Psalms

Psalm 114:1–8

¹When Israel departed from Egypt,

the house of Jacob from a people of foreign tongue,

²Judah became God’s sanctuary,

Israel His dominion.

³The sea observed and fled;

the Jordan turned back;

⁴the mountains skipped like rams,

the hills like lambs.

⁵Why was it, O sea, that you fled,

O Jordan, that you turned back,

⁶O mountains, that you skipped like rams,

O hills, like lambs?

⁷Tremble, O earth, at the presence of the Lord,

at the presence of the God of Jacob,

⁸who turned the rock into a pool,

the flint into a fountain of water!

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
When Israel	יִ֭שְׂרָאֵל	yiś·rā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel
departed	בְּצֵ֣את	bə·ṣêṯ	Preposition-b; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H3318 go or come out
from Egypt	מִמִּצְרָ֑יִם	mim·miṣ·rā·yim	Preposition-m; Noun - proper - feminine singular	H4714 Egypt, Egyptians
the house	בֵּ֥ית	bêṯ	Noun - masculine singular construct	H1004 house
of Jacob	יַ֝עֲקֹ֗ב	ya·‘ă·qōḇ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3290 Jacob
from a people	מֵעַ֥ם	mê·‘am	Preposition-m; Noun - masculine singular	H5971 people
of foreign tongue	לֹעֵֽז׃	lō·‘êz	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular	H3937 talk indistinctly, unintelligibly

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Judah	יְהוּדָ֣ה	yə·hū·ḏāh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3063 Judah
became	הָיְתָ֣ה	hā·yə·ṯāh	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
sanctuary	לְקָדְשׁ֑וֹ	lə·qā·ḏə·šōw	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H6944 sacred, sanctity
Israel	יִ֝שְׂרָאֵ֗ל	yiś·rā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel
His dominion	מַמְשְׁלוֹתָֽיו׃	mam·šə·lō·w·ṯāw	Noun - feminine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H4475 rule, dominion, realm

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
The sea	הַיָּ֣ם	hay·yām	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3220 sea
observed	רָ֭אָה	rā·’āh	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H7200 see
and fled	וַיָּנֹ֑ס	way·yā·nōs	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5127 flee, escape
the Jordan	הַ֝יַּרְדֵּ֗ן	hay·yar·dên	Article; Noun - proper - feminine singular	H3383 Jordan
turned	יִסֹּ֥ב	yis·sōḇ	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5437 turn about, go around, surround
back	לְאָחֽוֹר׃	lə·’ā·ḥō·wr	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular	H268 the hinder side, back part

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
the mountains	הֶֽ֭הָרִים	he·hā·rîm	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H2022 mountain, hill, hill-country
skipped	רָקְד֣וּ	rā·qə·ḏū	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural	H7540 skip about
like rams	כְאֵילִ֑ים	ḵə·’ê·lîm	Preposition-k; Noun - masculine plural	H352 ram
the hills	גְּ֝בָע֗וֹת	gə·ḇā·‘ō·wṯ	Noun - feminine plural	H1389 hill
like lambs	כִּבְנֵי־	kiḇ·nê-	Preposition-k; Noun - masculine plural construct	H1121 son

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Why was it	מַה־	mah-	Interrogative	H4100 what? how? aught
O sea	הַ֭יָּם	hay·yām	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3220 sea
that	כִּ֣י	kî	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
you fled	תָנ֑וּס	ṯā·nūs	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular	H5127 flee, escape
O Jordan	הַ֝יַּרְדֵּ֗ן	hay·yar·dên	Article; Noun - proper - feminine singular	H3383 Jordan
that you turned	תִּסֹּ֥ב	tis·sōḇ	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular	H5437 turn about, go around, surround
back	לְאָחֽוֹר׃	lə·’ā·ḥō·wr	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular	H268 the hinder side, back part

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
O mountains	הֶֽ֭הָרִים	he·hā·rîm	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H2022 mountain, hill, hill-country
that you skipped	תִּרְקְד֣וּ	tir·qə·ḏū	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural	H7540 skip about
like rams	כְאֵילִ֑ים	ḵə·’ê·lîm	Preposition-k; Noun - masculine plural	H352 ram
O hills	גְּ֝בָע֗וֹת	gə·ḇā·‘ō·wṯ	Noun - feminine plural	H1389 hill
like lambs	כִּבְנֵי־	kiḇ·nê-	Preposition-k; Noun - masculine plural construct	H1121 son

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Tremble	ח֣וּלִי	ḥū·lî	Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular	H2342 whirl, dance, writhe
O earth	אָ֑רֶץ	’ā·reṣ	Noun - feminine singular	H776 earth, land
at the presence	מִלִּפְנֵ֣י	mil·lip̄·nê	Preposition-m, Preposition-l; Noun - common plural construct	H6440 face, before
of the Lord	אָ֭דוֹן	’ā·ḏō·wn	Noun - masculine singular	H113 lord
at the presence	מִ֝לִּפְנֵ֗י	mil·lip̄·nê	Preposition-m, Preposition-l; Noun - common plural construct	H6440 face, before
of the God	אֱל֣וֹהַּ	’ĕ·lō·w·ah	Noun - masculine singular construct	H433 god, God
of Jacob	יַעֲקֹֽב׃	ya·‘ă·qōḇ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3290 Jacob

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
who turned	הַהֹפְכִ֣י	ha·hō·p̄ə·ḵî	Article; Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular construct	H2015 turn, overturn
the rock	הַצּ֣וּר	haṣ·ṣūr	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H6697 rock, cliff
into a pool	אֲגַם־	’ă·ḡam-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H98 troubled pool
the flint	חַ֝לָּמִ֗ישׁ	ḥal·lā·mîš	Noun - masculine singular	H2496 flint
into a fountain	לְמַעְיְנוֹ־	lə·ma‘·yə·nōw-	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H4599 spring
of water	מָֽיִם׃	mā·yim	Noun - masculine plural	H4325 water, juice, urine