Daniel
Daniel 5:17–24
17In response, Daniel said to the king, “You may keep your gifts for yourself and give your rewards to someone else. Nevertheless, I will read the inscription for the king and interpret it for him. 18As for you, O king, the Most High God gave your father Nebuchadnezzar sovereignty and greatness, glory and honor. 19Because of the greatness that He bestowed on him, the people of every nation and language trembled in fear before him. He killed whom he wished and kept alive whom he wished; he exalted whom he wished and humbled whom he wished.
20But when his heart became arrogant and his spirit was hardened with pride, he was deposed from his royal throne, and his glory was taken from him. 21He was driven away from mankind, and his mind was like that of a beast. He lived with the wild donkeys and ate grass like an ox, and his body was drenched with the dew of heaven until he acknowledged that the Most High God rules over the kingdom of mankind, setting over it whom He wishes.
22But you his son,e O Belshazzar, have not humbled your heart, even though you knew all this. 23Instead, you have exalted yourself against the Lord of heaven. The vessels from His house were brought to you, and as you drank wine from them with your nobles, wives, and concubines, you praised your gods of silver and gold, bronze and iron, wood and stone, which cannot see or hear or understand. But you have failed to glorify the God who holds in His hand your very breath and all your ways. 24Therefore He sent the hand that wrote the inscription.
Footnotes
- e 5:22 Or descendant or successor or grandson
Word by word
Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.
Daniel 5:17
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| In response | בֵּאדַ֜יִן | bê·ḏa·yin | Preposition-b; Adverb | H116 then, thereupon |
| Daniel | דָנִיֵּ֗אל | ḏā·nî·yêl | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H1841 Daniel |
| said | וְאָמַר֙ | wə·’ā·mar | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular | H560 say, tell, command |
| to the king | מַלְכָּ֔א | mal·kā | Noun - masculine singular determinate | H4430 king |
| You may keep | לֶֽהֶוְיָ֔ן | le·hew·yān | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine plural | H1934 come to pass, become, be |
| your gifts | מַתְּנָתָךְ֙ | mat·tə·nā·ṯāḵ | Noun - feminine plural construct; second person masculine singular | H4978 gift |
| for yourself | לָ֣ךְ | lāḵ | Preposition; second person masculine singular | |
| and give | הַ֑ב | haḇ | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular | H3052 give |
| your rewards | וּנְבָ֥זְבְּיָתָ֖ךְ | ū·nə·ḇā·zə·bə·yā·ṯāḵ | Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine plural construct; second person masculine singular | H5023 reward |
| to someone else | לְאָחֳרָ֣ן | lə·’ā·ḥo·rān | Preposition-l; Adjective - masculine singular | H321 another |
| Nevertheless | בְּרַ֗ם | bə·ram | Conjunction | H1297 only, nevertheless |
| I will read | אֶקְרֵ֣א | ’eq·rê | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular | H7123 call, read out, aloud |
| the inscription | כְּתָבָא֙ | kə·ṯā·ḇā | Noun - masculine singular determinate | H3792 writing |
| for the king | לְמַלְכָּ֔א | lə·mal·kā | Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular determinate | H4430 king |
| and interpret it | וּפִשְׁרָ֖א | ū·p̄iš·rā | Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular determinate | H6591 interpretation |
| for him | אֲהוֹדְעִנֵּֽהּ׃ | ’ă·hō·wḏ·‘in·nêh | Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - first person common singular; third person masculine singular | H3046 know |
Daniel 5:18
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| As for you | אַנְתָּה | ʾan·tå̄h | Pronoun - second person masculine singular | H607 thou |
| O king | מַלְכָּ֑א | mal·kā | Noun - masculine singular determinate | H4430 king |
| the Most High | עִלָּיָא | ʿil·lå̄·yå̄ | Adjective - masculine singular determinate | H5943 highest |
| God | אֱלָהָא֙ | ’ĕ·lā·hā | Noun - masculine singular determinate | H426 god, God |
| gave | יְהַ֖ב | yə·haḇ | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H3052 give |
| your father | אֲבֽוּךְ׃ | ’ă·ḇūḵ | Noun - masculine singular construct; second person masculine singular | H2 father |
| Nebuchadnezzar | לִנְבֻכַדְנֶצַּ֥ר | lin·ḇu·ḵaḏ·neṣ·ṣar | Preposition-l; Noun - proper - masculine singular | H5020 |
| sovereignty | מַלְכוּתָ֤א | mal·ḵū·ṯā | Noun - feminine singular determinate | H4437 royalty, reign, kingdom |
| and greatness | וּרְבוּתָא֙ | ū·rə·ḇū·ṯā | Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular determinate | H7238 greatness |
| glory | וִיקָרָ֣א | wî·qā·rā | Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular determinate | H3367 honour |
| and honor | וְהַדְרָ֔ה | wə·haḏ·rāh | Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular determinate | H1923 honour, majesty |
Daniel 5:19
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Because of | וּמִן־ | ū·min- | Conjunctive waw; Preposition | H4481 from, out of, by, by reason of, at, more than |
| the greatness | רְבוּתָא֙ | rə·ḇū·ṯā | Noun - feminine singular determinate | H7238 greatness |
| that | דִּ֣י | dî | Pronoun - relative | H1768 who, which, that |
| He bestowed | יְהַב־ | yə·haḇ- | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H3052 give |
| on him | לֵ֔הּ | lêh | Preposition; third person masculine singular | |
| the people | עַֽמְמַיָּ֗א | ‘am·may·yā | Noun - masculine plural determinate | H5972 people |
| of every | כֹּ֣ל | kōl | Noun - masculine singular construct | H3606 the whole, all |
| nation | אֻמַיָּא֙ | ’u·may·yā | Noun - feminine plural determinate | H524 nation |
| and language | וְלִשָּׁ֣נַיָּ֔א | wə·liš·šā·nay·yā | Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural determinate | H3961 tongue |
| trembled | זָאֲעִין | zå̄·ʾă·ʿīn | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural | H2112 tremble |
| in fear | וְדָחֲלִ֖ין | wə·ḏā·ḥă·lîn | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural | H1763 fear |
| before | מִן־ | min- | Preposition | H4481 from, out of, by, by reason of, at, more than |
| him | קֳדָמ֑וֹהִי | qo·ḏā·mō·w·hî | Preposition; third person masculine singular | H6925 before |
| He | הֲוָ֣א | hă·wā | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H1934 come to pass, become, be |
| killed | קָטֵ֗ל | qā·ṭêl | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular | H6992 slay |
| whom | דִּֽי־ | dî- | Pronoun - relative | H1768 who, which, that |
| he | הֲוָ֨ה | hă·wāh | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H1934 come to pass, become, be |
| wished | צָבֵ֜א | ṣā·ḇê | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular | H6634 please |
| and kept alive | מַחֵ֔א | ma·ḥê | Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular | H2418 live |
| whom | וְדִֽי־ | wə·ḏî- | Conjunctive waw; Pronoun - relative | H1768 who, which, that |
| he | הֲוָ֤ה | hă·wāh | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H1934 come to pass, become, be |
| wished | צָבֵא֙ | ṣā·ḇê | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular | H6634 please |
| he exalted | מָרִ֔ים | mā·rîm | Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular | H7313 rise |
| whom | וְדִֽי־ | wə·ḏî- | Conjunctive waw; Pronoun - relative | H1768 who, which, that |
| he | הֲוָ֤ה | hă·wāh | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H1934 come to pass, become, be |
| wished | צָבֵא֙ | ṣā·ḇê | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular | H6634 please |
| and humbled | מַשְׁפִּֽיל׃ | maš·pîl | Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular | H8214 be low |
| whom | וְדִֽי־ | wə·ḏî- | Conjunctive waw; Pronoun - relative | H1768 who, which, that |
| he | הֲוָ֥ה | hă·wāh | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H1934 come to pass, become, be |
| wished | צָבֵ֖א | ṣā·ḇê | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular | H6634 please |
Daniel 5:20
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| But when | וּכְדִי֙ | ū·ḵə·ḏî | Conjunctive waw, Preposition-k; Pronoun - relative | H1768 who, which, that |
| his heart | לִבְבֵ֔הּ | liḇ·ḇêh | Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H3825 heart |
| became arrogant | רִ֣ם | rim | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H7313 rise |
| and his spirit | וְרוּחֵ֖הּ | wə·rū·ḥêh | Conjunctive waw; Noun - common singular construct; third person masculine singular | H7308 wind, spirit |
| was hardened | תִּֽקְפַ֣ת | tiq·p̄aṯ | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular | H8631 grow strong |
| with pride | לַהֲזָדָ֑ה | la·hă·zā·ḏāh | Preposition-l; Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | H2103 be presumptuous |
| he was deposed | הָנְחַת֙ | hā·nə·ḥaṯ | Verb - Hofal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H5182 descend |
| from | מִן־ | min- | Preposition | H4481 from, out of, by, by reason of, at, more than |
| his royal | מַלְכוּתֵ֔הּ | mal·ḵū·ṯêh | Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H4437 royalty, reign, kingdom |
| throne | כָּרְסֵ֣א | kā·rə·sê | Noun - masculine singular construct | H3764 throne |
| and his glory | וִֽיקָרָ֖ה | wî·qā·rāh | Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular determinate | H3367 honour |
| was taken | הֶעְדִּ֥יוּ | he‘·di·yū | Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine plural | H5709 |
| from him | מִנֵּֽהּ׃ | min·nêh | Preposition; third person masculine singular | H4481 from, out of, by, by reason of, at, more than |
Daniel 5:21
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| He was driven away | טְרִ֜יד | ṭə·rîḏ | Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H2957 chase away |
| from | וּמִן־ | ū·min- | Conjunctive waw; Preposition | H4481 from, out of, by, by reason of, at, more than |
| mankind | בְּנֵי֩ | bə·nê | Noun - masculine plural construct | H1123 |
| and his mind | וְלִבְבֵ֣הּ׀ | wə·liḇ·ḇêh | Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H3825 heart |
| was like | עִם־ | ‘im- | Preposition | H5974 with |
| a beast | חֵיוְתָ֣א | ḥê·wə·ṯā | Noun - feminine singular determinate | H2423 beast |
| He lived | מְדוֹרֵ֔הּ | mə·ḏō·w·rêh | Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H4070 dwelling place |
| with | וְעִם־ | wə·‘im- | Conjunctive waw; Preposition | H5974 with |
| the wild donkeys | עֲרָֽדַיָּא֙ | ‘ă·rā·ḏay·yā | Noun - masculine plural determinate | H6167 wild ass |
| and ate | יְטַ֣עֲמוּנֵּ֔הּ | yə·ṭa·‘ă·mūn·nêh | Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine plural; third person masculine singular | H2939 feed |
| grass | עִשְׂבָּ֤א | ‘iś·bā | Noun - masculine singular determinate | H6211 moth |
| like an ox | כְתוֹרִין֙ | ḵə·ṯō·w·rîn | Preposition-k; Noun - masculine plural | H8450 bullock |
| and his body | גִּשְׁמֵ֣הּ | giš·mêh | Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H1655 body |
| was drenched | יִצְטַבַּ֑ע | yiṣ·ṭab·ba‘ | Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H6647 dip, wet |
| with the dew | וּמִטַּ֥ל | ū·miṭ·ṭal | Conjunctive waw; Preposition | H2920 dew |
| of heaven | שְׁמַיָּ֖א | šə·may·yā | Noun - mdd | H8065 heavens |
| until | עַ֣ד | ‘aḏ | Preposition | H5705 even to, until |
| he acknowledged | יְדַ֗ע | yə·ḏa‘ | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H3046 know |
| that | דִּֽי־ | dî- | Pronoun - relative | H1768 who, which, that |
| the Most High | עִלָּיָא | ʿil·lå̄·yå̄ | Adjective - masculine singular determinate | H5943 highest |
| God | אֱלָהָ֤א | ’ĕ·lā·hā | Noun - masculine singular determinate | H426 god, God |
| rules | שַׁלִּ֞יט | šal·lîṭ | Adjective - masculine singular | H7990 having mastery, ruling |
| over the kingdom | בְּמַלְכ֣וּת | bə·mal·ḵūṯ | Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct | H4437 royalty, reign, kingdom |
| of mankind | אֲנָשָׁ֔א | ’ă·nā·šā | Noun - masculine singular determinate | H606 man, mankind |
| setting | יְהָקֵ֥ים | yə·hā·qêm | Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H6966 arise, stand |
| over it | עֲלַיֵהּ׃ | ʿă·la·yēh | Preposition; third person feminine singular | H5922 upon, over, on account of, above, to, against |
| whom | וּלְמַן־ | ū·lə·man- | Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Interrogative | H4479 who? |
| He wishes | יִצְבֵּ֖ה | yiṣ·bêh | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | H6634 please |
Daniel 5:22
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| But you | וְאַנְתָּה | wə·ʾan·tå̄h | Conjunctive waw; Pronoun - second person masculine singular | H607 thou |
| his son | בְּרֵהּ֙ | bə·rêh | Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H1247 son |
| O Belshazzar | בֵּלְשַׁאצַּ֔ר | bê·lə·šaṣ·ṣar | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H1113 |
| have not | לָ֥א | lā | Adverb - Negative particle | H3809 not |
| humbled | הַשְׁפֵּ֖לְתְּ | haš·pê·lət | Verb - Hifil - Perfect - second person masculine singular | H8214 be low |
| your heart | לִבְבָ֑ךְ | liḇ·ḇāḵ | Noun - masculine singular construct; second person masculine singular | H3825 heart |
| even though | קֳבֵ֕ל | qo·ḇêl | Preposition | H6903 front, as |
| you knew | יְדַֽעְתָּ׃ | yə·ḏa‘·tā | Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular | H3046 know |
| all | כָּל־ | kāl- | Noun - masculine singular construct | H3606 the whole, all |
| this | דְּנָ֖ה | də·nāh | Pronoun - masculine singular | H1836 this |
Daniel 5:23
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Instead | הִתְרוֹמַ֡מְתָּ | hiṯ·rō·w·mam·tā | Verb - Hitpael - Perfect - second person masculine singular | H7313 rise |
| you have exalted | הִתְרוֹמַ֡מְתָּ | hiṯ·rō·w·mam·tā | Verb - Hitpael - Perfect - second person masculine singular | H7313 rise |
| yourself against | וְעַ֣ל | wə·‘al | Conjunctive waw; Preposition | H5922 upon, over, on account of, above, to, against |
| the Lord | מָרֵֽא־ | mā·rê- | Noun - masculine singular construct | H4756 master |
| of heaven | שְׁמַיָּ֣א׀ | šə·may·yā | Noun - mdd | H8065 heavens |
| The vessels | וּלְמָֽאנַיָּ֨א | ū·lə·mā·nay·yā | Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Noun - masculine plural determinate | H3984 vessel, utensil |
| from | דִֽי־ | ḏî- | Pronoun - relative | H1768 who, which, that |
| His house | בַיְתֵ֜הּ | ḇay·ṯêh | Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H1005 house |
| were brought | הַיְתִ֣יו | hay·ṯîw | Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine plural | H858 come |
| to you | קָדָמַיִךְ | qå̄·ḏå̄·ma·yiḵ | Preposition; second person masculine singular | H6925 before |
| and as you | וְאַנְתָּה | wə·ʾan·tå̄h | Conjunctive waw; Pronoun - second person masculine singular | H607 thou |
| drank | שָׁתַ֣יִן | šā·ṯa·yin | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural | H8355 drink |
| wine | חַמְרָא֮ | ḥam·rā | Noun - masculine singular determinate | H2562 wine |
| from them | בְּהוֹן֒ | bə·hō·wn | Preposition; third person masculine plural | |
| with your nobles | וְרַבְרְבָנַיִךְ | wə·raḇ·rə·ḇå̄·na·yiḵ | Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural construct; second person masculine singular | H7261 lord, noble |
| wives | שֵֽׁגְלָתָ֣ךְ | šê·ḡə·lā·ṯāḵ | Noun - feminine plural construct; second person masculine singular | H7695 consort |
| and concubines | וּלְחֵנָתָךְ֮ | ū·lə·ḥê·nā·ṯāḵ | Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine plural construct; second person masculine singular | H3904 concubine |
| you praised | שַׁבַּ֑חְתָּ | šab·baḥ·tā | Verb - Piel - Perfect - second person masculine singular | H7624 laud, praise |
| gods | וְלֵֽאלָהֵ֣י | wə·lê·lā·hê | Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Noun - masculine plural construct | H426 god, God |
| of silver | כַסְפָּֽא־ | ḵas·pā- | Noun - masculine singular determinate | H3702 silver |
| and gold | וְ֠דַהֲבָא | wə·ḏa·hă·ḇā | Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular determinate | H1722 gold |
| bronze | נְחָשָׁ֨א | nə·ḥā·šā | Noun - masculine singular determinate | H5174 copper, bronze |
| and iron | פַרְזְלָ֜א | p̄ar·zə·lā | Noun - masculine singular determinate | H6523 iron |
| wood | אָעָ֣א | ’ā·‘ā | Noun - masculine singular determinate | H636 wood |
| and stone | וְאַבְנָ֗א | wə·’aḇ·nā | Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular determinate | H69 stone |
| which | דִּ֠י | dî | Pronoun - relative | H1768 who, which, that |
| cannot | לָֽא־ | lā- | Adverb - Negative particle | H3809 not |
| see | חָזַ֧יִן | ḥā·za·yin | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural | H2370 gaze upon, dream, be usual |
| or | וְלָא־ | wə·lā- | Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle | H3809 not |
| hear | שָׁמְעִ֛ין | šā·mə·‘în | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural | H8086 hear |
| or | וְלָ֥א | wə·lā | Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle | H3809 not |
| understand | יָדְעִ֖ין | yā·ḏə·‘în | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural | H3046 know |
| But you have failed to | לָ֥א | lā | Adverb - Negative particle | H3809 not |
| glorify | הַדַּֽרְתָּ׃ | had·dar·tā | Verb - Piel - Perfect - second person masculine singular | H1922 glorify |
| the God | וְלֵֽאלָהָ֞א | wə·lê·lā·hā | Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular determinate | H426 god, God |
| who | דִּֽי־ | dî- | Pronoun - relative | H1768 who, which, that |
| holds | לֵ֖הּ | lêh | Preposition; third person masculine singular | |
| in His hand | בִּידֵ֛הּ | bî·ḏêh | Preposition-b; Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H3028 hand |
| your very breath | נִשְׁמְתָ֥ךְ | niš·mə·ṯāḵ | Noun - feminine singular construct; second person masculine singular | H5396 vital breath |
| and all | וְכָל־ | wə·ḵāl | Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular construct | H3606 the whole, all |
| your ways | אֹרְחָתָ֥ךְ | ’ō·rə·ḥā·ṯāḵ | Noun - feminine plural construct; second person masculine singular | H735 way |
Daniel 5:24
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Therefore | בֵּאדַ֙יִן֙ | bê·ḏa·yin | Preposition-b; Adverb | H116 then, thereupon |
| He sent | שְׁלִ֖יַחַ | šə·li·ya·aḥ | Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H7972 send |
| the hand | יְדָ֑א | yə·ḏā | Noun - feminine singular determinate | H3028 hand |
| that wrote | רְשִֽׁים׃ | rə·šîm | Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H7560 inscribe, sign |
| the | דְנָ֖ה | ḏə·nāh | Pronoun - masculine singular | H1836 this |
| inscription | וּכְתָבָ֥א | ū·ḵə·ṯā·ḇā | Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular determinate | H3792 writing |
Cross-references
Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.
Daniel 5:17 2 Kings 5:16 · Genesis 14:23
Daniel 5:18 Daniel 2:37–38 · Daniel 4:17 · Daniel 4:22–25
Daniel 5:19 Daniel 3:6 · Daniel 2:12–13 · Daniel 3:4
Daniel 5:20 2 Kings 17:14 · Jeremiah 13:18 · Proverbs 16:18 · 2 Chronicles 36:13 · Hebrews 3:13 · Exodus 9:17 · Job 40:11–12 · Isaiah 14:12–17 · Jeremiah 19:15 · Proverbs 16:5 · Luke 18:14 · Daniel 4:37
Daniel 5:21 Daniel 4:25 · Ezekiel 17:24 · Daniel 4:35 · Daniel 4:17 · Exodus 9:14–16 · Daniel 4:32–33 · Job 30:3–7 · Psalm 83:17–18
Daniel 5:22 2 Chronicles 33:23 · Exodus 10:3 · 2 Chronicles 36:12 · James 4:17 · James 4:6 · 1 Peter 5:5–6
Daniel 5:23 Job 12:10 · Daniel 4:37 · Isaiah 37:23 · Isaiah 2:12 · Jeremiah 10:23 · Jeremiah 50:29 · Psalm 115:4–8 · Job 31:4 · Proverbs 20:24 · Daniel 5:2–4 · 2 Kings 14:10 · Psalm 139:3
Daniel 5:24 Daniel 5:5
Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.
Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.