Romans

Romans 9:20–26

²⁰But who are you, O man, to talk back to God? Shall what is formed say to Him who formed it, “Why did You make me like this?”^h ²¹Does not the potter have the right to make from the same lump of clay one vessel for special occasions and another for common use?

²²What if God, intending to show His wrath and make His power known, bore with great patience the vessels of His wrath, prepared for destruction? ²³What if He did this to make the riches of His glory known to the vessels of His mercy, whom He prepared in advance for glory — ²⁴including us, whom He has called not only from the Jews, but also from the Gentiles? ²⁵As He says in Hosea:

“I will call them ‘My People’ who are not My people,

and I will call her ‘My Beloved’ who is not My beloved,”ⁱ

²⁶and,

“It will happen that in the very place where it was said to them,

‘You are not My people,’

they will be called

‘sons of the living God.’”^j

Footnotes

h 9:20 Isaiah 29:16|ISA 29:16; Isaiah 45:9
i 9:25 Hosea 2:23|HOS 2:23
j 9:26 Hosea 1:10|HOS 1:10

Read all of Romans 9

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Greek it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

Romans 9:20

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
But	μενοῦνγε	menounge	Particle	G3304 nay rather
who	τίς	tis	Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular	G5101 who, which, what
are you	εἶ	ei	Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular	G1510 I am, exist
O	ὦ	ō	Interjection	G5599 O, an exclamation
man	ἄνθρωπε	anthrōpe	Noun - Vocative Masculine Singular	G444 a man, one of the human race
to talk back	ἀνταποκρινόμενος	antapokrinomenos	Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Singular	G470 I contradict
to God	Θεῷ	Theō	Noun - Dative Masculine Singular	G2316 God, a god
what	τὸ	to	Article - Nominative Neuter Singular	G3588 the
is formed	πλάσμα	plasma	Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular	G4110 a thing formed or fashioned
say	ἐρεῖ	erei	Verb - Future Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G2046 I say, speak
to Him who	τῷ	tō	Article - Dative Masculine Singular	G3588 the
formed	πλάσαντι	plasanti	Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Dative Masculine Singular	G4111 I form, mould
Why	Τί	Ti	Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular	G5101 who, which, what
did You make	ἐποίησας	epoiēsas	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular	G4160 I do, make
me	με	me	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 1st Person Singular	G1473 I
like this	οὕτως	houtōs	Adverb	G3779 thus, so, in this manner

Romans 9:21

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
not	οὐκ	ouk	Adverb	G3756 no, not
the	ὁ	ho	Article - Nominative Masculine Singular	G3588 the
potter	κεραμεὺς	kerameus	Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular	G2763 a potter
have	ἔχει	echei	Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G2192 I have, hold, possess
the right	ἐξουσίαν	exousian	Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular	G1849 power, authority, weight
to make	ποιῆσαι	poiēsai	Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active	G4160 I do, make
from	ἐκ	ek	Preposition	G1537 from out, out from among, from
the	τοῦ	tou	Article - Genitive Neuter Singular	G3588 the
same	αὐτοῦ	autou	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Neuter 3rd Person Singular	G846 he, she, it, they, them, same
lump	φυράματος	phyramatos	Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular	G5445 a mass or lump
of clay	πηλοῦ	pēlou	Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular	G4081 clay, mud
one	ὃ	ho	Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular	G3739 who, which, what, that
vessel	σκεῦος	skeuos	Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular	G4632 a vessel to contain liquid, utensil, tackle
for	εἰς	eis	Preposition	G1519 into, in, among, till, for
special occasions	τιμὴν	timēn	Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular	G5092 a price, honor
and	δὲ	de	Conjunction	G1161 but, on the other hand, and
for	εἰς	eis	Preposition	G1519 into, in, among, till, for
common use	ἀτιμίαν	atimian	Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular	G819 disgrace, dishonor

Romans 9:22

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
What if	Εἰ	Ei	Conjunction	G1487 if
God	Θεὸς	Theos	Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular	G2316 God, a god
intending	θέλων	thelōn	Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular	G2309 I will, wish, desire
to show	ἐνδείξασθαι	endeixasthai	Verb - Aorist Infinitive Middle	G1731 I show forth
wrath	ὀργὴν	orgēn	Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular	G3709 anger, wrath, passion
and	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
make	γνωρίσαι	gnōrisai	Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active	G1107 I make known, declare, know
His	αὐτοῦ	autou	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular	G846 he, she, it, they, them, same
power	δυνατὸν	dynaton	Adjective - Accusative Neuter Singular	G1415 powerful, able, possible
bore	ἤνεγκεν	ēnenken	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G5342 I carry, bear, bring, lead
with	ἐν	en	Preposition	G1722 in, on, among
great	πολλῇ	pollē	Adjective - Dative Feminine Singular	G4183 much, many, often
patience	μακροθυμίᾳ	makrothymia	Noun - Dative Feminine Singular	G3115 patience, forbearance
vessels	σκεύη	skeuē	Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural	G4632 a vessel to contain liquid, utensil, tackle
of His wrath	ὀργῆς	orgēs	Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular	G3709 anger, wrath, passion
prepared	κατηρτισμένα	katērtismena	Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Neuter Plural	G2675 I fit together, prepare
for	εἰς	eis	Preposition	G1519 into, in, among, till, for
destruction	ἀπώλειαν	apōleian	Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular	G684 destruction, ruin, loss

Romans 9:23

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
to	ἵνα	hina	Conjunction	G2443 in order that, so that
make	γνωρίσῃ	gnōrisē	Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person Singular	G1107 I make known, declare, know
the	τὸν	ton	Article - Accusative Masculine Singular	G3588 the
riches	πλοῦτον	plouton	Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular	G4149 riches, wealth
of	τῆς	tēs	Article - Genitive Feminine Singular	G3588 the
His	αὐτοῦ	autou	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular	G846 he, she, it, they, them, same
glory	δόξης	doxēs	Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular	G1391 honor, renown, glory splendor
to	ἐπὶ	epi	Preposition	G1909 on, to, against, on the basis of, at
vessels	σκεύη	skeuē	Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural	G4632 a vessel to contain liquid, utensil, tackle
of	ἐλέους	eleous	Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular	G1656 pity, mercy
whom	ἃ	ha	Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Plural	G3739 who, which, what, that
He prepared in advance	προητοίμασεν	proētoimasen	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G4282 I prepare beforehand, predestine
for	εἰς	eis	Preposition	G1519 into, in, among, till, for
glory	δόξαν	doxan	Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular	G1391 honor, renown, glory splendor

Romans 9:24

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
including	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
us	ἡμᾶς	hēmas	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 1st Person Plural	G1473 I
whom	οὓς	hous	Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Plural	G3739 who, which, what, that
He has called	ἐκάλεσεν	ekalesen	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G2564 I call, invite, name
not	οὐ	ou	Adverb	G3756 no, not
only	μόνον	monon	Adverb	G3440 alone, but, only
from	ἐξ	ex	Preposition	G1537 from out, out from among, from
Jews	Ἰουδαίων	Ioudaiōn	Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural	G2453 Jewish
but	ἀλλὰ	alla	Conjunction	G235 but, except
also	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
from	ἐξ	ex	Preposition	G1537 from out, out from among, from
Gentiles	ἐθνῶν	ethnōn	Noun - Genitive Neuter Plural	G1484 a race, people, the Gentiles

Romans 9:25

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
As	ὡς	hōs	Adverb	G5613 as, like as, how, while, so that
He says	λέγει	legei	Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G3004 I say, speak
in	ἐν	en	Preposition	G1722 in, on, among
Hosea	Ὡσηὲ	Hōsēe	Noun - Dative Masculine Singular	G5617 Hosea
I will call	Καλέσω	Kalesō	Verb - Future Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular	G2564 I call, invite, name
My	μου	mou	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular	G1473 I
People	λαόν	laon	Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular	G2992 a people, the crowd
who	τὸν	ton	Article - Accusative Masculine Singular	G3588 the
not	οὐ	ou	Adverb	G3756 no, not
My	μου	mou	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular	G1473 I
people	λαόν	laon	Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular	G2992 a people, the crowd
and	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
Beloved	ἠγαπημένην	ēgapēmenēn	Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Feminine Singular	G25 I love
who	τὴν	tēn	Article - Accusative Feminine Singular	G3588 the
not	οὐκ	ouk	Adverb	G3756 no, not
beloved	ἠγαπημένην	ēgapēmenēn	Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Feminine Singular	G25 I love

Romans 9:26

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
and	Καὶ	Kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
It will happen that	Ἔσται	Estai	Verb - Future Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular	G1510 I am, exist
in	ἐν	en	Preposition	G1722 in, on, among
the	τῷ	tō	Article - Dative Masculine Singular	G3588 the
very place	τόπῳ	topō	Noun - Dative Masculine Singular	G5117 a place
where	οὗ	hou	Adverb	G3739 who, which, what, that
it was said	ἐρρέθη	errethē	Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular	G2046 I say, speak
to them	αὐτοῖς	autois	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural	G846 he, she, it, they, them, same
You	ὑμεῖς	hymeis	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Plural	G4771 you
not	Οὐ	Ou	Adverb	G3756 no, not
My	μου	mou	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular	G1473 I
people	λαός	laos	Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular	G2992 a people, the crowd
they will be called	κληθήσονται	klēthēsontai	Verb - Future Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Plural	G2564 I call, invite, name
sons	Υἱοὶ	Huioi	Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural	G5207 a son, descendent
of	ζῶντος	zōntos	Verb - Present Participle Active - Genitive Masculine Singular	G2198 I live
God	Θεοῦ	Theou	Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular	G2316 God, a god