John

John 12:38–41

³⁸This was to fulfill the word of Isaiah the prophet:

“Lord, who has believed our message?

And to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?”^g

³⁹For this reason they were unable to believe. For again, Isaiah says:

⁴⁰“He has blinded their eyes

and hardened their hearts,

so that they cannot see with their eyes,

and understand with their hearts,

and turn,

and I would heal them.”^h

⁴¹Isaiah said these things because he saw Jesus’ glory and spoke about Him.

Footnotes

g 12:38 Isaiah 53:1|ISA 53:1
h 12:40 Isaiah 6:10|ISA 6:10

Read all of John 12

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Greek it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

John 12:38

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
This was	ἵνα	hina	Conjunction	G2443 in order that, so that
to fulfill	πληρωθῇ	plērōthē	Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person Singular	G4137 I fill, fulfill, complete
the	ὁ	ho	Article - Nominative Masculine Singular	G3588 the
word	λόγος	logos	Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular	G3056 a word, speech, divine utterance, analogy
of Isaiah	Ἠσαΐου	Ēsaiou	Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular	G2268 Isaiah
the	τοῦ	tou	Article - Genitive Masculine Singular	G3588 the
prophet	προφήτου	prophētou	Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular	G4396 a prophet, poet
Lord	Κύριε	Kyrie	Noun - Vocative Masculine Singular	G2962 lord, Lord, master, sir
who	τίς	tis	Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular	G5101 who, which, what
has believed	ἐπίστευσεν	episteusen	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G4100 I believe, have faith in
our	ἡμῶν	hēmōn	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Plural	G1473 I
message	ἀκοῇ	akoē	Noun - Dative Feminine Singular	G189 hearing, faculty of hearing, ear
And	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
to whom	τίνι	tini	Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Dative Masculine Singular	G5101 who, which, what
the	ὁ	ho	Article - Nominative Masculine Singular	G3588 the
arm	βραχίων	brachiōn	Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular	G1023 the arm, strength
of	Κυρίου	Kyriou	Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular	G2962 lord, Lord, master, sir
been revealed	ἀπεκαλύφθη	apekalyphthē	Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular	G601 I uncover, bring to light, reveal

John 12:39

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
For this reason	Διὰ	Dia	Preposition	G1223 through, on account of
they were unable	ἠδύναντο	ēdynanto	Verb - Imperfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Plural	G1410 I am powerful, am able
to believe	πιστεύειν	pisteuein	Verb - Present Infinitive Active	G4100 I believe, have faith in
For	ὅτι	hoti	Conjunction	G3754 that, since, because
again	πάλιν	palin	Adverb	G3825 again, further, on the other hand
Isaiah	Ἠσαΐας	Ēsaias	Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular	G2268 Isaiah
says	εἶπεν	eipen	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G2036 to speak or say (by word or writing)

John 12:40

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
He has blinded	Τετύφλωκεν	Tetyphlōken	Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G5186 I make blind
their	αὐτῶν	autōn	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Plural	G846 he, she, it, they, them, same
eyes	ὀφθαλμοὺς	ophthalmous	Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural	G3788 the eye
and	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
hardened	ἐπώρωσεν	epōrōsen	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G4456 I harden, render callous
their	αὐτῶν	autōn	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Plural	G846 he, she, it, they, them, same
hearts	καρδίαν	kardian	Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular	G2588 the heart, inner life, intention
so that	ἵνα	hina	Conjunction	G2443 in order that, so that
they cannot see	ἴδωσιν	idōsin	Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person Plural	G3708 I see, look upon, experience
with	τοῖς	tois	Article - Dative Masculine Plural	G3588 the
eyes	ὀφθαλμοῖς	ophthalmois	Noun - Dative Masculine Plural	G3788 the eye
and	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
understand	νοήσωσιν	noēsōsin	Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person Plural	G3539 I understand, consider
with	τῇ	tē	Article - Dative Feminine Singular	G3588 the
hearts	καρδίᾳ	kardia	Noun - Dative Feminine Singular	G2588 the heart, inner life, intention
and	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
turn	στραφῶσιν	straphōsin	Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person Plural	G4762 I turn, am converted, change
and	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
I would heal	ἰάσομαι	iasomai	Verb - Future Indicative Middle - 1st Person Singular	G2390 I heal
them	αὐτούς	autous	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Plural	G846 he, she, it, they, them, same

John 12:41

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Isaiah	Ἠσαΐας	Ēsaias	Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular	G2268 Isaiah
said	εἶπεν	eipen	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G2036 to speak or say (by word or writing)
these things	Ταῦτα	Tauta	Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Plural	G3778 this, he, she, it
because	ὅτι	hoti	Conjunction	G3754 that, since, because
he saw	εἶδεν	eiden	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G3708 I see, look upon, experience
glory	δόξαν	doxan	Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular	G1391 honor, renown, glory splendor
and	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
spoke	ἐλάλησεν	elalēsen	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G2980 I speak, say
about	περὶ	peri	Preposition	G4012 about, concerning, around
Him	αὐτοῦ	autou	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular	G846 he, she, it, they, them, same