the mountaintops | רָאשֵׁ֨י | rā·šê | Noun - masculine plural construct | H7218 head |
| and burn offerings | יְקַטֵּ֔רוּ | yə·qaṭ·ṭê·rū | Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine plural | H6999 make sacrifices smoke, send them up in smoke |
| on | וְעַל־ | wə·‘al- | Conjunctive waw; Preposition | H5921 height |
| the hills | הַגְּבָעוֹת֙ | hag·gə·ḇā·‘ō·wṯ | Article; Noun - feminine plural | H1389 hill |
| under | תַּ֣חַת | ta·ḥaṯ | Preposition | H8478 the under part |
| oak | אַלּ֧וֹן | ’al·lō·wn | Noun - masculine singular | H437 oak |
| poplar | וְלִבְנֶ֛ה | wə·liḇ·neh | Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular | H3839 poplar |
| and terebinth | וְאֵלָ֖ה | wə·’ê·lāh | Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular | H424 terebinth |
| because | כִּ֣י | kî | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| their shade | צִלָּ֑הּ | ṣil·lāh | Noun - masculine singular construct; third person feminine singular | H6738 shadow |
| is pleasant | ט֣וֹב | ṭō·wḇ | Adjective - masculine singular | H2896 pleasant, agreeable, good |
| And so | עַל־ | ‘al- | Preposition | H5921 height |
| your daughters | בְּנ֣וֹתֵיכֶ֔ם | bə·nō·w·ṯê·ḵem | Noun - feminine plural construct; second person masculine plural | H1323 daughter |
| turn to prostitution | תִּזְנֶ֙ינָה֙ | tiz·ne·nāh | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine plural | H2181 commit fornication, be a harlot |
| and your daughters-in-law | וְכַלּוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם | wə·ḵal·lō·w·ṯê·ḵem | Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine plural construct; second person masculine plural | H3618 daughter-in-law, bride |
| to adultery | תְּנָאַֽפְנָה׃ | tə·nā·’ap̄·nāh | Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person feminine plural | H5003 commit adultery |
Hosea 4:14
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I will not | לֹֽא־ | lō- | Adverb - Negative particle | H3808 not |
| punish | אֶפְק֨וֹד | ’ep̄·qō·wḏ | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular | H6485 attend to, visit, muster, appoint |
| your daughters | בְּנוֹתֵיכֶ֜ם | bə·nō·w·ṯê·ḵem | Noun - feminine plural construct; second person masculine plural | H1323 daughter |
| when | כִּ֣י | kî | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| they prostitute themselves | תִזְנֶ֗ינָה | ṯiz·ne·nāh | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine plural | H2181 commit fornication, be a harlot |
| nor | וְעַל־ | wə·‘al- | Conjunctive waw; Preposition | H5921 height |
| your daughters-in-law | כַּלּֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ | kal·lō·w·ṯê·ḵem | Noun - feminine plural construct; second person masculine plural | H3618 daughter-in-law, bride |
| when | כִּ֣י | kî | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| they commit adultery | תְנָאַ֔פְנָה | ṯə·nā·’ap̄·nāh | Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person feminine plural | H5003 commit adultery |
| For | כִּי־ | kî- | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| the men themselves | הֵם֙ | hêm | Pronoun - third person masculine plural | H1992 they, them |
| go off | יְפָרֵ֔דוּ | yə·p̄ā·rê·ḏū | Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine plural | H6504 divide |
| with | עִם־ | ‘im- | Preposition | H5973 with |
| prostitutes | הַזֹּנ֣וֹת | haz·zō·nō·wṯ | Article; Noun - feminine plural | H2181 commit fornication, be a harlot |
| and offer sacrifices | יְזַבֵּ֑חוּ | yə·zab·bê·ḥū | Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine plural | H2076 slaughter for sacrifice |
| with | וְעִם־ | wə·‘im- | Conjunctive waw; Preposition | H5973 with |
| shrine prostitutes | הַקְּדֵשׁ֖וֹת | haq·qə·ḏê·šō·wṯ | Article; Adjective - feminine plural | H6948 female devotee |
| So a people | וְעָ֥ם | wə·‘ām | Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular | H5971 people |
| without | לֹֽא־ | lō- | Adverb - Negative particle | H3808 not |
| understanding | יָבִ֖ין | yā·ḇîn | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H995 discern |
| will come to ruin | יִלָּבֵֽט׃ | yil·lā·ḇêṭ | Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H3832 thrust down, out, or away |
Hosea 4:15
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Though | אִם־ | ’im- | Conjunction | H518 if |
| you | אַתָּה֙ | ’at·tāh | Pronoun - second person masculine singular | H859 thou |
| prostitute yourself | זֹנֶ֤ה | zō·neh | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular | H2181 commit fornication, be a harlot |
| O Israel | יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל | yiś·rā·’êl | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H3478 Israel |
| may Judah | יְהוּדָ֑ה | yə·hū·ḏāh | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H3063 Judah |
| avoid | אַל־ | ’al- | Adverb | H408 prohibition, do not . . ., let not . . . |
| such guilt | יֶאְשַׁ֖ם | ye’·šam | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H816 offend, be guilty |
| Do not | וְאַל־ | wə·’al- | Conjunctive waw; Adverb | H408 prohibition, do not . . ., let not . . . |
| journey | תָּבֹ֣אוּ | tā·ḇō·’ū | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural | H935 come in, come, go in, go |
| to Gilgal | הַגִּלְגָּ֗ל | hag·gil·gāl | Article; Noun - proper - feminine singular | H1537 Gilgal |
| do not go up | תַּעֲלוּ֙ | ta·‘ă·lū | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural | H5927 go up, ascend, climb |
| to Beth-aven | אָ֔וֶן | ’ā·wen | Noun - proper - feminine singular | H1007 Beth-Aven |
| and do not | וְאַֽל־ | wə·’al- | Conjunctive waw; Adverb | H408 prohibition, do not . . ., let not . . . |
| swear on oath | תִּשָּׁבְע֖וּ | tiš·šā·ḇə·‘ū | Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural | H7650 swear |
| As surely as the LORD | יְהוָֽה׃ | Yah·weh | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H3068 Yahweh |
| lives | חַי־ | ḥay- | Noun - masculine singular | H2416 alive, living |
Hosea 4:16
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| For | כִּ֚י | kî | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| Israel | יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל | yiś·rā·’êl | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H3478 Israel |
| is as obstinate | סֹֽרֵרָ֔ה | sō·rê·rāh | Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine singular | H5637 be stubborn, rebellious |
| as a stubborn | סָרַ֖ר | sā·rar | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H5637 be stubborn, rebellious |
| heifer | כְּפָרָ֣ה | kə·p̄ā·rāh | Preposition-k; Noun - feminine singular | H6510 heifer, cow |
| Can the LORD | יְהוָ֔ה | Yah·weh | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H3068 Yahweh |
| now | עַתָּה֙ | ‘at·tāh | Adverb | H6258 now |
| shepherd them | יִרְעֵ֣ם | yir·‘êm | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular; third person masculine plural | H7462 pasture, tend, graze |
| like lambs | כְּכֶ֖בֶשׂ | kə·ḵe·ḇeś | Preposition-k; Noun - masculine singular | H3532 lamb |
| in an open meadow | בַּמֶּרְחָֽב׃ | bam·mer·ḥāḇ | Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular | H4800 broad, roomy, place |
Hosea 4:17
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ephraim | אֶפְרָ֖יִם | ’ep̄·rā·yim | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H669 Ephraim |
| is joined | חֲב֧וּר | ḥă·ḇūr | Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine singular construct | H2266 unite |
| to idols | עֲצַבִּ֛ים | ‘ă·ṣab·bîm | Noun - masculine plural | H6091 idol |
| leave him alone | הַֽנַּֽח־ | han·naḥ- | Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singular | H5117 rest |
Hosea 4:18
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| When their liquor | סָבְאָ֑ם | sā·ḇə·’ām | Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine plural | H5435 drink, liquor |
| is gone | סָ֖ר | sār | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H5493 turn aside |
| they turn to prostitution | הַזְנֵ֣ה | haz·nêh | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive absolute | H2181 commit fornication, be a harlot |
| their rulers | מָגִנֶּֽיהָ׃ | mā·ḡin·ne·hā | Noun - masculine plural construct; third person feminine singular | H4043 shield |
| dearly love | אָהֲב֥וּ | ’ā·hă·ḇū | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural | H157 love |
| disgrace | קָל֖וֹן | qā·lō·wn | Noun - masculine singular | H7036 ignominy, dishonour |
Hosea 4:19
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The whirlwind | ר֛וּחַ | rū·aḥ | Noun - common singular | H7307 breath, wind, spirit |
| has wrapped | צָרַ֥ר | ṣā·rar | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H6887 bind, tie up, be restricted, narrow, scant, cramped |
| them | אוֹתָ֖הּ | ’ō·w·ṯāh | Direct object marker; third person feminine singular | H853 mark of the accusative |
| in its wings | בִּכְנָפֶ֑יהָ | biḵ·nā·p̄e·hā | Preposition-b; Noun - feminine plural construct; third person feminine singular | H3671 wing, extremity |
| and their sacrifices | מִזִּבְחוֹתָֽםס | miz·ziḇ·ḥō·ṯå̄·ms | Preposition-m; Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine plural | H2077 sacrifice |
| will bring them shame | וְיֵבֹ֖שׁוּ | wə·yê·ḇō·šū | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural | H954 be ashamed |
Cross-references
Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.
Hosea 4:12 Jeremiah 2:27 · Hosea 5:4 · Habakkuk 2:19 · Deuteronomy 31:16 · Numbers 15:39 · Isaiah 44:18–20
Hosea 4:13 Jeremiah 3:6 · Isaiah 1:29 · Ezekiel 6:13 · Amos 7:17
Hosea 4:14 Hosea 4:1 · 1 Corinthians 6:16 · Ephesians 4:18
Hosea 4:15 Hosea 12:11 · Hosea 9:15 · Amos 4:4 · Amos 5:5 · Jeremiah 5:2 · Hosea 10:5 · Ephesians 5:11 · Amos 8:14 · Hosea 5:8 · Hosea 10:8
Hosea 4:16 1 Samuel 15:11
Hosea 4:17 Psalm 81:12 · Revelation 22:11 · Hosea 13:2 · Matthew 15:14 · Hosea 11:2 · Hosea 4:4
Hosea 4:18 Proverbs 30:15–16 · Micah 3:11
Hosea 4:19 Jeremiah 51:1 · Isaiah 1:29 · Jeremiah 4:11–12 · Hosea 13:15
Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.
Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.