Joshua

Joshua 10:11–14

¹¹As they fled before Israel along the descent from Beth-horon to Azekah, the LORD cast down on them large hailstones from the sky, and more of them were killed by the hailstones than by the swords of the Israelites.

¹²On the day that the LORD gave the Amorites over to the Israelites, Joshua spoke to the LORD in the presence of Israel:

“O sun, stand still over Gibeon,

O moon, over the Valley of Aijalon.”^b

¹³So the sun stood still

and the moon stopped

until the nation took vengeance

upon its enemies.^c

Is this not written in the Book of Jashar?^d

“So the sun stopped

in the middle of the sky

and delayed going down

about a full day.”^e

¹⁴There has been no day like it before or since, when the LORD listened to the voice of a man, because the LORD fought for Israel.

Footnotes

b 10:12 See Jasher 88:63.
c 10:13 Or triumphed over its enemies
d 10:13 Or the Book of the Upright One, commonly cited as Jasher
e 10:13 See Jasher 88:64.

Read all of Joshua 10

Word by word

Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.

Joshua 10:11

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
As they fled	בְּנֻסָ֣ם׀	bə·nu·sām	Preposition-b; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct; third person masculine plural	H5127 flee, escape
before	מִפְּנֵ֣י	mip·pə·nê	Preposition-m; Noun - common plural construct	H6440 face, before
Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל	yiś·rā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel
along the descent	בְּמוֹרַ֤ד	bə·mō·w·raḏ	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct	H4174 descent, slope
from Beth-horon	חוֹרֹן֙	ḥō·w·rōn	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H1032 Beth-Choron
to	עַד־	‘aḏ-	Preposition	H5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while
Azekah	עֲזֵקָ֖ה	‘ă·zê·qāh	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H5825 Azekah
the LORD	וַֽיהוָ֡ה	Yah·weh	Conjunctive waw; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
cast down	הִשְׁלִ֣יךְ	hiš·lîḵ	Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H7993 throw, fling, cast
on them	עֲלֵיהֶם֩	‘ă·lê·hem	Preposition; third person masculine plural	H5921 height
large	גְּדֹל֧וֹת	gə·ḏō·lō·wṯ	Adjective - feminine plural	H1419 great
hailstones	אֲבָנִ֨ים	’ă·ḇā·nîm	Noun - feminine plural	H68 stone
from	מִן־	min-	Preposition	H4480 out of, from, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not
the sky	הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם	haš·šā·ma·yim	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H8064 sky, aloft
and more	רַבִּ֗ים	rab·bîm	Adjective - masculine plural	H7227 much, many, great
of them	אֲשֶׁר־	’ă·šer-	Pronoun - relative	H834 particle of relation
were killed	מֵ֙תוּ֙	mê·ṯū	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural	H4191 die
by	בְּאַבְנֵ֣י	bə·’aḇ·nê	Preposition-b; Noun - feminine plural construct	H68 stone
the hailstones	הַבָּרָ֔ד	hab·bā·rāḏ	Article; Noun - masculine singular	H1259 hail
than	מֵאֲשֶׁ֥ר	mê·’ă·šer	Preposition-m; Pronoun - relative	H834 particle of relation
by the swords	בֶּחָֽרֶב׃ס	be·ḥā·reḇ	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - feminine singular	H2719 sword
of the Israelites	יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	yiś·rā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel

Joshua 10:12

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
On the day	בְּי֗וֹם	bə·yō·wm	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular	H3117 day
the LORD	לַֽיהוָ֔ה	Yah·weh	Preposition-l; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
gave the Amorites	הָ֣אֱמֹרִ֔י	hā·’ĕ·mō·rî	Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H567 Amorites
over	תֵּ֤ת	têṯ	Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H5414 give, put, set
to	לִפְנֵ֖י	lip̄·nê	Preposition-l; Noun - common plural construct	H6440 face, before
the Israelites	בְּנֵ֣י	bə·nê	Noun - masculine plural construct	H1121 son
Joshua	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ֙	yə·hō·wō·šu·a‘	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3091 Jehoshua
spoke	יְדַבֵּ֤ר	yə·ḏab·bêr	Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1696 speak
to the LORD	יְהוָה֙	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
in the presence	לְעֵינֵ֣י	lə·‘ê·nê	Preposition-l; Noun - cdc	H5869 eye
of Israel	יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל	yiś·rā·’êl	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel
O sun	שֶׁ֚מֶשׁ	meš	Noun - common singular	H8121 sun
stand still	דּ֔וֹם	dō·wm	Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular	H1826 be or grow dumb, silent, still
over Gibeon	בְּגִבְע֣וֹן	bə·ḡiḇ·‘ō·wn	Preposition-b; Noun - proper - feminine singular	H1391 Gibon
O moon	וְיָרֵ֖חַ	wə·yā·rê·aḥ	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H3394 moon
over the Valley	בְּעֵ֥מֶק	bə·‘ê·meq	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct	H6010 vale
of Aijalon	אַיָּלֽוֹן׃	’ay·yā·lō·wn	Noun - proper - feminine singular	H357 Aijalon

Joshua 10:13

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
So the sun	הַשֶּׁ֜מֶשׁ	haš·še·meš	Article; Noun - common singular	H8121 sun
stood still	וַיִּדֹּ֨ם	way·yid·dōm	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H1826 be or grow dumb, silent, still
and the moon	וְיָרֵ֣חַ	wə·yā·rê·aḥ	Conjunctive waw; Noun - masculine singular	H3394 moon
stopped	עָמָ֗ד	‘ā·māḏ	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H5975 take one's stand, stand
until	עַד־	‘aḏ-	Preposition	H5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while
the nation	גּוֹי֙	gō·w	Noun - masculine singular	H1471 nation, people
took vengeance	יִקֹּ֥ם	yiq·qōm	Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5358 avenge, take vengeance
upon its enemies	אֹֽיְבָ֔יו	’ō·yə·ḇāw	Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singular	H341 be hostile to
Is this	הִ֥יא	hî	Pronoun - third person feminine singular	H1931 he, she
not	הֲלֹא־	hă·lō-	Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
written	כְתוּבָ֖ה	ḵə·ṯū·ḇāh	Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - feminine singular	H3789 write
in	עַל־	‘al-	Preposition	H5921 height
the Book	סֵ֣פֶר	sê·p̄er	Noun - masculine singular construct	H5612 missive, document, writing, book
of Jashar	הַיָּשָׁ֑ר	hay·yā·šār	Article; Adjective - masculine singular	H3477 straight, right
So the sun	הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙	haš·še·meš	Article; Noun - common singular	H8121 sun
stopped	וַיַּעֲמֹ֤ד	way·ya·‘ă·mōḏ	Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular	H5975 take one's stand, stand
in the middle	בַּחֲצִ֣י	ba·ḥă·ṣî	Preposition-b, Article; Noun - masculine singular construct	H2677 half
of the sky	הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם	haš·šā·ma·yim	Article; Noun - masculine plural	H8064 sky, aloft
and delayed	וְלֹא־	wə·lō-	Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
going down	לָב֖וֹא	lā·ḇō·w	Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H935 come in, come, go in, go
about a full	תָּמִֽים׃	tā·mîm	Adjective - masculine singular	H8549 complete, sound
day	כְּי֥וֹם	kə·yō·wm	Preposition-k; Noun - masculine singular	H3117 day

Joshua 10:14

English	Hebrew	Sounds like	Grammar	Word study
There has been	הָיָ֜ה	hā·yāh	Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular	H1961 fall out, come to pass, become, be
no	וְלֹ֨א	wə·lō	Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle	H3808 not
day	כַּיּ֤וֹם	kay·yō·wm	Preposition-k, Article; Noun - masculine singular	H3117 day
like it before	לְפָנָ֣יו	lə·p̄ā·nāw	Preposition-l; Noun - common plural construct; third person masculine singular	H6440 face, before
or since	וְאַחֲרָ֔יו	wə·’a·ḥă·rāw	Conjunctive waw; Preposition; third person masculine singular	H310 behind
when the LORD	יְהוָ֖ה	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
listened	לִשְׁמֹ֥עַ	liš·mō·a‘	Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct	H8085 hear
to the voice	בְּק֣וֹל	bə·qō·wl	Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct	H6963 sound, voice
of a man	אִ֑ישׁ	’îš	Noun - masculine singular	H376 man
because	כִּ֣י	kî	Conjunction	H3588 burning, branding
the LORD	יְהוָ֔ה	Yah·weh	Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3068 Yahweh
fought	נִלְחָ֖ם	nil·ḥām	Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singular	H3898 fight, do battle
for Israel	לְיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃פ	lə·yiś·rā·’êl	Preposition-l; Noun - proper - masculine singular	H3478 Israel