Ezekiel

Ezekiel 31:10–14

¹⁰Therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: ‘Since it became great^c in height and set its top among the clouds,^d and it grew proud on account of its height, ¹¹I delivered it into the hand of the ruler of the nations, for him to deal with it according to its wickedness. I have banished it.

¹²Foreigners, the most ruthless of the nations, cut it down and left it. Its branches have fallen on the mountains and in every valley; its boughs lay broken in all the earth’s ravines. And all the peoples of the earth left its shade and abandoned it.

¹³All the birds of the air nested on its fallen trunk, and all the beasts of the field lived among its boughs. ¹⁴This happened so that no other trees by the waters would become great in height and set their tops among the clouds, and no other well-watered trees would reach them in height. For they have all been consigned to death, to the depths of the earth, among the mortals who descend to the Pit.’

Footnotes

c 31:10 Hebrew you became great
d 31:10 Or through the thick boughs

Read all of Ezekiel 31

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

Ezekiel 31:10

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Therefore	לָכֵ֗ן	lā·ḵên	Adverb	H3651 right, veritable, honest
this is what	כֹּ֤ה	kōh	Adverb	H3541 thus, here
the Lord	אֲדֹנָ֣י	’ă·ḏō·nāy	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H136 lord
GOD	יְהוִ֔ה	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3069 Yahweh
says	אָמַר֙	’ā·mar	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H559 utter, say
Since	יַ֕עַן	ya·‘an	Adverb	H3282 purpose, intention
it became great	גָּבַ֖הְתָּ	gā·ḇah·tā	Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular	H1361 be high, exalted
in height	בְּקוֹמָ֑ה	bə·qō·w·māh	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular	H6967 height
and set	וַיִּתֵּ֤ן	way·yit·tên	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5414 give, put, set
its top	צַמַּרְתּוֹ֙	ṣam·mar·tōw	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H6788 top
among	בֵּ֣ין	bên	Preposition	H996 interval, space between
the clouds	עֲבוֹתִ֔ים	‘ă·ḇō·w·ṯîm	Noun - common plural	H5688 (twisted) cord, rope; cordage; interwoven foliage (?)
and it grew proud	וְרָ֥ם	wə·rām	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H7311 be high, exalted, rise
on account of its height	בְּגָבְהֽוֹ׃	bə·ḡā·ḇə·hōw	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H1363 height

Ezekiel 31:11

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
I delivered it	וְאֶ֨תְּנֵ֔הוּ	wə·’et·tə·nê·hū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - first person common singular; third person masculine singular	H5414 give, put, set
into the hand	בְּיַ֖ד	bə·yaḏ	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct	H3027 hand
of the ruler	אֵ֣יל	’êl	Noun - masculine singular construct	H352 ram
of the nations	גּוֹיִ֑ם	gō·w·yim	Noun - masculine plural	H1471 nation, people
for him	עָשׂ֤וֹ	‘ā·śōw	Verb - Qal - Infinitive absolute	H6213 do, make
to deal	יַֽעֲשֶׂה֙	ya·‘ă·śeh	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H6213 do, make
with it	ל֔וֹ	lōw	Preposition; third person masculine singular
according to its wickedness	כְּרִשְׁע֖וֹ	kə·riš·‘ōw	Preposition-k; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H7562 wickedness
I have banished it	גֵּרַשְׁתִּֽהוּ׃	gê·raš·ti·hū	Verb - Piel - Perfect - first person common singular; third person masculine singular	H1644 drive out, cast out

Ezekiel 31:12

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Foreigners	זָרִ֛ים	zā·rîm	Adjective - masculine plural	H2114 be a stranger
the most ruthless	עָרִיצֵ֥י	‘ā·rî·ṣê	Adjective - masculine plural construct	H6184 awe-inspiring, terror-striking
of the nations	גוֹיִ֖ם	ḡō·w·yim	Noun - masculine plural	H1471 nation, people
cut it down	וַיִּכְרְתֻ֧הוּ	way·yiḵ·rə·ṯu·hū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural; third person masculine singular	H3772 cut off, cut down
and left it	וַֽיִּטְּשֻׁ֑הוּ	way·yiṭ·ṭə·šu·hū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural; third person masculine singular	H5203 leave, forsake, permit
Its branches	דָלִיּוֹתָ֗יו	ḏā·lî·yō·w·ṯāw	Noun - feminine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H1808 dangling, bough
have fallen	נָפְל֣וּ	nā·p̄ə·lū	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural	H5307 fall, lie
on	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
the mountains	הֶ֠הָרִים	he·hā·rîm	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H2022 mountain, hill, hill-country
and in every	וּבְכָל־	ū·ḇə·ḵāl	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
valley	גֵּ֨אָי֜וֹת	gê·’ā·yō·wṯ	Noun - common plural	H1516 valley
its boughs	פֹֽארֹתָיו֙	p̄ō·rō·ṯāw	Noun - feminine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H6288 bough
lay broken	וַתִּשָּׁבַ֤רְנָה	wat·tiš·šā·ḇar·nāh	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine plural	H7665 break, break in pieces
in all	בְּכֹל֙	bə·ḵōl	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
the earth’s	הָאָ֔רֶץ	hā·’ā·reṣ	Article; Noun - feminine singular	H776 earth, land
ravines	אֲפִיקֵ֣י	’ă·p̄î·qê	Noun - masculine plural construct	H650 channel
And all	כָּל־	kāl-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
the peoples	עַמֵּ֥י	‘am·mê	Noun - masculine plural construct	H5971 people
of the earth	הָאָ֖רֶץ	hā·’ā·reṣ	Article; Noun - feminine singular	H776 earth, land
left	וַיֵּרְד֧וּ	way·yê·rə·ḏū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H3381 come or go down, descend
its shade	מִצִּלּ֛וֹ	miṣ·ṣil·lōw	Preposition-m; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H6738 shadow
and abandoned it	וַֽיִּטְּשֻֽׁהוּ׃	way·yiṭ·ṭə·šu·hū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural; third person masculine singular	H5203 leave, forsake, permit

Ezekiel 31:13

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
All	כָּל־	kāl-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
the birds	ע֣וֹף	‘ō·wp̄	Noun - masculine singular construct	H5775 flying creatures, fowl, insects
of the air	הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם	haš·šā·mā·yim	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H8064 sky, aloft
nested	יִשְׁכְּנ֖וּ	yiš·kə·nū	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural	H7931 settle down, abide, dwell
on	עַל־	‘al-	Preposition	H5921 height
its fallen trunk	מַפַּלְתּ֥וֹ	map·pal·tōw	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H4658 carcass, ruin, overthrow
and all	כֹּ֖ל	kōl	Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
the beasts	חַיַּ֥ת	ḥay·yaṯ	Noun - feminine singular construct	H2416 alive, living
of the field	הַשָּׂדֶֽה׃	haś·śā·ḏeh	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H7704 id.
lived	הָי֔וּ	hā·yū	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
among	וְאֶל־	wə·’el-	Conjunctive waw; Preposition	H413 motion to
its boughs	פֹּארֹתָ֣יו	pō·rō·ṯāw	Noun - feminine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H6288 bough

Ezekiel 31:14

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
This happened so that	לְמַ֡עַן	lə·ma·‘an	Conjunction	H4616 purpose, intent
no	לֹא־	lō-	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
other	כָּל־	kāl-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
trees	עֲצֵי־	‘ă·ṣê-	Noun - masculine plural construct	H6086 tree, trees, wood
by the waters	מַ֗יִם	ma·yim	Noun - masculine plural	H4325 water, juice, urine
would become great	יִגְבְּה֨וּ	yiḡ·bə·hū	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural	H1361 be high, exalted
in height	בְקוֹמָתָ֜ם	ḇə·qō·w·mā·ṯām	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine plural	H6967 height
and	וְלֹֽא־	wə·lō-	Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
set	יִתְּנ֤וּ	yit·tə·nū	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural	H5414 give, put, set
their tops	צַמַּרְתָּם֙	ṣam·mar·tām	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine plural	H6788 top
among	בֵּ֣ין	bên	Preposition	H996 interval, space between
the clouds	עֲבֹתִ֔ים	‘ă·ḇō·ṯîm	Noun - common plural	H5688 (twisted) cord, rope; cordage; interwoven foliage (?)
and no other	וְלֹֽא־	wə·lō-	Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
well-watered	שֹׁ֣תֵי	šō·ṯê	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct	H8354 drink
trees	אֵלֵיהֶ֛ם	’ê·lê·hem	Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine plural	H352 ram
would reach them	יַעַמְד֧וּ	ya·‘am·ḏū	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural	H5975 take one's stand, stand
in height	בְּגָבְהָ֖ם	bə·ḡā·ḇə·hām	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine plural	H1363 height
For	כִּֽי־	kî-	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
they have all	כֻלָּם֩	ḵul·lām	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine plural	H3605 the whole, all
been consigned	נִתְּנ֨וּ	nit·tə·nū	Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural	H5414 give, put, set
to death	לַמָּ֜וֶת	lam·mā·weṯ	Preposition-l, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H4194 death
to	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
the depths	תַּחְתִּ֗ית	taḥ·tîṯ	Adjective - feminine singular	H8482 lower, lowest
of the earth	אֶ֣רֶץ	’e·reṣ	Noun - feminine singular	H776 earth, land
among	בְּת֛וֹךְ	bə·ṯō·wḵ	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct	H8432 midst
the mortals	בְּנֵ֥י	bə·nê	Noun - masculine plural construct	H1121 son
who descend	י֥וֹרְדֵי	yō·wr·ḏê	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct	H3381 come or go down, descend
to the Pit	בֽוֹר׃ס	ḇō·wr	Noun - masculine singular	H953 pit, cistern, well