Isaiah
Isaiah 28:18–22
18Your covenant with death will be dissolved,
and your agreement with Sheol will not stand.
When the overwhelming scourge passes through,
you will be trampled by it.
19As often as it passes through,
it will carry you away;
it will sweep through morning after morning,
by day and by night.”
The understanding of this message
will bring sheer terror.
20Indeed, the bed is too short to stretch out on,
and the blanket too small to wrap around you.
21For the LORD will rise up as at Mount Perazim.
He will rouse Himself as in the Valley of Gibeon,
to do His work, His strange work,
and to perform His task, His disturbing task.
22So now, do not mock,
or your shackles will become heavier.
Indeed, I have heard from the Lord GOD of Hosts
a decree of destruction against the whole land.
Word by word
Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.
Isaiah 28:18
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Your covenant | בְּרִֽיתְכֶם֙ | bə·rî·ṯə·ḵem | Noun - feminine singular construct; second person masculine plural | H1285 covenant |
| with | אֶת־ | ’eṯ- | Preposition | H854 with |
| death | מָ֔וֶת | mā·weṯ | Noun - masculine singular | H4194 death |
| will be dissolved | וְכֻפַּ֤ר | wə·ḵup·par | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Pual - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular | H3722 cover over (figurative), pacify, make propitiation |
| and your agreement | וְחָזוּתְכֶ֥ם | wə·ḥā·zū·ṯə·ḵem | Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular construct; second person masculine plural | H2380 vision, conspicuousness |
| with | אֶת־ | ’eṯ- | Preposition | H854 with |
| Sheol | שְׁא֖וֹל | šə·’ō·wl | Noun - common singular | H7585 underworld |
| will not | לֹ֣א | lō | Adverb - Negative particle | H3808 not |
| stand | תָק֑וּם | ṯā·qūm | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular | H6965 arise, stand up, stand |
| When | כִּ֣י | kî | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| the overwhelming | שׁוֹטֵף֙ | šō·w·ṭêp̄ | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular | H7857 overflow, rinse or wash off |
| scourge | שׁ֤וֹט | šō·wṭ | Noun - masculine singular | H7752 scourge, whip |
| passes through | יַֽעֲבֹ֔ר | ya·‘ă·ḇōr | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H5674 pass over, through, by, pass on |
| you will be | וִהְיִ֥יתֶם | wih·yî·ṯem | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine plural | H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be |
| trampled by it | לְמִרְמָֽס׃ | lə·mir·mās | Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular | H4823 trampling-place, trampling |
Isaiah 28:19
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| As often as | מִדֵּ֤י | mid·dê | Preposition-m; Noun - masculine singular construct | H1767 sufficiency, enough |
| it passes through | עָבְרוֹ֙ | ‘ā·ḇə·rōw | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct; third person masculine singular | H5674 pass over, through, by, pass on |
| it will carry you away | יִקַּ֣ח | yiq·qaḥ | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H3947 take |
| it will sweep through | יַעֲבֹ֖ר | ya·‘ă·ḇōr | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H5674 pass over, through, by, pass on |
| morning | בַבֹּ֧קֶר | ḇab·bō·qer | Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular | H1242 morning |
| after morning | בַּבֹּ֛קֶר | bab·bō·qer | Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular | H1242 morning |
| by day | בַּיּ֣וֹם | bay·yō·wm | Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular | H3117 day |
| and by night | וּבַלָּ֑יְלָה | ū·ḇal·lā·yə·lāh | Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular | H3915 twist, night, adversity |
| The understanding | הָבִ֥ין | hā·ḇîn | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | H995 discern |
| of | שְׁמוּעָֽה׃ | šə·mū·‘āh | Noun - feminine singular | H8052 report |
| sheer | רַק־ | raq- | Adverb | H7535 thin |
| terror | זְוָעָ֖ה | zə·wā·‘āh | Noun - feminine singular | H2113 a trembling |
Isaiah 28:20
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indeed | כִּֽי־ | kî- | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| the bed | הַמַּצָּ֖ע | ham·maṣ·ṣā‘ | Article; Noun - masculine singular | H4702 couch, bed |
| is too short | קָצַ֥ר | qā·ṣar | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H7114 be short |
| to stretch out on | מֵֽהִשְׂתָּרֵ֑עַ | mê·hiś·tā·rê·a‘ | Preposition-m; Verb - Hitpael - Infinitive construct | H8311 extend |
| and the blanket | וְהַמַּסֵּכָ֥ה | wə·ham·mas·sê·ḵāh | Conjunctive waw, Article; Noun - feminine singular | H4541 molten metal, or image |
| too small | צָ֖רָה | ṣā·rāh | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular | H6887 bind, tie up, be restricted, narrow, scant, cramped |
| to wrap around you | כְּהִתְכַּנֵּֽס׃ | kə·hiṯ·kan·nês | Preposition-k; Verb - Hitpael - Infinitive construct | H3664 gather, collect |
Isaiah 28:21
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| For | כִּ֤י | kî | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| the LORD | יְהוָ֔ה | Yah·weh | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H3068 Yahweh |
| will rise up | יָק֣וּם | yā·qūm | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H6965 arise, stand up, stand |
| as at Mount | כְהַר־ | ḵə·har- | Preposition-k; Noun - masculine singular construct | H2022 mountain, hill, hill-country |
| Perazim | פְּרָצִים֙ | pə·rā·ṣîm | Noun - masculine plural | H6559 Peratsim |
| He will rouse Himself | יִרְגָּ֑ז | yir·gāz | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H7264 be agitated, quiver, quake, be excited, perturbed |
| as | כְּעֵ֖מֶק | kə·‘ê·meq | Preposition-k; Noun - masculine singular | H6010 vale |
| of Gibeon | בְּגִבְע֣וֹן | bə·ḡiḇ·‘ō·wn | Preposition-b; Noun - proper - feminine singular | H1391 Gibon |
| to do | לַעֲשׂ֤וֹת | la·‘ă·śō·wṯ | Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | H6213 do, make |
| His work | מַעֲשֵׂ֙הוּ֙ | ma·‘ă·śê·hū | Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H4639 deed, work |
| His strange | זָ֣ר | zār | Adjective - masculine singular | H2114 be a stranger |
| work | מַעֲשֵׂ֔הוּ | ma·‘ă·śê·hū | Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H4639 deed, work |
| and to perform | וְלַֽעֲבֹד֙ | wə·la·‘ă·ḇōḏ | Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | H5647 work, serve |
| His task | עֲבֹ֣דָת֔וֹ | ‘ă·ḇō·ḏā·ṯōw | Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H5656 labour, service |
| His disturbing | נָכְרִיָּ֖ה | nā·ḵə·rî·yāh | Adjective - feminine singular | H5237 foreign, alien |
| task | עֲבֹדָתֽוֹ׃ | ‘ă·ḇō·ḏā·ṯōw | Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H5656 labour, service |
Isaiah 28:22
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| So now | וְעַתָּה֙ | wə·‘at·tāh | Conjunctive waw; Adverb | H6258 now |
| do not | אַל־ | ’al- | Adverb | H408 prohibition, do not . . ., let not . . . |
| mock | תִּתְלוֹצָ֔צוּ | tiṯ·lō·w·ṣā·ṣū | Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - second person masculine plural | H3887 scorn |
| or | פֶּֽן־ | pen- | Conjunction | H6435 lest |
| your shackles | מֽוֹסְרֵיכֶ֑ם | mō·ws·rê·ḵem | Noun - masculine plural construct; second person masculine plural | H4147 chastisement, halter, restraint |
| will become heavier | יֶחְזְק֖וּ | yeḥ·zə·qū | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural | H2388 be or grow firm, strong, strengthen |
| Indeed | כִּֽי־ | kî- | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| I have heard | שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי | šā·ma‘·tî | Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular | H8085 hear |
| from the Lord | אֲדֹנָ֧י | ’ă·ḏō·nāy | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H136 lord |
| GOD | יְהוִ֛ה | Yah·weh | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H3069 Yahweh |
| of Hosts | צְבָא֖וֹת | ṣə·ḇā·’ō·wṯ | Noun - common plural | H6635 army, war, warfare |
| a decree | וְנֶחֱרָצָ֜ה | wə·ne·ḥĕ·rā·ṣāh | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Participle - feminine singular | H2782 cut, sharpen, decide |
| of destruction | כָלָ֨ה | ḵā·lāh | Noun - feminine singular | H3617 completion, complete destruction, consumption, annihilation |
| against | עַל־ | ‘al- | Preposition | H5921 height |
| the whole | כָּל־ | kāl- | Noun - masculine singular construct | H3605 the whole, all |
| land | הָאָֽרֶץ׃ | hā·’ā·reṣ | Article; Noun - feminine singular | H776 earth, land |
Cross-references
Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.
Isaiah 28:18 Isaiah 7:7 · Isaiah 8:10 · Isaiah 28:15 · Daniel 11:40 · Isaiah 28:3 · Malachi 4:1–3
Isaiah 28:19 Habakkuk 3:16 · Daniel 8:27 · Luke 21:25–26 · Isaiah 10:5–6 · Isaiah 33:7 · 2 Kings 24:2 · Jeremiah 19:3 · Isaiah 50:4 · Daniel 7:28 · Isaiah 37:3 · Isaiah 36:22
Isaiah 28:20 Isaiah 64:6 · 1 Corinthians 1:18–31 · Romans 9:30–32 · Isaiah 59:5–6 · Isaiah 57:12–13 · Isaiah 66:3–6 · Jeremiah 7:8–10
Isaiah 28:21 1 Chronicles 14:11 · Joshua 10:12 · 2 Samuel 5:20 · Joshua 10:10 · 2 Samuel 5:25 · Lamentations 2:15 · 1 Chronicles 14:16 · Isaiah 28:19 · Luke 19:41–44 · Isaiah 29:14 · Deuteronomy 29:21–24
Isaiah 28:22 Isaiah 10:22–23 · Isaiah 24:1–23 · Lamentations 1:14 · Daniel 9:26–27 · Acts 17:32 · Matthew 27:44 · Luke 21:24 · Isaiah 28:14–15 · Revelation 22:18–19 · Jeremiah 25:11 · Psalm 107:16 · 2 Chronicles 30:10
Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.
Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.