Exodus

Exodus 22:7–13

⁷If a man gives his neighbor money or goods for safekeeping and they are stolen from the neighbor’s house, the thief, if caught, must pay back double. ⁸If the thief is not found, the owner of the house must appear before the judges^b to determine whether he has taken his neighbor’s property.

⁹In all cases of illegal possession of an ox, a donkey, a sheep, a garment, or any lost item that someone claims, ‘This is mine,’ both parties shall bring their cases before the judges. The one whom the judges find guilty^c must pay back double to his neighbor.

¹⁰If a man gives a donkey, an ox, a sheep, or any other animal to be cared for by his neighbor, but it dies or is injured or stolen while no one is watching, ¹¹an oath before the LORD shall be made between the parties to determine whether or not the man has taken his neighbor’s property. The owner must accept the oath and require no restitution.

¹²But if the animal was actually stolen from the neighbor, he must make restitution to the owner.

¹³If the animal was torn to pieces, he shall bring it as evidence; he need not make restitution for the torn carcass.

Footnotes

b 22:8 Or before God; also in verse 9
c 22:9 Or whom God condemns

Read all of Exodus 22

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

Exodus 22:7

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
If	כִּֽי־	kî-	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
a man	אִ֨ישׁ	’îš	Noun - masculine singular	H376 man
gives	יִתֵּן֩	yit·tên	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5414 give, put, set
his neighbor	רֵעֵ֜הוּ	rê·‘ê·hū	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H7453 shouting, roar
money	כֶּ֤סֶף	ke·sep̄	Noun - masculine singular	H3701 silver, money
or	אֽוֹ־	’ōw-	Conjunction	H176 or
goods	כֵלִים֙	ḵê·lîm	Noun - masculine plural	H3627 article, utensil, vessel
for safekeeping	לִשְׁמֹ֔ר	liš·mōr	Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H8104 keep, watch, preserve
and they are stolen	וְגֻנַּ֖ב	wə·ḡun·naḇ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Pual - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H1589 steal
from the neighbor’s	הָאִ֑ישׁ	hā·’îš	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H376 man
house	מִבֵּ֣ית	mib·bêṯ	Preposition-m; Noun - masculine singular construct	H1004 house
the thief	הַגַּנָּ֖ב	hag·gan·nāḇ	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H1590 thief
if	אִם־	’im-	Conjunction	H518 if
caught	יִמָּצֵ֥א	yim·mā·ṣê	Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H4672 attain to, find
must pay back	יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם	yə·šal·lêm	Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7999 be complete, sound
double	שְׁנָֽיִם׃	šə·nā·yim	Number - md	H8147 two

Exodus 22:8

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
If	אִם־	’im-	Conjunction	H518 if
the thief	הַגַּנָּ֔ב	hag·gan·nāḇ	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H1590 thief
is not	לֹ֤א	lō	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
found	יִמָּצֵא֙	yim·mā·ṣê	Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H4672 attain to, find
the owner	בַּֽעַל־	ba·‘al-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H1167 owner, lord
of the house	הַבַּ֖יִת	hab·ba·yiṯ	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H1004 house
must appear	וְנִקְרַ֥ב	wə·niq·raḇ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H7126 come near, approach
before	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
the judges	הָֽאֱלֹהִ֑ים	hā·’ĕ·lō·hîm	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H430 God
to determine whether	אִם־	’im-	Conjunction	H518 if
he has taken	שָׁלַ֛ח	šā·laḥ	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H7971 send
his neighbor’s	רֵעֵֽהוּ׃	rê·‘ê·hū	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H7453 shouting, roar
property	בִּמְלֶ֥אכֶת	bim·le·ḵeṯ	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct	H4399 occupation, work

Exodus 22:9

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
In	עַֽל־	‘al-	Preposition	H5921 height
all	כָּל־	kāl-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
cases	דְּבַר־	də·ḇar-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H1697 speech, word
of illegal possession	פֶּ֡שַׁע	pe·ša‘	Noun - masculine singular	H6588 transgression
of	עַל־	‘al-	Preposition	H5921 height
an ox	שׁ֡וֹר	šō·wr	Noun - masculine singular	H7794 head of cattle
a donkey	חֲ֠מוֹר	ḥă·mō·wr	Noun - masculine singular	H2543 heap
a sheep	שֶׂ֨ה	śeh	Noun - masculine singular	H7716 one of a flock, a sheep (or goat)
a garment	שַׂלְמָ֜ה	śal·māh	Noun - feminine singular	H8008 id.
or any	כָּל־	kāl-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
lost item	אֲבֵדָ֗ה	’ă·ḇê·ḏāh	Noun - feminine singular	H9 a lost thing
that	אֲשֶׁ֤ר	’ă·šer	Pronoun - relative	H834 particle of relation
someone claims	יֹאמַר֙	yō·mar	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H559 utter, say
This	זֶ֔ה	zeh	Pronoun - masculine singular	H2088 this, that
is mine	ה֣וּא	hū	Pronoun - third person masculine singular	H1931 he, she
both parties	שְׁנֵיהֶ֑ם	šə·nê·hem	Number - masculine dual construct; third person masculine plural	H8147 two
shall bring	יָבֹ֖א	yā·ḇō	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H935 come in, come, go in, go
their cases	דְּבַר־	də·ḇar-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H1697 speech, word
before	עַ֚ד	‘aḏ	Preposition	H5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while
the judges	הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים	hā·’ĕ·lō·hîm	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H430 God
The one whom the judges	אֱלֹהִ֔ים	’ĕ·lō·hîm	Noun - masculine plural	H430 God
find guilty	יַרְשִׁיעֻן֙	yar·šî·‘un	Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine plural; Paragogic nun	H7561 be wicked, act wickedly
must pay back	יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם	yə·šal·lêm	Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7999 be complete, sound
double	שְׁנַ֖יִם	šə·na·yim	Number - md	H8147 two
to his neighbor	לְרֵעֵֽהוּ׃ס	lə·rê·‘ê·hū	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H7453 shouting, roar

Exodus 22:10

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
If	כִּֽי־	kî-	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
a man	אִ֨ישׁ	’îš	Noun - masculine singular	H376 man
gives	יִתֵּן֩	yit·tên	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5414 give, put, set
a donkey	חֲמ֨וֹר	ḥă·mō·wr	Noun - masculine singular	H2543 heap
an ox	שׁ֥וֹר	šō·wr	Noun - masculine singular	H7794 head of cattle
a sheep	שֶׂ֛ה	śeh	Noun - masculine singular	H7716 one of a flock, a sheep (or goat)
or any	וְכָל־	wə·ḵāl	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
other animal	בְּהֵמָ֖ה	bə·hê·māh	Noun - feminine singular	H929 beast, animal, cattle
to be cared for	לִשְׁמֹ֑ר	liš·mōr	Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H8104 keep, watch, preserve
by his neighbor	רֵעֵ֜הוּ	rê·‘ê·hū	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H7453 shouting, roar
but it dies	וּמֵ֛ת	ū·mêṯ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H4191 die
or	אוֹ־	’ōw-	Conjunction	H176 or
is injured	נִשְׁבַּ֥ר	niš·bar	Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H7665 break, break in pieces
or	אוֹ־	’ōw-	Conjunction	H176 or
stolen	נִשְׁבָּ֖ה	niš·bāh	Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H7617 take captive
while no	אֵ֥ין	’ên	Adverb	H369 nothing, nought
one is watching	רֹאֶֽה׃	rō·’eh	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular	H7200 see

Exodus 22:11

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
an oath	שְׁבֻעַ֣ת	šə·ḇu·‘aṯ	Noun - feminine singular construct	H7621 oath, curse
before the LORD	יְהוָ֗ה	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
shall be made	תִּהְיֶה֙	tih·yeh	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
between	בֵּ֣ין	bên	Preposition	H996 interval, space between
the parties	שְׁנֵיהֶ֔ם	šə·nê·hem	Number - masculine dual construct; third person masculine plural	H8147 two
to determine whether	אִם־	’im-	Conjunction	H518 if
or not	לֹ֥א	lō	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
the man has taken	שָׁלַ֛ח	šā·laḥ	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H7971 send
his neighbor’s	רֵעֵ֑הוּ	rê·‘ê·hū	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H7453 shouting, roar
property	בִּמְלֶ֣אכֶת	bim·le·ḵeṯ	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct	H4399 occupation, work
The owner	בְּעָלָ֖יו	bə·‘ā·lāw	Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H1167 owner, lord
must accept	וְלָקַ֥ח	wə·lā·qaḥ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H3947 take
and require no	וְלֹ֥א	wə·lō	Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
restitution	יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃	yə·šal·lêm	Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7999 be complete, sound

Exodus 22:12

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
But if	וְאִם־	wə·’im-	Conjunction	H518 if
was actually	גָּנֹ֥ב	gā·nōḇ	Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolute	H1589 steal
stolen	יִגָּנֵ֖ב	yig·gā·nêḇ	Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1589 steal
from	מֵעִמּ֑וֹ	mê·‘im·mōw	Preposition-m; third person masculine singular	H5973 with
he must make restitution	יְשַׁלֵּ֖ם	yə·šal·lêm	Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7999 be complete, sound
to the owner	לִבְעָלָֽיו׃	liḇ·‘ā·lāw	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H1167 owner, lord

Exodus 22:13

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
If	אִם־	’im-	Conjunction	H518 if
was torn to pieces	טָרֹ֥ף	ṭā·rōp̄	Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolute	H2963 tear, rend, pluck
he shall bring	יְבִאֵ֣הוּ	yə·ḇi·’ê·hū	Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular; third person masculine singular	H935 come in, come, go in, go
it as evidence	עֵ֑ד	‘êḏ	Noun - masculine singular construct	H5707 witness
he need not	לֹ֥א	lō	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
make restitution	יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃פ	yə·šal·lêm	Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7999 be complete, sound
for the torn carcass	הַטְּרֵפָ֖ה	haṭ·ṭə·rê·p̄āh	Article; Noun - feminine singular	H2966 animal torn

Cross-references

Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.

Exodus 22:7 Exodus 22:4 · Proverbs 6:30–31

Exodus 22:8 Exodus 22:28 · Exodus 21:6 · Deuteronomy 16:18

Exodus 22:9 Deuteronomy 25:1 · Numbers 5:6–7 · Exodus 22:4 · Exodus 23:6–8 · 2 Chronicles 19:10 · Matthew 18:35 · Luke 17:3–4 · 1 Kings 8:31 · Exodus 18:21–22 · Exodus 22:28 · Matthew 6:14–15 · Matthew 18:15

Exodus 22:11 Hebrews 6:16

Exodus 22:12 Genesis 31:39

Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.

Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.