Jonah

Jonah 1:1–6

¹Now the word of the LORD came to Jonah son of Amittai, saying, ²“Get up! Go to the great city of Nineveh and preach against it, because its wickedness has come up before Me.”

³Jonah, however, got up to flee to Tarshish, away from the presence of the LORD. He went down to Joppa and found a ship bound for Tarshish. So he paid the fare and went aboard to sail for Tarshish, away from the presence of the LORD.

⁴Then the LORD hurled a great wind upon the sea, and such a violent storm arose that the ship was in danger of breaking apart. ⁵The sailors were afraid, and each cried out to his own god. And they threw the ship’s cargo into the sea to lighten the load. But Jonah had gone down to the lowest part of the vessel, where he lay down and fell into a deep sleep.

⁶The captain approached him and said, “How can you sleep? Get up and call upon your God. Perhaps this God will consider us, so that we may not perish.”

Read all of Jonah 1

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

Jonah 1:1

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Now the word	דְּבַר־	də·ḇar-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H1697 speech, word
of the LORD	יְהוָ֔ה	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
came	וַֽיְהִי֙	way·hî	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
to	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
Jonah	יוֹנָ֥ה	yō·w·nāh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3124 Jonah
son	בֶן־	ḇen-	Noun - masculine singular construct	H1121 son
of Amittai	אֲמִתַּ֖י	’ă·mit·tay	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H573 Amittai
saying	לֵאמֹֽר׃	lê·mōr	Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H559 utter, say

Jonah 1:2

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Get up	ק֠וּם	qūm	Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular	H6965 arise, stand up, stand
Go	לֵ֧ךְ	lêḵ	Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular	H1980 go, come, walk
to	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
the great	הַגְּדוֹלָ֖ה	hag·gə·ḏō·w·lāh	Article; Adjective - feminine singular	H1419 great
city	הָעִ֥יר	hā·‘îr	Article; Noun - feminine singular	H5892 excitement
of Nineveh	נִֽינְוֵ֛ה	nî·nə·wêh	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H5210 Nineveh
and preach	וּקְרָ֣א	ū·qə·rā	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular	H7121 call, proclaim, read
against it	עָלֶ֑יהָ	‘ā·le·hā	Preposition; third person feminine singular	H5921 height
because	כִּֽי־	kî-	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
its wickedness	רָעָתָ֖ם	rā·‘ā·ṯām	Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine plural	H7451 bad, evil
has come up	עָלְתָ֥ה	‘ā·lə·ṯāh	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular	H5927 go up, ascend, climb
before Me	לְפָנָֽי׃	lə·p̄ā·nāy	Preposition-l; Noun - masculine plural construct; first person common singular	H6440 face, before

Jonah 1:3

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Jonah	יוֹנָה֙	yō·w·nāh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3124 Jonah
however	יוֹנָה֙	yō·w·nāh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3124 Jonah
got up	וַיָּ֤קָם	way·yā·qām	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H6965 arise, stand up, stand
to flee	לִבְרֹ֣חַ	liḇ·rō·aḥ	Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H1272 go through, flee
to Tarshish	תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁה	tar·šî·šāh	Noun - proper - feminine singular; third person feminine singular	H8659 Tarshish
away from the presence	מִלִּפְנֵ֖י	mil·lip̄·nê	Preposition-m, Preposition-l; Noun - common plural construct	H6440 face, before
of the LORD	יְהוָ֑ה	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
He went down	וַיֵּ֨רֶד	way·yê·reḏ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H3381 come or go down, descend
to Joppa	יָפ֜וֹ	yā·p̄ōw	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H3305 Joppa
and found	וַיִּמְצָ֥א	way·yim·ṣā	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H4672 attain to, find
a ship	אָנִיָּ֣ה׀	ʾå̄·nī·yå̄h	Noun - feminine singular	H591 a ship
bound	בָּאָ֣ה	bā·’āh	Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine singular	H935 come in, come, go in, go
for Tarshish	תַרְשִׁ֗ישׁ	ṯar·šîš	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H8659 Tarshish
So he paid	וַיִּתֵּ֨ן	way·yit·tên	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5414 give, put, set
the fare	שְׂכָרָ֜הּ	śə·ḵā·rāh	Noun - masculine singular construct; third person feminine singular	H7939 hire, wages
and went aboard	וַיֵּ֤רֶד	way·yê·reḏ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H3381 come or go down, descend
to sail	לָב֤וֹא	lā·ḇō·w	Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H935 come in, come, go in, go
for Tarshish	תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁה	tar·šî·šāh	Noun - proper - feminine singular; third person feminine singular	H8659 Tarshish
away from the presence	מִלִּפְנֵ֖י	mil·lip̄·nê	Preposition-m, Preposition-l; Noun - common plural construct	H6440 face, before
of the LORD	יְהוָֽה׃	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh

Jonah 1:4

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
Then the LORD	וַֽיהוָ֗ה	Yah·weh	Conjunctive waw; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
hurled	הֵטִ֤יל	hê·ṭîl	Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H2904 hurl, cast
a great	גְּדוֹלָה֙	gə·ḏō·w·lāh	Adjective - feminine singular	H1419 great
wind	רֽוּחַ־	rū·aḥ-	Noun - common singular	H7307 breath, wind, spirit
upon	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
the sea	הַיָּ֔ם	hay·yām	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3220 sea
and such a violent	גָּד֖וֹל	gā·ḏō·wl	Adjective - masculine singular	H1419 great
storm	סַֽעַר־	sa·‘ar-	Noun - masculine singular	H5591 tempest
arose	וַיְהִ֥י	way·hî	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
that the ship	וְהָ֣אֳנִיָּ֔ה	wə·hā·’o·nî·yāh	Conjunctive waw, Article; Noun - feminine singular	H591 a ship
was in danger	חִשְּׁבָ֖ה	ḥiš·šə·ḇāh	Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person feminine singular	H2803 think, account
of breaking apart	לְהִשָּׁבֵֽר׃	lə·hiš·šā·ḇêr	Preposition-l; Verb - Nifal - Infinitive construct	H7665 break, break in pieces

Jonah 1:5

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
The sailors	הַמַּלָּחִ֗ים	ham·mal·lā·ḥîm	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H4419 mariner
were afraid	וַיִּֽירְא֣וּ	way·yî·rə·’ū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H3372 fear
and each	אִ֣ישׁ	’îš	Noun - masculine singular	H376 man
cried out	וַֽיִּזְעֲקוּ֮	way·yiz·‘ă·qū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H2199 cry, cry out, call
to	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
his own god	אֱלֹהָיו֒	’ĕ·lō·hāw	Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H430 God
And they threw	וַיָּטִ֨לוּ	way·yā·ṭi·lū	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural	H2904 hurl, cast
the ship’s	בָּֽאֳנִיָּה֙	bā·’o·nî·yāh	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - feminine singular	H591 a ship
cargo	הַכֵּלִ֜ים	hak·kê·lîm	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H3627 article, utensil, vessel
into	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
the sea	הַיָּ֔ם	hay·yām	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3220 sea
to lighten	לְהָקֵ֖ל	lə·hā·qêl	Preposition-l; Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct	H7043 be slight, swift, trifling
the load	מֵֽעֲלֵיהֶ֑ם	mê·‘ă·lê·hem	Preposition-m; third person masculine plural	H5921 height
But Jonah	וְיוֹנָ֗ה	wə·yō·w·nāh	Conjunctive waw; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3124 Jonah
had gone down	יָרַד֙	yā·raḏ	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H3381 come or go down, descend
to	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
the lowest part	יַרְכְּתֵ֣י	yar·kə·ṯê	Noun - feminine dual construct	H3411 flank, side
of the vessel	הַסְּפִינָ֔ה	has·sə·p̄î·nāh	Article; Noun - feminine singular	H5600 vessel, ship
where he lay down	וַיִּשְׁכַּ֖ב	way·yiš·kaḇ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7901 lie down
and fell into a deep sleep	וַיֵּרָדַֽם׃	way·yê·rā·ḏam	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7290 be in, or fall into, heavy sleep

Jonah 1:6

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
The captain	רַ֣ב	raḇ	Noun - masculine singular construct	H7227 much, many, great
approached	וַיִּקְרַ֤ב	way·yiq·raḇ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H7126 come near, approach
him	אֵלָיו֙	’ê·lāw	Preposition; third person masculine singular	H413 motion to
and said	וַיֹּ֥אמֶר	way·yō·mer	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H559 utter, say
How	מַה־	mah-	Interrogative	H4100 what? how? aught
can you	לְּךָ֣	lə·ḵā	Preposition; second person masculine singular
sleep	נִרְדָּ֑ם	nir·dām	Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singular	H7290 be in, or fall into, heavy sleep
Get up	ק֚וּם	qūm	Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular	H6965 arise, stand up, stand
call	קְרָ֣א	qə·rā	Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular	H7121 call, proclaim, read
upon	אֶל־	’el-	Preposition	H413 motion to
your God	אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ	’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā	Noun - masculine plural construct; second person masculine singular	H430 God
Perhaps	אוּלַ֞י	’ū·lay	Adverb	H194 peradventure, perhaps
this God	הָאֱלֹהִ֛ים	hā·’ĕ·lō·hîm	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H430 God
will consider	יִתְעַשֵּׁ֧ת	yiṯ·‘aš·šêṯ	Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H6245 smooth or shiny (?)
us	לָ֖נוּ	lā·nū	Preposition; first person common plural
so that	וְלֹ֥א	wə·lō	Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
we may not perish	נֹאבֵֽד׃	nō·ḇêḏ	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common plural	H6 perish