Numbers
Numbers 21:23–30
23But Sihon would not let Israel pass through his territory. Instead, he gathered his whole army and went out to confront Israel in the wilderness. When he came to Jahaz,f he fought against Israel. 24And Israel put him to the sword and took possession of his land, from the Arnon to the Jabbok — but only up to the border of the Ammonites, because it was fortified.g
25Israel captured all the cities of the Amorites and occupied them, including Heshbon and all its villages. 26Heshbon was the city of Sihon king of the Amorites, who had fought against the former king of Moab and taken all his land as far as the Arnon. 27That is why the poets say:
“Come to Heshbon, let it be rebuilt;
let the city of Sihon be restored.
28For a fire went out from Heshbon,
a blaze from the city of Sihon.
It consumed Ar of Moab,
the rulers of Arnon’s heights.
29Woe to you, O Moab!
You are destroyed, O people of Chemosh!
He gave up his sons as refugees,
and his daughters into captivity
to Sihon king of the Amorites.
30But we have overthrown them;
Heshbon is destroyed as far as Dibon.
We demolished them as far as Nophah,
which reaches to Medeba.h”
Footnotes
Word by word
Each English word or phrase beside the Hebrew it translates, in the order of the English. Choose a number to open that word’s study.
Numbers 21:23
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| But Sihon | סִיחֹ֣ן | sî·ḥōn | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H5511 Sihon |
| would not | וְלֹא־ | wə·lō- | Conjunctive waw; Adverb - Negative particle | H3808 not |
| let | נָתַ֨ן | nā·ṯan | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H5414 give, put, set |
| Israel | יִשְׂרָאֵל֮ | yiś·rā·’êl | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H3478 Israel |
| pass | עֲבֹ֣ר | ‘ă·ḇōr | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | H5674 pass over, through, by, pass on |
| through his territory | בִּגְבֻלוֹ֒ | biḡ·ḇu·lōw | Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H1366 border, boundary, territory |
| Instead | סִיחֹ֜ן | sî·ḥōn | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H5511 Sihon |
| he | סִיחֹ֜ן | sî·ḥōn | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H5511 Sihon |
| gathered | וַיֶּאֱסֹ֨ף | way·ye·’ĕ·sōp̄ | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | H622 gather, remove |
| his whole | כָּל־ | kāl- | Noun - masculine singular construct | H3605 the whole, all |
| army | עַמּ֗וֹ | ‘am·mōw | Noun - masculine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H5971 people |
| and went out | וַיֵּצֵ֞א | way·yê·ṣê | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | H3318 go or come out |
| to confront | לִקְרַ֤את | liq·raṯ | Preposition-l; Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | H7122 encounter, befall |
| Israel | יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ | yiś·rā·’êl | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H3478 Israel |
| in the wilderness | הַמִּדְבָּ֔רָה | ham·miḏ·bā·rāh | Article; Noun - masculine singular; third person feminine singular | H4057 mouth |
| When he came | וַיָּבֹ֖א | way·yā·ḇō | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | H935 come in, come, go in, go |
| to Jahaz | יָ֑הְצָה | yā·hə·ṣāh | Noun - proper - feminine singular; third person feminine singular | H3096 Jahats, Jahtsah |
| he fought | וַיִּלָּ֖חֶם | way·yil·lā·ḥem | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | H3898 fight, do battle |
| against Israel | בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ | bə·yiś·rā·’êl | Preposition-b; Noun - proper - masculine singular | H3478 Israel |
Numbers 21:24
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| And Israel | יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל | yiś·rā·’êl | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H3478 Israel |
| put him | וַיַּכֵּ֥הוּ | way·yak·kê·hū | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular; third person masculine singular | H5221 smite |
| to the sword | חָ֑רֶב | ḥā·reḇ | Noun - feminine singular | H2719 sword |
| and took possession of | וַיִּירַ֨שׁ | way·yî·raš | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | H3423 take possession of, inherit, dispossess |
| his land | אַרְצ֜וֹ | ’ar·ṣōw | Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H776 earth, land |
| from the Arnon | מֵֽאַרְנֹ֗ן | mê·’ar·nōn | Preposition-m; Noun - proper - feminine singular | H769 Arnon |
| to | עַד־ | ‘aḏ- | Preposition | H5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while |
| the Jabbok | יַבֹּק֙ | yab·bōq | Noun - proper - feminine singular | H2999 Jabbok |
| but only up to | עַד־ | ‘aḏ- | Preposition | H5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while |
| the border | גְּב֖וּל | gə·ḇūl | Noun - masculine singular construct | H1366 border, boundary, territory |
| of the Ammonites | בְּנֵ֣י | bə·nê | Noun - masculine plural construct | H1121 son |
| because | כִּ֣י | kî | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| it was fortified | עַ֔ז | ‘az | Adjective - masculine singular | H5794 strong, mighty, fierce |
Numbers 21:25
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Israel | יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל | yiś·rā·’êl | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H3478 Israel |
| captured | וַיִּקַּח֙ | way·yiq·qaḥ | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | H3947 take |
| all | כָּל־ | kāl- | Noun - masculine singular construct | H3605 the whole, all |
| the cities | הֶעָרִ֖ים | he·‘ā·rîm | Article; Noun - feminine plural | H5892 excitement |
| of the Amorites | הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י | hā·’ĕ·mō·rî | Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular | H567 Amorites |
| and occupied | וַיֵּ֤שֶׁב | way·yê·šeḇ | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | H3427 sit, remain, dwell |
| including Heshbon | בְּחֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן | bə·ḥeš·bō·wn | Preposition-b; Noun - proper - feminine singular | H2809 Cheshbon |
| and all | וּבְכָל־ | ū·ḇə·ḵāl | Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct | H3605 the whole, all |
| its villages | בְּנֹתֶֽיהָ׃ | bə·nō·ṯe·hā | Noun - feminine plural construct; third person feminine singular | H1323 daughter |
Numbers 21:26
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heshbon | חֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן | ḥeš·bō·wn | Noun - proper - feminine singular | H2809 Cheshbon |
| was the city | עִ֗יר | ‘îr | Noun - feminine singular construct | H5892 excitement |
| of Sihon | סִיחֹ֛ן | sî·ḥōn | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H5511 Sihon |
| king | מֶ֥לֶךְ | me·leḵ | Noun - masculine singular construct | H4428 king |
| of the Amorites | הָאֱמֹרִ֖י | hā·’ĕ·mō·rî | Article; Noun - proper - masculine singular | H567 Amorites |
| who | הִ֑וא | hî | Pronoun - third person feminine singular | H1931 he, she |
| had fought | נִלְחַ֗ם | nil·ḥam | Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H3898 fight, do battle |
| against the former | הָֽרִאשׁ֔וֹן | hā·ri·šō·wn | Article; Adjective - masculine singular | H7223 former, first, chief |
| king | בְּמֶ֤לֶךְ | bə·me·leḵ | Preposition-b; Noun - masculine singular construct | H4428 king |
| of Moab | מוֹאָב֙ | mō·w·’āḇ | Noun - proper - feminine singular | H4124 Moab |
| and taken | וַיִּקַּ֧ח | way·yiq·qaḥ | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | H3947 take |
| all | כָּל־ | kāl- | Noun - masculine singular construct | H3605 the whole, all |
| his land | אַרְצ֛וֹ | ’ar·ṣōw | Noun - feminine singular construct; third person masculine singular | H776 earth, land |
| as | עַד־ | ‘aḏ- | Preposition | H5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while |
| far as the Arnon | אַרְנֹֽן׃ | ’ar·nōn | Noun - proper - feminine singular | H769 Arnon |
Numbers 21:27
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| That is why | עַל־ | ‘al- | Preposition | H5921 height |
| the poets | הַמֹּשְׁלִ֖ים | ham·mō·šə·lîm | Article; Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural | H4911 represent, be like |
| say | יֹאמְר֥וּ | yō·mə·rū | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural | H559 utter, say |
| Come | בֹּ֣אוּ | bō·’ū | Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural | H935 come in, come, go in, go |
| to Heshbon | חֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן | ḥeš·bō·wn | Noun - proper - feminine singular | H2809 Cheshbon |
| let it be rebuilt | תִּבָּנֶ֥ה | tib·bā·neh | Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular | H1129 build |
| let the city | עִ֥יר | ‘îr | Noun - feminine singular construct | H5892 excitement |
| of Sihon | סִיחֽוֹן׃ | sî·ḥō·wn | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H5511 Sihon |
| be restored | וְתִכּוֹנֵ֖ן | wə·ṯik·kō·w·nên | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hitpael - Conjunctive imperfect - third person feminine singular | H3559 be firm |
Numbers 21:28
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| For | כִּי־ | kî- | Conjunction | H3588 burning, branding |
| a fire | אֵשׁ֙ | ’êš | Noun - common singular | H784 fire |
| went out | יָֽצְאָ֣ה | yā·ṣə·’āh | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular | H3318 go or come out |
| from Heshbon | מֵֽחֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן | mê·ḥeš·bō·wn | Preposition-m; Noun - proper - feminine singular | H2809 Cheshbon |
| a blaze | לֶהָבָ֖ה | le·hā·ḇāh | Noun - feminine singular | H3852 id. |
| from the city | מִקִּרְיַ֣ת | miq·qir·yaṯ | Preposition-m; Noun - feminine singular construct | H7151 town, city |
| of Sihon | סִיחֹ֑ן | sî·ḥōn | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H5511 Sihon |
| It consumed | אָֽכְלָה֙ | ’ā·ḵə·lāh | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular | H398 eat |
| Ar | עָ֣ר | ‘ār | Noun - proper - feminine singular | H6144 Ar |
| of Moab | מוֹאָ֔ב | mō·w·’āḇ | Noun - proper - feminine singular | H4124 Moab |
| the rulers | בַּעֲלֵ֖י | ba·‘ă·lê | Noun - masculine plural construct | H1167 owner, lord |
| of Arnon’s | אַרְנֹֽן׃ | ’ar·nōn | Noun - proper - feminine singular | H769 Arnon |
| heights | בָּמ֥וֹת | bā·mō·wṯ | Noun - feminine plural construct | H1116 high place |
Numbers 21:29
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Woe | אוֹי־ | ’ō·w- | Interjection | H188 woe! |
| to you | לְךָ֣ | lə·ḵā | Preposition; second person masculine singular | |
| O Moab | מוֹאָ֔ב | mō·w·’āḇ | Noun - proper - feminine singular | H4124 Moab |
| You are destroyed | אָבַ֖דְתָּ | ’ā·ḇaḏ·tā | Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular | H6 perish |
| O people | עַם־ | ‘am- | Noun - masculine singular construct | H5971 people |
| of Chemosh | כְּמ֑וֹשׁ | kə·mō·wōš | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H3645 Chemosh |
| He gave up | נָתַ֨ן | nā·ṯan | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H5414 give, put, set |
| his sons | בָּנָ֤יו | bā·nāw | Noun - masculine plural construct; third person masculine singular | H1121 son |
| as refugees | פְּלֵיטִם֙ | pə·lê·ṭim | Noun - masculine plural | H6412 escaped one, fugitive |
| and his daughters | וּבְנֹתָ֣יו | ū·ḇə·nō·ṯāw | Conjunctive waw; Noun - feminine plural construct; third person masculine singular | H1323 daughter |
| into captivity | בַּשְּׁבִ֔ית | baš·šə·ḇîṯ | Preposition-b, Article; Noun - feminine singular | H7622 exile, prisoners, former state of prosperity |
| to Sihon | סִיחֽוֹן׃ | sî·ḥō·wn | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H5511 Sihon |
| king | לְמֶ֥לֶךְ | lə·me·leḵ | Preposition-l; Noun - masculine singular construct | H4428 king |
| of the Amorites | אֱמֹרִ֖י | ’ĕ·mō·rî | Noun - proper - masculine singular | H567 Amorites |
Numbers 21:30
| English | Hebrew | Sounds like | Grammar | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| But we have overthrown them | וַנִּירָ֛ם | wan·nî·rām | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common plural; third person masculine plural | H3384 throw, shoot |
| Heshbon | חֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן | ḥeš·bō·wn | Noun - proper - feminine singular | H2809 Cheshbon |
| is destroyed | אָבַ֥ד | ’ā·ḇaḏ | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular | H6 perish |
| as far as | עַד־ | ‘aḏ- | Preposition | H5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while |
| Dibon | דִּיב֑וֹן | dî·ḇō·wn | Noun - proper - feminine singular | H1769 Dibon |
| We demolished them | וַנַּשִּׁ֣ים | wan·naš·šîm | Conjunctive waw; Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - first person common plural | H8074 be desoleted, appalled |
| as | עַד־ | ‘aḏ- | Preposition | H5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while |
| far as Nophah | נֹ֔פַח | nō·p̄aḥ | Noun - proper - feminine singular | H5302 Nophach |
| which | אֲשֶׁ֖רׄ | ʾă·šɛr | Pronoun - relative | H834 particle of relation |
| reaches to | עַד־ | ‘aḏ- | Preposition | H5704 as far as, even to, up to, until, while |
| Medeba | מֵֽידְבָֽא׃ | mê·ḏə·ḇā | Noun - proper - feminine singular | H4311 Medeba |
Cross-references
Other passages that speak to the same thing. Point at one to read it.
Numbers 21:23 Judges 11:20 · Deuteronomy 29:7–8
Numbers 21:24 Amos 2:9 · Psalm 136:19 · Joshua 24:8 · Nehemiah 9:22 · Genesis 32:22
Numbers 21:28 Numbers 21:15 · Jeremiah 48:45–46
Numbers 21:29 2 Kings 23:13 · Judges 11:24 · Jeremiah 48:46 · Jeremiah 48:7 · 1 Kings 11:7 · 1 Kings 11:33
Numbers 21:30 Isaiah 15:2 · Jeremiah 48:18 · Jeremiah 48:22 · Joshua 13:17 · Numbers 32:3 · Numbers 32:34
Cross-references from OpenBible.info, used under CC BY 4.0. The best-supported references for each verse are shown.
Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.