Proverbs

Proverbs 31:15–19

¹⁵She rises while it is still night

to provide food for her household

and portions for her maidservants.

¹⁶She appraises a field and buys it;

from her earnings she plants a vineyard.

¹⁷She girds herself^c with strength

and shows that her arms are strong.

¹⁸She sees that her gain is good,

and her lamp is not extinguished at night.

¹⁹She stretches out her hands to the distaff

and grasps the spindle with her fingers.

Footnotes

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
She rises	וַתָּ֤קָם׀	wat·tā·qām	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular	H6965 arise, stand up, stand
while it is still	בְּע֬וֹד	bə·‘ō·wḏ	Preposition-b; Adverb	H5750 a going round, continuance
night	לַ֗יְלָה	lay·lāh	Noun - masculine singular	H3915 twist, night, adversity
to provide	וַתִּתֵּ֣ן	wat·tit·tên	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular	H5414 give, put, set
food	טֶ֣רֶף	ṭe·rep̄	Noun - masculine singular	H2964 prey, food; leaf
for her household	לְבֵיתָ֑הּ	lə·ḇê·ṯāh	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person feminine singular	H1004 house
and portions	וְ֝חֹ֗ק	wə·ḥōq	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H2706 something prescribed, a statute or due
for her maidservants	לְנַעֲרֹתֶֽיהָ׃	lə·na·‘ă·rō·ṯe·hā	Preposition-l; Noun - feminine plural construct; third person feminine singular	H5291 girl, damsel

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
She appraises	זָמְמָ֣ה	zā·mə·māh	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular	H2161 consider, purpose, devise
a field	שָׂ֭דֶה	śā·d̲eh	Noun - masculine singular	H7704 id.
and buys it	וַתִּקָּחֵ֑הוּ	wat·tiq·qā·ḥê·hū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular; third person masculine singular	H3947 take
from her earnings	מִפְּרִ֥י	mip·pə·rî	Preposition-m; Noun - masculine singular construct	H6529 fruit
she plants	נְטַע	nə·ṭaʿ	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular	H5193 strike, fix, plant
a vineyard	כָּֽרֶם׃	kā·rem	Noun - masculine singular	H3754 vineyard

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
She girds herself	חָֽגְרָ֣ה	ḥā·ḡə·rāh	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular	H2296 gird, gird on, gird oneself
with strength	בְע֣וֹז	ḇə·‘ō·wz	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular	H5797 strength, might
and shows that her arms	זְרֹעוֹתֶֽיהָ׃	zə·rō·‘ō·w·ṯe·hā	Noun - feminine plural construct; third person feminine singular	H2220 arm, shoulder, strength
are strong	וַ֝תְּאַמֵּ֗ץ	wat·tə·’am·mêṣ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular	H553 be alert

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
She sees	טָ֭עֲמָה	ṭā·‘ă·māh	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular	H2938 taste, perceive
that	כִּי־	kî-	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
her gain	סַחְרָ֑הּ	saḥ·rāh	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person feminine singular	H5504 traffic, gain
good	ט֣וֹב	ṭō·wḇ	Adjective - masculine singular	H2896 pleasant, agreeable, good
and her lamp	נֵרָֽהּ׃	nê·rāh	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person feminine singular	H5216 lamp
is not	לֹֽא־	lō-	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
extinguished	יִכְבֶּ֖ה	yiḵ·beh	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H3518 be quenched, extinguished, go out
at night	בַלַּיִל	ḇal·la·yil	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3915 twist, night, adversity

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
She stretches	שִׁלְּחָ֣ה	šil·lə·ḥāh	Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person feminine singular	H7971 send
out her hands	יָ֭דֶיהָ	yā·ḏe·hā	Noun - feminine dual construct; third person feminine singular	H3027 hand
to the distaff	בַכִּישׁ֑וֹר	ḇak·kî·šō·wr	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3601 distaff
and grasps	תָּ֣מְכוּ	tā·mə·ḵū	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural	H8551 grasp, support, attain
the spindle	פָֽלֶךְ׃	p̄ā·leḵ	Noun - masculine singular	H6418 whirl of spindle.
with her fingers	וְ֝כַפֶּ֗יהָ	wə·ḵap·pe·hā	Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine dual construct; third person feminine singular	H3709 hollow, or flat of the hand, palm, sole of foot, pan