1 Samuel

1 Samuel 17:45–52

⁴⁵But David said to the Philistine, “You come against me with sword and spear and javelin, but I come against you in the name of the LORD of Hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom you have defied. ⁴⁶This day the LORD will deliver you into my hand. This day I will strike you down, cut off your head, and give the carcasses of the Philistine army to the birds of the air and the creatures of the earth. Then the whole world will know that there is a God in Israel. ⁴⁷And all those assembled here will know that it is not by sword or spear that the LORD saves; for the battle is the LORD’s, and He will give all of you into our hands.”

⁴⁸As the Philistine started forward to attack him, David ran quickly toward the battle line to meet him. ⁴⁹Then David reached into his bag, took out a stone, and slung it, striking the Philistine on the forehead. The stone sank into his forehead, and he fell facedown on the ground.

⁵⁰Thus David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and a stone; without a sword in his hand he struck down the Philistine and killed him. ⁵¹David ran and stood over him. He grabbed the Philistine’s sword and pulled it from its sheath and killed him, and he cut off his head with the sword.

When the Philistines saw that their hero was dead, they turned and ran. ⁵²Then the men of Israel and Judah charged forward with a shout and pursued the Philistines to the entrance of Gath^g and to the gates of Ekron. And the bodies of the Philistines were strewn along the Shaaraim road to Gath and Ekron.

Footnotes

g 17:52 LXX; Hebrew of Gai; that is, of the valley

Read all of 1 Samuel 17

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

1 Samuel 17:45

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
But David	דָּוִד֙	dā·wiḏ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1732 David
said	וַיֹּ֤אמֶר	way·yō·mer	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H559 utter, say
to	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
the Philistine	הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י	hap·pə·liš·tî	Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H6430 Philistine
You	אַתָּה֙	’at·tāh	Pronoun - second person masculine singular	H859 thou
come	בָּ֣א	bā	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular	H935 come in, come, go in, go
against me	אֵלַ֔י	’ê·lay	Preposition; first person common singular	H413 motion to
with sword	בְּחֶ֖רֶב	bə·ḥe·reḇ	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular	H2719 sword
and spear	וּבַחֲנִ֣ית	ū·ḇa·ḥă·nîṯ	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article; Noun - feminine singular	H2595 spear
and javelin	וּבְכִיד֑וֹן	ū·ḇə·ḵî·ḏō·wn	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular	H3591 dart, javelin
but I	וְאָנֹכִ֣י	wə·’ā·nō·ḵî	Conjunctive waw; Pronoun - first person common singular	H595 I
come	בָֽא־	ḇā-	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular	H935 come in, come, go in, go
against	אֵלֶ֗יךָ	’ê·le·ḵā	Preposition; second person masculine singular	H413 motion to
you in the name	בְּשֵׁם֙	bə·šêm	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct	H8034 name
of the LORD	יְהוָ֣ה	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
of Hosts	צְבָא֔וֹת	ṣə·ḇā·’ō·wṯ	Noun - common plural	H6635 army, war, warfare
the God	אֱלֹהֵ֛י	’ĕ·lō·hê	Noun - masculine plural construct	H430 God
of the armies	מַעַרְכ֥וֹת	ma·‘ar·ḵō·wṯ	Noun - feminine plural construct	H4634 row, rank, battle-line
of Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	yiś·rā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel
whom	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	’ă·šer	Pronoun - relative	H834 particle of relation
you have defied	חֵרַֽפְתָּ׃	ḥê·rap̄·tā	Verb - Piel - Perfect - second person masculine singular	H2778 reproach

1 Samuel 17:46

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
This	הַזֶּ֡ה	haz·zeh	Article; Pronoun - masculine singular	H2088 this, that
day	הַיּ֣וֹם	hay·yō·wm	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3117 day
the LORD	יְהוָ֨ה	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
will deliver you	יְסַגֶּרְךָ֩	yə·sag·ger·ḵā	Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular; second person masculine singular	H5462 shut, close
into my hand	בְּיָדִ֜י	bə·yā·ḏî	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct; first person common singular	H3027 hand
This	הַזֶּ֔ה	haz·zeh	Article; Pronoun - masculine singular	H2088 this, that
day	הַיּ֣וֹם	hay·yō·wm	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3117 day
I will strike you down	וְהִכִּיתִ֗ךָ	wə·hik·kî·ṯi·ḵā	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular; second person masculine singular	H5221 smite
cut off your head	רֹֽאשְׁךָ֙	rō·šə·ḵā	Noun - masculine singular construct; second person masculine singular	H7218 head
and give	וְנָ֨תַתִּ֜י	wə·nā·ṯat·tî	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular	H5414 give, put, set
the carcasses	פֶּ֣גֶר	pe·ḡer	Noun - masculine singular construct	H6297 corpse, carcass
of the Philistine	פְלִשְׁתִּים֙	p̄ə·liš·tîm	Noun - proper - masculine plural	H6430 Philistine
army	מַחֲנֵ֤ה	ma·ḥă·nêh	Noun - common singular construct	H4264 encampment, camp
to the birds	לְע֥וֹף	lə·‘ō·wp̄	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular construct	H5775 flying creatures, fowl, insects
of the air	הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם	haš·šā·ma·yim	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H8064 sky, aloft
and the creatures	וּלְחַיַּ֣ת	ū·lə·ḥay·yaṯ	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Noun - feminine singular construct	H2416 alive, living
of the earth	הָאָ֑רֶץ	hā·’ā·reṣ	Article; Noun - feminine singular	H776 earth, land
Then the whole	כָּל־	kāl-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
world	הָאָ֔רֶץ	hā·’ā·reṣ	Article; Noun - feminine singular	H776 earth, land
will know	וְיֵֽדְעוּ֙	wə·yê·ḏə·‘ū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H3045 know
that	כִּ֛י	kî	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
there is	יֵ֥שׁ	yêš	Adverb	H3426 being, substance, existence
a God	אֱלֹהִ֖ים	’ĕ·lō·hîm	Noun - masculine plural	H430 God
in Israel	לְיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃	lə·yiś·rā·’êl	Preposition-l; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel

1 Samuel 17:47

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
And all	כָּל־	kāl-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
those	הַזֶּ֔ה	haz·zeh	Article; Pronoun - masculine singular	H2088 this, that
assembled here	הַקָּהָ֣ל	haq·qā·hāl	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H6951 assembly, convocation, congregation
will know	וְיֵֽדְעוּ֙	wə·yê·ḏə·‘ū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H3045 know
that	כִּֽי־	kî-	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
it is not	לֹ֛א	lō	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
by sword	בְּחֶ֥רֶב	bə·ḥe·reḇ	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular	H2719 sword
or spear	וּבַחֲנִ֖ית	ū·ḇa·ḥă·nîṯ	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article; Noun - feminine singular	H2595 spear
that the LORD	יְהוָ֑ה	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
saves	יְהוֹשִׁ֣יעַ	yə·hō·wō·šî·a‘	Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H3467 deliver
for	כִּ֤י	kî	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
the battle	הַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה	ham·mil·ḥā·māh	Article; Noun - feminine singular	H4421 battle, war
the LORD’s	לַֽיהוָה֙	Yah·weh	Preposition-l; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
and He will give	וְנָתַ֥ן	wə·nā·ṯan	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular	H5414 give, put, set
all of you	אֶתְכֶ֖ם	’eṯ·ḵem	Direct object marker; second person masculine plural	H853 mark of the accusative
into our hands	בְּיָדֵֽנוּ׃	bə·yā·ḏê·nū	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct; first person common plural	H3027 hand

1 Samuel 17:48

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
As	כִּֽי־	kî-	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
the Philistine	הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י	hap·pə·liš·tî	Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H6430 Philistine
started	וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ	way·yê·leḵ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1980 go, come, walk
forward	וַיִּקְרַ֖ב	way·yiq·raḇ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7126 come near, approach
to attack	לִקְרַ֣את	liq·raṯ	Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H7122 encounter, befall
him	דָּוִ֑ד	dā·wiḏ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1732 David
David	דָּוִ֔ד	dā·wiḏ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1732 David
ran	וַיָּ֥רָץ	way·yā·rāṣ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7323 run
quickly	וַיְמַהֵ֣ר	way·ma·hêr	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H4116 hasten
toward the battle line	הַמַּעֲרָכָ֖ה	ham·ma·‘ă·rā·ḵāh	Article; Noun - feminine singular	H4634 row, rank, battle-line
to meet	לִקְרַ֥את	liq·raṯ	Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H7122 encounter, befall
him	הַפְּלִשְׁתִּֽי׃	hap·pə·liš·tî	Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H6430 Philistine

1 Samuel 17:49

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Then David	דָּוִ֨ד	dā·wiḏ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1732 David
reached	וַיִּשְׁלַח֩	way·yiš·laḥ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7971 send
into	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
his bag	הַכֶּ֗לִי	hak·ke·lî	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3627 article, utensil, vessel
took	וַיִּקַּ֨ח	way·yiq·qaḥ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H3947 take
out	מִשָּׁ֥ם	miš·šām	Preposition-m; Adverb	H8033 there, thither
a stone	אֶ֙בֶן֙	’e·ḇen	Noun - feminine singular	H68 stone
and slung it	וַיְקַלַּ֔ע	way·qal·la‘	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7049 sling, hurl forth
striking	וַיַּ֥ךְ	way·yaḵ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5221 smite
the Philistine	הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י	hap·pə·liš·tî	Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H6430 Philistine
on	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
the forehead	מִצְח֑וֹ	miṣ·ḥōw	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H4696 brow, forehead
The stone	הָאֶ֙בֶן֙	hā·’e·ḇen	Article; Noun - feminine singular	H68 stone
sank	וַתִּטְבַּ֤ע	wat·tiṭ·ba‘	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular	H2883 sink, sink down
into his forehead	בְּמִצְח֔וֹ	bə·miṣ·ḥōw	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H4696 brow, forehead
and he fell	וַיִּפֹּ֥ל	way·yip·pōl	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5307 fall, lie
facedown	פָּנָ֖יו	pā·nāw	Noun - common plural construct; third person masculine singular	H6440 face, before
on the ground	אָֽרְצָה׃	’ā·rə·ṣāh	Noun - feminine singular; third person feminine singular	H776 earth, land

1 Samuel 17:50

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Thus David	דָּוִ֤ד	dā·wiḏ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1732 David
prevailed	וַיֶּחֱזַ֨ק	way·ye·ḥĕ·zaq	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H2388 be or grow firm, strong, strengthen
over	מִן־	min-	Preposition	H4480 out of, from, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not
the Philistine	הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי֙	hap·pə·liš·tî	Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H6430 Philistine
with a sling	בַּקֶּ֣לַע	baq·qe·la‘	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H7050 sling
and a stone	וּבָאֶ֔בֶן	ū·ḇā·’e·ḇen	Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Article; Noun - feminine singular	H68 stone
without	אֵ֥ין	’ên	Adverb	H369 nothing, nought
a sword	וְחֶ֖רֶב	wə·ḥe·reḇ	Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular	H2719 sword
in his hand	בְּיַד־	bə·yaḏ-	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct	H3027 hand
he struck down	וַיַּ֥ךְ	way·yaḵ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5221 smite
the Philistine	הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י	hap·pə·liš·tî	Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H6430 Philistine
and killed him	וַיְמִיתֵ֑הוּ	way·mî·ṯê·hū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular; third person masculine singular	H4191 die

1 Samuel 17:51

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
David	דָּ֠וִד	dā·wiḏ	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H1732 David
ran	וַיָּ֣רָץ	way·yā·rāṣ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7323 run
and stood	וַיַּעֲמֹ֨ד	way·ya·‘ă·mōḏ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5975 take one's stand, stand
over him	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
He grabbed	וַיִּקַּ֣ח	way·yiq·qaḥ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H3947 take
the Philistine’s	הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜י	hap·pə·liš·tî	Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H6430 Philistine
sword	חַ֠רְבּוֹ	ḥar·bōw	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H2719 sword
and pulled it	וַֽיִּשְׁלְפָ֤הּ	way·yiš·lə·p̄āh	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular; third person feminine singular	H8025 draw out, off
from its sheath	מִתַּעְרָהּ֙	mit·ta‘·rāh	Preposition-m; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person feminine singular	H8593 razor, sheath
and killed him	וַיְמֹ֣תְתֵ֔הוּ	way·mō·ṯə·ṯê·hū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular; third person masculine singular	H4191 die
and he cut off	וַיִּכְרָת־	way·yiḵ·rāṯ-	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H3772 cut off, cut down
his head	רֹאשׁ֑וֹ	rō·šōw	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular	H7218 head
with	בָּ֖הּ	bāh	Preposition; third person feminine singular
When the Philistines	הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛ים	hap·pə·liš·tîm	Article; Noun - proper - masculine plural	H6430 Philistine
saw	וַיִּרְא֧וּ	way·yir·’ū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H7200 see
that	כִּֽי־	kî-	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
their hero	גִּבּוֹרָ֖ם	gib·bō·w·rām	Adjective - masculine singular construct; third person masculine plural	H1368 strong, mighty
was dead	מֵ֥ת	mêṯ	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H4191 die
they turned and ran	וַיָּנֻֽסוּ׃	way·yā·nu·sū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H5127 flee, escape

1 Samuel 17:52

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Then the men	אַנְשֵׁי֩	’an·šê	Noun - masculine plural construct	H582 man, mankind
of Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל	yiś·rā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel
and Judah	וִיהוּדָ֜ה	wî·hū·ḏāh	Conjunctive waw; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3063 Judah
charged forward	וַיָּקֻ֣מוּ	way·yā·qu·mū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H6965 arise, stand up, stand
with a shout	וַיָּרִ֗עוּ	way·yā·ri·‘ū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H7321 raise a shout
and pursued	וַֽיִּרְדְּפוּ֙	way·yir·də·p̄ū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H7291 pursue, chase, persecute
the Philistines	הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים	hap·pə·liš·tîm	Article; Noun - proper - masculine plural	H6430 Philistine
to	עַד־	‘aḏ-	Preposition	H5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while
the entrance	בּוֹאֲךָ֣	bō·w·’ă·ḵā	Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct; second person masculine singular	H935 come in, come, go in, go
of Gath	גַ֔יְא	ḡay	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H1516 valley
and to	וְעַ֖ד	wə·‘aḏ	Conjunctive waw; Preposition	H5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while
the gates	שַׁעֲרֵ֣י	ša·‘ă·rê	Noun - masculine plural construct	H8179 gate
of Ekron	עֶקְר֑וֹן	‘eq·rō·wn	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H6138 Ekrôn
And the bodies	חַֽלְלֵ֤י	ḥal·lê	Noun - masculine plural construct	H2491 pierced
of the Philistines	פְלִשְׁתִּים֙	p̄ə·liš·tîm	Noun - proper - masculine plural	H6430 Philistine
were strewn	וַֽיִּפְּל֞וּ	way·yip·pə·lū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H5307 fall, lie
along the Shaaraim	שַׁעֲרַ֔יִם	ša·‘ă·ra·yim	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H8189 Shaarajim
road	בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ	bə·ḏe·reḵ	Preposition-b; Noun - common singular construct	H1870 way, road, distance, journey, manner
to	וְעַד־	wə·‘aḏ-	Conjunctive waw; Preposition	H5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while
Gath	גַּ֖ת	gaṯ	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H1661 wine-press
and Ekron	עֶקְרֽוֹן׃	‘eq·rō·wn	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H6138 Ekrôn