John

John 19:31–38

³¹It was the day of Preparation, and the next day was a High Sabbath. In order that the bodies would not remain on the cross during the Sabbath, the Jews asked Pilate to have the legs broken and the bodies removed. ³²So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first man who had been crucified with Jesus, and those of the other.

³³But when they came to Jesus and saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs. ³⁴Instead, one of the soldiers pierced His side with a spear, and immediately blood and water flowed out. ³⁵The one who saw it has testified to this, and his testimony is true. He knows that he is telling the truth, so that you also may believe.

³⁶Now these things happened so that the Scripture would be fulfilled: “Not one of His bones will be broken.”^g ³⁷And, as another Scripture says: “They will look on the One they have pierced.”^h

³⁸Afterward, Joseph of Arimathea, who was a disciple of Jesus (but secretly for fear of the Jews), asked Pilate to let him remove the body of Jesus. Pilate gave him permission, so he came and removed His body.

Footnotes

g 19:36 Psalm 34:20|PSA 34:20; see also Exodus 12:46 and Numbers 9:12.
h 19:37 Zechariah 12:10|ZEC 12:10

Read all of John 19

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Greek it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

John 19:31

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
It was	ἦν	ēn	Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G1510 I am, exist
day of Preparation	Παρασκευὴ	Paraskeuē	Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular	G3904 the day before the Sabbath
day	ἡμέρα	hēmera	Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular	G2250 a day
was	ἦν	ēn	Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G1510 I am, exist
a High	μεγάλη	megalē	Adjective - Nominative Feminine Singular	G3173 large, great
Sabbath	σαββάτου	sabbatou	Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular	G4521 the Sabbath, a week
In order that	ἵνα	hina	Conjunction	G2443 in order that, so that
the	τὰ	ta	Article - Nominative Neuter Plural	G3588 the
bodies	σώματα	sōmata	Noun - Nominative Neuter Plural	G4983 body, flesh
would not remain	μείνῃ	meinē	Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person Singular	G3306 I remain, abide
on	ἐπὶ	epi	Preposition	G1909 on, to, against, on the basis of, at
the	τοῦ	tou	Article - Genitive Neuter Singular	G3588 the
cross	σταυροῦ	staurou	Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular	G4716 a cross
during	ἐν	en	Preposition	G1722 in, on, among
the	τῷ	tō	Article - Dative Neuter Singular	G3588 the
Sabbath	σαββάτῳ	sabbatō	Noun - Dative Neuter Singular	G4521 the Sabbath, a week
the	Οἱ	Hoi	Article - Nominative Masculine Plural	G3588 the
Jews	Ἰουδαῖοι	Ioudaioi	Adjective - Nominative Masculine Plural	G2453 Jewish
asked	ἠρώτησαν	ērōtēsan	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural	G2065 I ask, question, request
Pilate	Πιλᾶτον	Pilaton	Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular	G4091 Pilate
to have	ἵνα	hina	Conjunction	G2443 in order that, so that
the	τὰ	ta	Article - Accusative Neuter Plural	G3588 the
legs	σκέλη	skelē	Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural	G4628 the leg
broken	κατεαγῶσιν	kateagōsin	Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person Plural	G2608 I break in pieces
and	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
removed	ἀρθῶσιν	arthōsin	Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person Plural	G142 I raise, lift up

John 19:32

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
So	οὖν	oun	Conjunction	G3767 therefore, then
the	οἱ	hoi	Article - Nominative Masculine Plural	G3588 the
soldiers	στρατιῶται	stratiōtai	Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural	G4757 a soldier
came	ἦλθον	ēlthon	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural	G2064 I come, go
and	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
broke	κατέαξαν	kateaxan	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural	G2608 I break in pieces
the	τὰ	ta	Article - Accusative Neuter Plural	G3588 the
legs	σκέλη	skelē	Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural	G4628 the leg
of the	τοῦ	tou	Article - Genitive Masculine Singular	G3588 the
first	πρώτου	prōtou	Adjective - Genitive Masculine Singular	G4413 first, before
who	τοῦ	tou	Article - Genitive Masculine Singular	G3588 the
had been crucified with	συσταυρωθέντος	systaurōthentos	Verb - Aorist Participle Passive - Genitive Masculine Singular	G4957 I crucify together with
and	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
of the	τοῦ	tou	Article - Genitive Masculine Singular	G3588 the
other	ἄλλου	allou	Adjective - Genitive Masculine Singular	G243 other, another, different

John 19:33

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
But	δὲ	de	Conjunction	G1161 but, on the other hand, and
when	ὡς	hōs	Adverb	G5613 as, like as, how, while, so that
they came	ἐλθόντες	elthontes	Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural	G2064 I come, go
to	ἐπὶ	epi	Preposition	G1909 on, to, against, on the basis of, at
Jesus	Ἰησοῦν	Iēsoun	Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular	G2424 Jesus
saw that	εἶδον	eidon	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural	G3708 I see, look upon, experience
He	αὐτὸν	auton	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular	G846 he, she, it, they, them, same
was already	ἤδη	ēdē	Adverb	G2235 now, already
dead	τεθνηκότα	tethnēkota	Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Accusative Masculine Singular	G2348 I am dying, am dead
they did not break	κατέαξαν	kateaxan	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural	G2608 I break in pieces
His	αὐτοῦ	autou	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular	G846 he, she, it, they, them, same
legs	σκέλη	skelē	Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural	G4628 the leg

John 19:34

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Instead	ἀλλ’	all’	Conjunction	G235 but, except
one	εἷς	heis	Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular	G1520 one
of the	τῶν	tōn	Article - Genitive Masculine Plural	G3588 the
soldiers	στρατιωτῶν	stratiōtōn	Noun - Genitive Masculine Plural	G4757 a soldier
pierced	ἔνυξεν	enyxen	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G3572 I prick, pierce, stab
His	αὐτοῦ	autou	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular	G846 he, she, it, they, them, same
side	πλευρὰν	pleuran	Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular	G4125 the side of the body
with a spear	λόγχῃ	lonchē	Noun - Dative Feminine Singular	G3057 a lance, spear
and	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
immediately	εὐθὺς	euthys	Adverb	G2112 immediately, soon
blood	αἷμα	haima	Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular	G129 blood
and	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
water	ὕδωρ	hydōr	Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular	G5204 water
flowed out	ἐξῆλθεν	exēlthen	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G1831 I go out, come out

John 19:35

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
The	ὁ	ho	Article - Nominative Masculine Singular	G3588 the
saw	ἑωρακὼς	heōrakōs	Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular	G3708 I see, look upon, experience
has testified to this	μεμαρτύρηκεν	memartyrēken	Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G3140 I witness, testify
and	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
his	αὐτοῦ	autou	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular	G846 he, she, it, they, them, same
testimony	μαρτυρία	martyria	Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular	G3141 witness, evidence, testimony
is	ἐστιν	estin	Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G1510 I am, exist
true	ἀληθινὴ	alēthinē	Adjective - Nominative Feminine Singular	G228 true, real, genuine
He	ἐκεῖνος	ekeinos	Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular	G1565 that, that one there, yonder
knows	οἶδεν	oiden	Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G1492 I know, remember
that	ὅτι	hoti	Conjunction	G3754 that, since, because
he is telling	λέγει	legei	Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G3004 I say, speak
truth	ἀληθῆ	alēthē	Adjective - Accusative Neuter Plural	G227 unconcealed, true
so that	ἵνα	hina	Conjunction	G2443 in order that, so that
you	ὑμεῖς	hymeis	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Plural	G4771 you
also	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
may believe	πιστεύητε	pisteuēte	Verb - Present Subjunctive Active - 2nd Person Plural	G4100 I believe, have faith in

John 19:36

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Now	γὰρ	gar	Conjunction	G1063 for
these things	ταῦτα	tauta	Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Neuter Plural	G3778 this, he, she, it
happened	Ἐγένετο	Egeneto	Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular	G1096 I come into being, am born
so that	ἵνα	hina	Conjunction	G2443 in order that, so that
the	ἡ	hē	Article - Nominative Feminine Singular	G3588 the
Scripture	γραφὴ	graphē	Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular	G1124 a writing, passage of scripture, the scriptures
would be fulfilled	πληρωθῇ	plērōthē	Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person Singular	G4137 I fill, fulfill, complete
Not one	οὐ	ou	Adverb	G3756 no, not
of His	αὐτοῦ	autou	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular	G846 he, she, it, they, them, same
bones	Ὀστοῦν	Ostoun	Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular	G3747 a bone
will be broken	συντριβήσεται	syntribēsetai	Verb - Future Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular	G4937 I break by crushing

John 19:37

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
And	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
as another	ἑτέρα	hetera	Adjective - Nominative Feminine Singular	G2087 another, different
Scripture	γραφὴ	graphē	Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular	G1124 a writing, passage of scripture, the scriptures
says	λέγει	legei	Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G3004 I say, speak
They will look	Ὄψονται	Opsontai	Verb - Future Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Plural	G3708 I see, look upon, experience
on	εἰς	eis	Preposition	G1519 into, in, among, till, for
the	ὃν	hon	Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular	G3739 who, which, what, that
they have pierced	ἐξεκέντησαν	exekentēsan	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural	G1574 I pierce through, transfix

John 19:38

English	Greek	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Afterward	δὲ	de	Conjunction	G1161 but, on the other hand, and
Joseph	Ἰωσὴφ	Iōsēph	Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular	G2501 Joseph
of	ἀπὸ	apo	Preposition	G575 from, away from
Arimathea	Ἁριμαθαίας	Harimathaias	Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular	G707 Arimathea
who was	ὢν	ōn	Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular	G1510 I am, exist
a disciple	μαθητὴς	mathētēs	Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular	G3101 a learner, disciple, pupil
of Jesus	Ἰησοῦ	Iēsou	Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular	G2424 Jesus
but	δὲ	de	Conjunction	G1161 but, on the other hand, and
secretly	κεκρυμμένος	kekrymmenos	Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Singular	G2928 I hide, conceal, lay up
for	διὰ	dia	Preposition	G1223 through, on account of
fear	φόβον	phobon	Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular	G5401 fear, terror, reverence
of the	τῶν	tōn	Article - Genitive Masculine Plural	G3588 the
Jews	Ἰουδαίων	Ioudaiōn	Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural	G2453 Jewish
asked	ἠρώτησεν	ērōtēsen	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G2065 I ask, question, request
Pilate	Πιλᾶτον	Pilaton	Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular	G4091 Pilate
to	ἵνα	hina	Conjunction	G2443 in order that, so that
let him remove	ἄρῃ	arē	Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 3rd Person Singular	G142 I raise, lift up
the	τὸ	to	Article - Accusative Neuter Singular	G3588 the
body	σῶμα	sōma	Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular	G4983 body, flesh
of Jesus	Ἰησοῦ	Iēsou	Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular	G2424 Jesus
Pilate	Πιλᾶτος	Pilatos	Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular	G4091 Pilate
gave him permission	ἐπέτρεψεν	epetrepsen	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G2010 I allow, permit
so	οὖν	oun	Conjunction	G3767 therefore, then
he came	ἦλθεν	ēlthen	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G2064 I come, go
and	καὶ	kai	Conjunction	G2532 and, even, also, namely
removed	ἦρεν	ēren	Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular	G142 I raise, lift up
His	αὐτοῦ	autou	Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular	G846 he, she, it, they, them, same
body	σῶμα	sōma	Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular	G4983 body, flesh