Isaiah

Isaiah 1:4–7

⁴Alas, O sinful nation,

a people laden with iniquity,

a brood of evildoers,

children who act corruptly!

They have forsaken the LORD;

they have despised the Holy One of Israel

and turned their backs on Him.

⁵Why do you want more beatings?

Why do you keep rebelling?

Your head has a massive wound,

and your whole heart is afflicted.

⁶From the sole of your foot to the top of your head,

there is no soundness—

only wounds and welts and festering sores

neither cleansed nor bandaged nor soothed with oil.

⁷Your land is desolate;

your cities are burned with fire.

Foreigners devour your fields before you —

a desolation demolished by strangers.

Read all of Isaiah 1

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

Isaiah 1:4

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Alas	ה֣וֹי׀	hō·w	Interjection	H1945 Ah, Alas, Ha
O sinful	חֹטֵ֗א	ḥō·ṭê	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular	H2398 miss
nation	גּ֣וֹי	gō·w	Noun - masculine singular	H1471 nation, people
a people	עַ֚ם	‘am	Noun - masculine singular	H5971 people
laden	כֶּ֣בֶד	ke·ḇeḏ	Adjective - masculine singular construct	H3515 heavy
with iniquity	עָוֺ֔ן	‘ā·wōn	Noun - common singular	H5771 iniquity, guilt, or punishment of iniquity
a brood	זֶ֣רַע	ze·ra‘	Noun - masculine singular	H2233 sowing, seed, offspring
of evildoers	מְרֵעִ֔ים	mə·rê·‘îm	Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine plural	H7489 be evil, bad
children	בָּנִ֖ים	bā·nîm	Noun - masculine plural	H1121 son
who act corruptly	מַשְׁחִיתִ֑ים	maš·ḥî·ṯîm	Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine plural	H7843 go to ruin (?)
They have forsaken	עָזְב֣וּ	‘ā·zə·ḇū	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural	H5800 leave, forsake, loose
the LORD	יְהוָ֗ה	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
they have despised	נִֽאֲצ֛וּ	ni·’ă·ṣū	Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person common plural	H5006 contemn, spurn
the Holy	קְד֥וֹשׁ	qə·ḏō·wōš	Adjective - masculine singular construct	H6918 sacred, holy
One of Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	yiś·rā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel
turned	נָזֹ֥רוּ	nā·zō·rū	Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common plural	H2114 be a stranger
their backs on Him	אָחֽוֹר׃	’ā·ḥō·wr	Noun - masculine singular	H268 the hinder side, back part

Isaiah 1:5

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Why	עַ֣ל	‘al	Preposition	H5921 height
do you want more	ע֖וֹד	‘ō·wḏ	Adverb	H5750 a going round, continuance
beatings	תֻכּ֛וּ	ṯuk·kū	Verb - Hofal - Imperfect - second person masculine plural	H5221 smite
Why do you keep	תּוֹסִ֣יפוּ	tō·w·sî·p̄ū	Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine plural	H3254 add
rebelling	סָרָ֑ה	sā·rāh	Noun - feminine singular	H5627 a turning aside, defection, apostasy, withdrawal
Your head	רֹ֣אשׁ	rōš	Noun - masculine singular	H7218 head
has a massive	כָּל־	kāl-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
wound	לָחֳלִ֔י	lā·ḥo·lî	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular	H2483 sickness
and your whole	וְכָל־	wə·ḵāl	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular construct	H3605 the whole, all
heart	לֵבָ֖ב	lê·ḇāḇ	Noun - masculine singular	H3824 inner man, mind, will, heart
is afflicted	דַּוָּֽי׃	daw·wāy	Adjective - masculine singular	H1742 faint

Isaiah 1:6

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
From the sole	מִכַּף־	mik·kap̄-	Preposition-m; Noun - feminine singular construct	H3709 hollow, or flat of the hand, palm, sole of foot, pan
of your foot	רֶ֤גֶל	re·ḡel	Noun - feminine singular	H7272 foot
to the top	וְעַד־	wə·‘aḏ-	Conjunctive waw; Preposition	H5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while
of your head	רֹאשׁ֙	rōš	Noun - masculine singular	H7218 head
no	אֵֽין־	’ên-	Adverb	H369 nothing, nought
soundness	מְתֹ֔ם	mə·ṯōm	Noun - masculine singular	H4974 soundness
only wounds	פֶּ֥צַע	pe·ṣa‘	Noun - masculine singular	H6482 bruise, wound
and welts	וְחַבּוּרָ֖ה	wə·ḥab·bū·rāh	Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular	H2250 stripe, blow
and festering	טְרִיָּ֑ה	ṭə·rî·yāh	Adjective - feminine singular	H2961 fresh
sores	וּמַכָּ֣ה	ū·mak·kāh	Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular	H4347 blow, wound, slaughter
neither	לֹא־	lō-	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
cleansed	זֹ֙רוּ֙	zō·rū	Verb - QalPass - Perfect - third person common plural	H2115 press down and out
nor	וְלֹ֣א	wə·lō	Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
bandaged	חֻבָּ֔שׁוּ	ḥub·bā·šū	Verb - Pual - Perfect - third person common plural	H2280 bind, bind on, bind up
nor	וְלֹ֥א	wə·lō	Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
soothed	רֻכְּכָ֖ה	ruk·kə·ḵāh	Verb - Pual - Perfect - third person feminine singular	H7401 be tender, weak, soft
with oil	בַּשָּֽׁמֶן׃	baš·šā·men	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H8081 fat, oil

Isaiah 1:7

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Your land	אַרְצְכֶ֣ם	’ar·ṣə·ḵem	Noun - feminine singular construct; second person masculine plural	H776 earth, land
is desolate	שְׁמָמָ֔ה	šə·mā·māh	Noun - feminine singular	H8077 a devastation, waste
your cities	עָרֵיכֶ֖ם	‘ā·rê·ḵem	Noun - feminine plural construct; second person masculine plural	H5892 excitement
burned	שְׂרֻפ֣וֹת	śə·ru·p̄ō·wṯ	Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - feminine plural	H8313 burn
with fire	אֵ֑שׁ	’êš	Noun - common singular	H784 fire
Foreigners	זָרִים֙	zā·rîm	Adjective - masculine plural	H2114 be a stranger
devour	אֹכְלִ֣ים	’ō·ḵə·lîm	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural	H398 eat
your fields	אַדְמַתְכֶ֗ם	’aḏ·maṯ·ḵem	Noun - feminine singular construct; second person masculine plural	H127 ground, land
before you	לְנֶגְדְּכֶם֙	lə·neḡ·də·ḵem	Preposition-l; second person masculine plural	H5048 what is conspicuous or in front
a desolation	וּשְׁמָמָ֖ה	ū·šə·mā·māh	Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine singular	H8077 a devastation, waste
demolished	כְּמַהְפֵּכַ֥ת	kə·mah·pê·ḵaṯ	Preposition-k; Noun - feminine singular construct	H4114 overthrow
by strangers	זָרִֽים׃	zā·rîm	Adjective - masculine plural	H2114 be a stranger