1 Samuel

1 Samuel 30:1–8

1On the third day David and his men arrived in Ziklag, and the Amalekites had raided the Negev, attacked Ziklag, and burned it down. 2They had taken captive the women and alla who were there, both young and old. They had not killed anyone, but had carried them off as they went on their way.

3When David and his men came to the city, they found it burned down and their wives and sons and daughters taken captive. 4So David and the troops with him lifted up their voices and wept until they had no strength left to weep.

5David’s two wives, Ahinoam of Jezreel and Abigail the widow of Nabal of Carmel, had been taken captive. 6And David was greatly distressed because the people spoke of stoning him, because the soul of every man grieved for his sons and daughters. But David found strength in the LORD his God.

7Then David said to Abiathar the priest, the son of Ahimelech, “Bring me the ephod.”

So Abiathar brought it to him, 8and David inquired of the LORD: “Should I pursue these raiders? Will I overtake them?”

“Pursue them,” the LORD replied, “for you will surely overtake them and rescue the captives.”

Footnotes

  • a 30:2 LXX; Hebrew does not include and all.

Read all of 1 Samuel 30

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

1 Samuel 30:1

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
On the thirdהַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑יhaš·šə·lî·šîArticle; Number - ordinal masculine singularH7992 third
dayבַּיּ֣וֹםbay·yō·wmPreposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singularH3117 day
Davidדָוִ֧דḏā·wiḏNoun - proper - masculine singularH1732 David
and his menוַאֲנָשָׁ֛יוwa·’ă·nā·šāwConjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singularH582 man, mankind
arrivedבְּבֹ֨אbə·ḇōPreposition-b; Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructH935 come in, come, go in, go
in Ziklagצִֽקְלַ֖גṣiq·laḡNoun - proper - feminine singularH6860 Tsiklag, Tsikelag
and the Amalekitesוַעֲמָלֵקִ֣יwa·‘ă·mā·lê·qîConjunctive waw; Noun - proper - masculine singularH6003 Amalekite
had raidedפָֽשְׁט֗וּp̄ā·šə·ṭūVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralH6584 strip off, make a dash, raid
the Negevנֶ֙גֶב֙ne·ḡeḇNoun - proper - feminine singularH5045 south-country, Negeb, south
attackedוַיַּכּוּ֙way·yak·kūConjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH5221 smite
Ziklagצִ֣קְלַ֔גṣiq·laḡNoun - proper - feminine singularH6860 Tsiklag, Tsikelag
and burned it downוַיִּשְׂרְפ֥וּway·yiś·rə·p̄ūConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH8313 burn

1 Samuel 30:2

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
They had taken captiveוַיִּשְׁבּ֨וּway·yiš·būConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH7617 take captive
the womenהַנָּשִׁ֤יםhan·nā·šîmArticle; Noun - feminine pluralH802 woman, wife, female
who wereאֲשֶׁר־’ă·šer-Pronoun - relativeH834 particle of relation
thereבָּהּ֙bāhPreposition; third person feminine singular
both youngמִקָּטֹ֣ןmiq·qā·ṭōnPreposition-m; Adjective - masculine singularH6996 small, young, unimportant
andוְעַד־wə·‘aḏ-Conjunctive waw; PrepositionH5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while
oldגָּד֔וֹלgā·ḏō·wlAdjective - masculine singularH1419 great
They had not killedהֵמִ֖יתוּhê·mî·ṯūVerb - Hifil - Perfect - third person common pluralH4191 die
anyoneאִ֑ישׁ’îšNoun - masculine singularH376 man
but had carried them offוַיִּֽנְהֲג֔וּway·yin·hă·ḡūConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH5090 drive, conduct
as they wentוַיֵּלְכ֖וּway·yê·lə·ḵūConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH1980 go, come, walk
on their wayלְדַרְכָּֽם׃lə·ḏar·kāmPreposition-l; Noun - common singular construct; third person masculine pluralH1870 way, road, distance, journey, manner

1 Samuel 30:3

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
When Davidדָוִ֤דḏā·wiḏNoun - proper - masculine singularH1732 David
and his menוַֽאֲנָשָׁיו֙wa·’ă·nā·šāwConjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singularH582 man, mankind
cameוַיָּבֹ֨אway·yā·ḇōConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH935 come in, come, go in, go
toאֶל־’el-PrepositionH413 motion to
the cityהָעִ֔ירhā·‘îrArticle; Noun - feminine singularH5892 excitement
they foundוְהִנֵּ֥הwə·hin·nêhConjunctive waw; InterjectionH2009 lo! behold!
it burned downשְׂרוּפָ֖הśə·rū·p̄āhVerb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - feminine singularH8313 burn
and their wivesוּנְשֵׁיהֶ֛םū·nə·šê·hemConjunctive waw; Noun - feminine plural construct; third person masculine pluralH802 woman, wife, female
and sonsוּבְנֵיהֶ֥םū·ḇə·nê·hemConjunctive waw; Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine pluralH1121 son
and daughtersוּבְנֹתֵיהֶ֖םū·ḇə·nō·ṯê·hemConjunctive waw; Noun - feminine plural construct; third person masculine pluralH1323 daughter
taken captiveנִשְׁבּֽוּ׃niš·būVerb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common pluralH7617 take captive

1 Samuel 30:4

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
So Davidדָוִ֜דḏā·wiḏNoun - proper - masculine singularH1732 David
and the troopsוְהָעָ֧םwə·hā·‘āmConjunctive waw, Article; Noun - masculine singularH5971 people
with himאִתּ֛וֹ’it·tōwPreposition; third person masculine singularH854 with
lifted upוַיִּשָּׂ֨אway·yiś·śāConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH5375 lift, take, carry
their voicesקוֹלָ֖םqō·w·lāmNoun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine pluralH6963 sound, voice
and weptוַיִּבְכּ֑וּway·yiḇ·kūConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine pluralH1058 weep, bewail
untilעַ֣ד‘aḏPrepositionH5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while
they had noאֵין־’ên-AdverbH369 nothing, nought
strengthכֹּ֖חַkō·aḥNoun - masculine singularH3581 strength, power
left to weepלִבְכּֽוֹת׃liḇ·kō·wṯPreposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive constructH1058 weep, bewail

1 Samuel 30:5

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
David’sדָוִ֖דḏā·wiḏNoun - proper - masculine singularH1732 David
twoוּשְׁתֵּ֥יū·šə·têConjunctive waw; Number - feminine dual constructH8147 two
wivesנְשֵֽׁי־nə·šê-Noun - feminine plural constructH802 woman, wife, female
Ahinoamאֲחִינֹ֙עַם֙’ă·ḥî·nō·‘amNoun - proper - feminine singularH293 Achinoam
of Jezreelהַיִּזְרְעֵלִ֔יתhay·yiz·rə·‘ê·lîṯArticle; Noun - proper - feminine singularH3158 Jizreelite
and Abigailוַאֲבִיגַ֕יִלwa·’ă·ḇî·ḡa·yilConjunctive waw; Noun - proper - feminine singularH26 Abigail, Abigal
the widowאֵ֖שֶׁת’ê·šeṯNoun - feminine singular constructH802 woman, wife, female
of Nabalנָבָ֥לnā·ḇālNoun - proper - masculine singularH5037 Nabal
of Carmelהַֽכַּרְמְלִֽי׃hak·kar·mə·lîArticle; Noun - proper - masculine singularH3761 the Carmelite
had been taken captiveנִשְׁבּ֑וּniš·būVerb - Nifal - Perfect - third person common pluralH7617 take captive

1 Samuel 30:6

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
And Davidלְדָוִ֜דlə·ḏā·wiḏPreposition-l; Noun - proper - masculine singularH1732 David
was greatlyמְאֹ֗דmə·’ōḏAdverbH3966 muchness, force, abundance, exceedingly
distressedוַתֵּ֨צֶרwat·tê·ṣerConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singularH3334 press, be narrow, be in distress
becauseכִּֽי־kî-ConjunctionH3588 burning, branding
the peopleהָעָם֙hā·‘āmArticle; Noun - masculine singularH5971 people
spokeאָמְר֤וּ’ā·mə·rūVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person common pluralH559 utter, say
of stoning himלְסָקְל֔וֹlə·sā·qə·lōwPreposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct; third person masculine singularH5619 stone, put to death by stoning
becauseכִּֽי־kî-ConjunctionH3588 burning, branding
the soulנֶ֣פֶשׁne·p̄ešNoun - feminine singular constructH5315 soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, appetite, emotion, and passion
of every manאִ֖ישׁ’îšNoun - masculine singularH376 man
grievedמָ֙רָה֙mā·rāhVerb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singularH4784 be contentious, refractory, rebellious
forעַל־‘al-PrepositionH5921 height
his sonsבְּנוֹbə·nōNoun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singularH1121 son
andוְעַל־wə·‘al-Conjunctive waw; PrepositionH5921 height
daughtersבְּנֹתָ֑יוbə·nō·ṯāwNoun - feminine plural construct; third person masculine singularH1323 daughter
But Davidדָּוִ֔דdā·wiḏNoun - proper - masculine singularH1732 David
found strengthוַיִּתְחַזֵּ֣קway·yiṯ·ḥaz·zêqConjunctive waw; Verb - Hitpael - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH2388 be or grow firm, strong, strengthen
in the LORDבַּיהוָ֖הYah·wehPreposition-b; Noun - proper - masculine singularH3068 Yahweh
his Godאֱלֹהָֽיו׃ס’ĕ·lō·hāwNoun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singularH430 God

1 Samuel 30:7

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
Then Davidדָּוִ֗דdā·wiḏNoun - proper - masculine singularH1732 David
saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרway·yō·merConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH559 utter, say
toאֶל־’el-PrepositionH413 motion to
Abiatharאֶבְיָתָ֤ר’eḇ·yā·ṯārNoun - proper - masculine singularH54 Ebjathar
the priestהַכֹּהֵן֙hak·kō·hênArticle; Noun - masculine singularH3548 priest
the sonבֶּן־ben-Noun - masculine singular constructH1121 son
of Ahimelechאֲחִימֶ֔לֶךְ’ă·ḥî·me·leḵNoun - proper - masculine singularH288 Achimelek
Bringהַגִּֽישָׁה־hag·gî·šāh-Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singular; third person feminine singularH5066 draw near, approach
meלִ֖יlîPreposition; first person common singular
the ephodהָאֵפֹ֑דhā·’ê·p̄ōḏArticle; Noun - masculine singularH646 ephod
So Abiatharאֶבְיָתָ֛ר’eḇ·yā·ṯārNoun - proper - masculine singularH54 Ebjathar
broughtוַיַּגֵּ֧שׁway·yag·gêšConjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH5066 draw near, approach
itהָאֵפֹ֖דhā·’ê·p̄ōḏArticle; Noun - masculine singularH646 ephod
toאֶל־’el-PrepositionH413 motion to
himדָּוִֽד׃dā·wiḏNoun - proper - masculine singularH1732 David

1 Samuel 30:8

EnglishHebrewSounds likeGrammarWord study
and Davidדָּוִ֤דdā·wiḏNoun - proper - masculine singularH1732 David
inquiredוַיִּשְׁאַ֨לway·yiš·’alConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH7592 ask, inquire
of the LORDבַּֽיהוָה֙Yah·wehPreposition-b; Noun - proper - masculine singularH3068 Yahweh
Should I pursueאֶרְדֹּ֛ף’er·dōp̄Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singularH7291 pursue, chase, persecute
theseהַזֶּ֖הhaz·zehArticle; Pronoun - masculine singularH2088 this, that
raidersהַגְּדוּד־hag·gə·ḏūḏ-Article; Noun - masculine singularH1416 band, troop
Will I overtake themהַֽאַשִּׂגֶ֑נּוּha·’aś·śi·ḡen·nūVerb - Hifil - Imperfect - first person common singular; third person masculine singularH5381 reach, overtake
Pursue themרְדֹ֔ףrə·ḏōp̄Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singularH7291 pursue, chase, persecute
repliedוַיֹּ֤אמֶרway·yō·merConjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singularH559 utter, say
for you will surely overtake themהַשֵּׂ֥גhaś·śêḡVerb - Hifil - Infinitive absoluteH5381 reach, overtake
and rescue the captivesוְהַצֵּ֥לwə·haṣ·ṣêlConjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Infinitive absoluteH5337 strip, plunder

Cross-references

Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.

1 Samuel 30:1 1 Samuel 29:11 · 1 Samuel 15:7 · Joshua 11:6 · 1 Samuel 29:4 · 1 Samuel 27:8–10

1 Samuel 30:2 1 Samuel 27:11

1 Samuel 30:3 Psalm 34:19

1 Samuel 30:4 1 Samuel 11:4

1 Samuel 30:5 1 Samuel 25:42–43 · 2 Samuel 2:2

1 Samuel 30:6 Psalm 56:3–4 · Psalm 56:11 · Psalm 62:5 · Psalm 27:1–3 · Psalm 18:6 · Psalm 25:17 · Psalm 40:1–2 · Hebrews 13:6 · Exodus 17:4 · Romans 8:31 · 2 Corinthians 1:8–10 · Psalm 116:3–4

1 Samuel 30:7 1 Samuel 22:20–21 · 1 Kings 2:26

1 Samuel 30:8 1 Samuel 30:18 · 1 Samuel 23:2 · Proverbs 3:5–6 · 2 Samuel 5:19 · Psalm 91:15 · 2 Samuel 5:23 · Judges 20:23 · 1 Samuel 23:4 · Psalm 50:15 · 1 Samuel 23:10–12 · Numbers 27:21 · 1 Samuel 28:6

Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.

Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.