Isaiah

Isaiah 28:1–5

¹Woe to the majestic crown of Ephraim’s^a drunkards,

to the fading flower of his glorious splendor,

set on the summit above the fertile valley,

the pride of those overcome by wine.

²Behold, the Lord has one

who is strong and mighty.

Like a hailstorm or destructive tempest,

like a driving rain or flooding downpour,

he will smash that crown to the ground.

³The majestic crown of Ephraim’s drunkards

will be trampled underfoot.

⁴The fading flower of his beautiful splendor,

set on the summit above the fertile valley,

will be like a ripe fig before the summer harvest:

Whoever sees it will take it in his hand and swallow it.

⁵On that day the LORD of Hosts will be a crown of glory,

a diadem of splendor to the remnant of His people,

Footnotes

a 28:1 That is, the northern kingdom of Israel; also in verse 3

Read all of Isaiah 28

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

Isaiah 28:1

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Woe	ה֗וֹי	hō·w	Interjection	H1945 Ah, Alas, Ha
to the majestic	גֵּאוּת֙	gê·’ūṯ	Noun - feminine singular construct	H1348 majesty
crown	עֲטֶ֤רֶת	‘ă·ṭe·reṯ	Noun - feminine singular construct	H5850 crown, wreath
of Ephraim’s	אֶפְרַ֔יִם	’ep̄·ra·yim	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H669 Ephraim
drunkards	שִׁכֹּרֵ֣י	šik·kō·rê	Adjective - masculine plural construct	H7910 drunken
to the fading	נֹבֵ֖ל	nō·ḇêl	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular	H5034 be senseless, foolish
flower	וְצִ֥יץ	wə·ṣîṣ	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H6731 blossom, flower.
of his glorious	צְבִ֣י	ṣə·ḇî	Noun - masculine singular construct	H6643 beauty, honour
splendor	תִפְאַרְתּ֑וֹ	ṯip̄·’ar·tōw	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H8597 beauty, glory
set	אֲשֶׁ֛ר	’ă·šer	Pronoun - relative	H834 particle of relation
on	עַל־	‘al-	Preposition	H5921 height
the summit	רֹ֥אשׁ	rōš	Noun - masculine singular construct	H7218 head
above the fertile	שְׁמָנִ֖ים	šə·mā·nîm	Noun - masculine plural	H8081 fat, oil
valley	גֵּֽיא־	gê-	Noun - common singular construct	H1516 valley
of those overcome	הֲל֥וּמֵי	hă·lū·mê	Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - masculine plural construct	H1986 smite, hammer, strike down
by wine	יָֽיִן׃	yā·yin	Noun - masculine singular	H3196 wine

Isaiah 28:2

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Behold	הִנֵּ֨ה	hin·nêh	Interjection	H2009 lo! behold!
the Lord	לַֽאדֹנָ֔י	la·ḏō·nāy	Preposition-l; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H136 lord
strong	חָזָ֤ק	ḥā·zāq	Adjective - masculine singular	H2389 strong, stout, mighty
and mighty	וְאַמִּץ֙	wə·’am·miṣ	Conjunctive waw; Adjective - masculine singular	H533 be stout, strong, bold, alert
Like a hailstorm	בָּרָ֖ד	bā·rāḏ	Noun - masculine singular	H1259 hail
or destructive	קָ֑טֶב	qā·ṭeḇ	Noun - masculine singular	H6986 destruction
tempest	שַׂ֣עַר	śa·‘ar	Noun - masculine singular construct	H8178 horror
like a driving rain	כְּ֠זֶרֶם	kə·ze·rem	Preposition-k; Noun - masculine singular construct	H2230 flood of rain, rain-storm, downpour
or flooding downpour	כַּבִּירִ֥ים	kab·bî·rîm	Adjective - masculine plural	H3524 great, mighty, much
he will smash	הִנִּ֥יחַ	hin·nî·aḥ	Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H5117 rest
to the ground	לָאָ֖רֶץ	lā·’ā·reṣ	Preposition-l, Article; Noun - feminine singular	H776 earth, land

Isaiah 28:3

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
The majestic	גֵּא֖וּת	gê·’ūṯ	Noun - feminine singular construct	H1348 majesty
crown	עֲטֶ֥רֶת	‘ă·ṭe·reṯ	Noun - feminine singular construct	H5850 crown, wreath
of Ephraim’s	אֶפְרָֽיִם׃	’ep̄·rā·yim	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H669 Ephraim
drunkards	שִׁכּוֹרֵ֥י	šik·kō·w·rê	Adjective - masculine plural construct	H7910 drunken
will be trampled underfoot	תֵּֽרָמַ֑סְנָה	tê·rā·mas·nāh	Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person feminine plural	H7429 trample

Isaiah 28:4

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
The fading	נֹבֵל֙	nō·ḇêl	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular	H5034 be senseless, foolish
flower	צִיצַ֤ת	ṣî·ṣaṯ	Noun - feminine singular construct	H6733 flower
of his beautiful	צְבִ֣י	ṣə·ḇî	Noun - masculine singular construct	H6643 beauty, honour
splendor	תִפְאַרְתּ֔וֹ	ṯip̄·’ar·tōw	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H8597 beauty, glory
on	עַל־	‘al-	Preposition	H5921 height
the summit	רֹ֖אשׁ	rōš	Noun - masculine singular construct	H7218 head
above the fertile	שְׁמָנִ֑ים	šə·mā·nîm	Noun - masculine plural	H8081 fat, oil
valley	גֵּ֣יא	gê	Noun - common singular construct	H1516 valley
will be	וְֽהָ֨יְתָ֜ה	wə·hā·yə·ṯāh	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person feminine singular	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
like a ripe fig	כְּבִכּוּרָהּ֙	kə·ḇik·kū·rå̄h	Preposition-k; Noun - feminine singular	H1063 first ripe fig, early fig
before	בְּטֶ֣רֶם	bə·ṭe·rem	Preposition-b; Adverb	H2962 not yet, ere, before that
the summer harvest	קַ֔יִץ	qa·yiṣ	Noun - masculine singular	H7019 summer, summer-fruit
Whoever	יִרְאֶ֤ה	yir·’eh	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7200 see
sees it	הָֽרֹאֶה֙	hā·rō·’eh	Article; Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular	H7200 see
will take it	בְּעוֹדָ֥הּ	bə·‘ō·w·ḏāh	Preposition-b; Adverb; third person feminine singular	H5750 a going round, continuance
in his hand	בְּכַפּ֖וֹ	bə·ḵap·pōw	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H3709 hollow, or flat of the hand, palm, sole of foot, pan
swallow it	יִבְלָעֶֽנָּה׃ס	yiḇ·lā·‘en·nāh	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular; third person feminine singular	H1104 swallow down, swallow up, engulf

Isaiah 28:5

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
On that	הַה֗וּא	ha·hū	Article; Pronoun - third person masculine singular	H1931 he, she
day	בַּיּ֣וֹם	bay·yō·wm	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3117 day
the LORD	יְהוָ֣ה	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
of Hosts	צְבָא֔וֹת	ṣə·ḇā·’ō·wṯ	Noun - common plural	H6635 army, war, warfare
will be	יִֽהְיֶה֙	yih·yeh	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
a crown	לַעֲטֶ֣רֶת	la·‘ă·ṭe·reṯ	Preposition-l; Noun - feminine singular construct	H5850 crown, wreath
of glory	צְבִ֔י	ṣə·ḇî	Noun - masculine singular	H6643 beauty, honour
a diadem	וְלִצְפִירַ֖ת	wə·liṣ·p̄î·raṯ	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Noun - feminine singular construct	H6843 plait, chaplet
of splendor	תִּפְאָרָ֑ה	tip̄·’ā·rāh	Noun - feminine singular	H8597 beauty, glory
to the remnant	לִשְׁאָ֖ר	liš·’ār	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular construct	H7605 remain, be left over
of His people	עַמּֽוֹ׃	‘am·mōw	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H5971 people