Topic

Hell

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Our answers on Hell

What is purgatory? Is purgatory in the Bible?

Purgatory is usually described as a temporary after-death cleansing for those ultimately headed to heaven, but Scripture does not teach purgatory as a real destination; it points us to Jesus’ finished sacrifice and a coming judgment.

  • Romans 5:1 Therefore, since we have been justified through faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ,
  • Hebrews 9:27 Just as man is appointed to die once, and after that to face judgment,
  • Hebrews 10:10–14 And by that will, we have been sanctified through the sacrifice of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. Day after day every priest stands to minister and to offer again and again the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins. But when this Priest had…

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What does the Bible say about hell—eternal punishment, annihilation, or something else?

The Bible clearly teaches hell is real, just, and final, but faithful Christians debate whether the lost experience ongoing conscious punishment or ultimate destruction after judgment; either way, Jesus calls us to repent and trust him now.

  • Matthew 25:31–46 When the Son of Man comes in His glory, and all the angels with Him, He will sit on His glorious throne. All the nations will be gathered before Him, and He will separate the people one from another, as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. He will p…
  • 2 Thessalonians 1:8–9 in blazing fire, inflicting vengeance on those who do not know God and do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus. They will suffer the penalty of eternal destruction, separated from the presence of the Lord and the glory of His might,
  • Revelation 20:11–15 Then I saw a great white throne and the One seated on it. Earth and heaven fled from His presence, and no place was found for them. And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne. And books were opened, and one of them was the Book of Life. A…

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What is hell like according to the Bible?

Hell is the Bible’s name for God’s just judgment on unrepentant sin—described as separation, ruin, and terrifying punishment—so we urgently need Jesus.

  • Matthew 25:31–46 When the Son of Man comes in His glory, and all the angels with Him, He will sit on His glorious throne. All the nations will be gathered before Him, and He will separate the people one from another, as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. He will p…
  • 2 Thessalonians 1:8–9 in blazing fire, inflicting vengeance on those who do not know God and do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus. They will suffer the penalty of eternal destruction, separated from the presence of the Lord and the glory of His might,
  • Revelation 20:10–15 And the devil who had deceived them was thrown into the lake of fire and sulfur, into which the beast and the false prophet had already been thrown. There they will be tormented day and night forever and ever. Then I saw a great white throne and the One seate…

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What is heaven like according to the Bible?

The Bible describes heaven as being with the Lord in perfect joy and holiness, leading to the final hope of resurrection life in God’s renewed creation.

  • John 14:1–6 “Do not let your hearts be troubled. You believe in God; believe in Me as well. In My Father’s house are many rooms. If it were not so, would I have told you that I am going there to prepare a place for you? And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will com…
  • 1 Corinthians 15:42–54 So will it be with the resurrection of the dead: What is sown is perishable; it is raised imperishable. It is sown in dishonor; it is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness; it is raised in power. It is sown a natural body; it is raised a spiritual body. If…
  • Revelation 21:1–4 Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth, for the first heaven and earth had passed away, and the sea was no more. I saw the holy city, the new Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband. And I heard a loud voice…

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More passages on this topic

From Nave’s Topical Bible (1896), a historical reference index. The groupings are Nave’s; the verses are shown in the text used across this site.

(In the A. V. this word occurs in O. T. Scriptures, cited below, and is the translation of the Hebrew word "sheol," which signifies the unseen state)

In the R. V. of O. T. it appears only in

  • Isaiah 5:14 Therefore Sheol enlarges its throat and opens wide its enormous jaws, and down go Zion’s nobles and masses, her revelers and carousers!
  • Isaiah 14:9 Sheol beneath is eager to meet you upon your arrival. It stirs the spirits of the dead to greet you— all the rulers of the earth. It makes all the kings of the nations rise from their thrones.
  • Isaiah 14:15 But you will be brought down to Sheol, to the lowest depths of the Pit.
  • Isaiah 28:15 For you said, “We have made a covenant with death; we have fashioned an agreement with Sheol. When the overwhelming scourge passes through it will not touch us, because we have made lies our refuge and falsehood our hiding place.”
  • Isaiah 28:18 Your covenant with death will be dissolved, and your agreement with Sheol will not stand. When the overwhelming scourge passes through, you will be trampled by it.
  • Isaiah 57:9 You went to Molech with oil and multiplied your perfumes. You have sent your envoys a great distance; you have descended even to Sheol itself.
  • Ezekiel 31:16–17 I made the nations quake at the sound of its downfall, when I cast it down to Sheol with those who descend to the Pit. Then all the trees of Eden, the choicest and best of Lebanon, all the well-watered trees, were consoled in the earth below. They too descended with it to Sheol, to those slain by t…
  • Ezekiel 32:21 Mighty chiefs will speak from the midst of Sheol about Egypt and her allies: ‘They have come down and lie with the uncircumcised, with those slain by the sword.’
  • Ezekiel 32:27 They do not lie down with the fallen warriors of old, who went down to Sheol with their weapons of war, whose swords were placed under their heads, whose shields rested on their bones, although the terror of the mighty was once in the land of the living.
  • Amos 9:2 Though they dig down to Sheol, from there My hand will take them; and though they climb up to heaven, from there I will pull them down.
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Jonah 2:2 Habakkuk 2:5

In the R. V., "sheol" is translated "lowest pit"

  • Deuteronomy 32:22 For a fire has been kindled by My anger, and it burns to the depths of Sheol; it consumes the earth and its produce, and scorches the foundations of the mountains.
  • Psalm 86:13 For great is Your loving devotion to me; You have delivered me from the depths of Sheol.

And it is translated "pit" in

  • Psalm 55:15 Let death seize them by surprise; let them go down to Sheol alive, for evil is with them in their homes.

In the R. V. the word "Sheol" itself occurs in the following scriptures

  • 2 Samuel 22:6 The cords of Sheol entangled me; the snares of death confronted me.
  • Job 11:8 They are higher than the heavens— what can you do? They are deeper than Sheol— what can you know?
  • Job 26:6 Sheol is naked before God, and Abaddon has no covering.
  • Psalm 9:17 The wicked will return to Sheol— all the nations who forget God.
  • Psalm 16:10 For You will not abandon my soul to Sheol, nor will You let Your Holy One see decay.
  • Psalm 18:5 The cords of Sheol entangled me; the snares of death confronted me.
  • Psalm 116:3 The ropes of death entangled me; the anguish of Sheol overcame me; I was confronted by trouble and sorrow.
  • Psalm 139:8 If I ascend to the heavens, You are there; if I make my bed in Sheol, You are there.
  • Proverbs 5:5 Her feet go down to death; her steps lead straight to Sheol.
  • Proverbs 7:27 Her house is the road to Sheol, descending to the chambers of death.
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Proverbs 9:18 Proverbs 15:11 Proverbs 15:24 Proverbs 23:14 Proverbs 27:20

Sheol is translated "grave" in A. V. in

  • Genesis 37:35 All his sons and daughters tried to comfort him, but he refused to be comforted. “No, ” he said. “I will go down to Sheol mourning for my son.” So his father wept for him.
  • Genesis 42:38 But Jacob replied, “My son will not go down there with you, for his brother is dead, and he alone is left. If any harm comes to him on your journey, you will bring my gray hair down to Sheol in sorrow.”
  • Genesis 44:29 Now if you also take this one from me and harm comes to him, you will bring my gray hair down to Sheol in sorrow.’
  • Genesis 44:31 sees that the boy is not with us, he will die. Then your servants will have brought the gray hair of your servant our father down to Sheol in sorrow.
  • 1 Samuel 2:6 The LORD brings death and gives life; He brings down to Sheol and raises up.
  • 1 Kings 2:6 So act according to your wisdom, and do not let his gray head go down to Sheol in peace.
  • 1 Kings 9 Now when Solomon had finished building the house of the LORD and the royal palace, and had achieved all that he had desired to do, the LORD appeared to him a second time, as He had appeared to him at Gibeon. And the LORD said to him: “I have heard your prayer and petition before Me. I have consecra… (whole chapter)
  • Job 7:9 As a cloud vanishes and is gone, so he who goes down to Sheol does not come back up.
  • Job 14:13 If only You would hide me in Sheol and conceal me until Your anger has passed! If only You would appoint a time for me and then remember me!
  • Job 17:13 If I look for Sheol as my home, if I spread out my bed in darkness,
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Job 21:13 Job 24:19 Psalm 6:5 Psalm 30:3 Psalm 31:17 Psalm 49:14–15 Psalm 88:3 Psalm 89:48 Psalm 141:7 Proverbs 1:12 Proverbs 30:16 Ecclesiastes 9:10 Ecclesiastes 8:6 Hosea 13:14

In the R. V. the Greek word "gehenna" is translated "hell" in the following scriptures

  • Matthew 5:22 But I tell you that anyone who is angry with his brother will be subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to his brother, ‘Raca,’ will be subject to the Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, ‘You fool!’ will be subject to the fire of hell.
  • Matthew 5:29–30 If your right eye causes you to sin, gouge it out and throw it away. It is better for you to lose one part of your body than for your whole body to be thrown into hell. And if your right hand causes you to sin, cut it off and throw it away. It is better for you to lose one part of your body than fo…
  • Matthew 10:28 Do not be afraid of those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Instead, fear the One who can destroy both soul and body in hell.
  • Matthew 18:9 And if your eye causes you to sin, gouge it out and throw it away. It is better for you to enter life with one eye than to have two eyes and be thrown into the fire of hell.
  • Matthew 23:15 Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You traverse land and sea to win a single convert, and when he becomes one, you make him twice as much a son of hell as you are.
  • Matthew 23:33 You snakes! You brood of vipers! How will you escape the sentence of hell?
  • Mark 9:43 If your hand causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life crippled than to have two hands and go into hell, into the unquenchable fire.
  • Mark 9:45 If your foot causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life lame than to have two feet and be thrown into hell.
  • Mark 9:47 And if your eye causes you to sin, pluck it out. It is better for you to enter the kingdom of God with one eye than to have two eyes and be thrown into hell,
  • Luke 12:5 But I will show you whom you should fear: Fear the One who, after you have been killed, has authority to throw you into hell. Yes, I tell you, fear Him!
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James 3:6

The R. V. has introduced "Hades," the word found in the Greek text, which signifies the unseen world, in the following scriptures

  • Matthew 11:23 And you, Capernaum, will you be lifted up to heaven? No, you will be brought down to Hades! For if the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Sodom, it would have remained to this day.
  • Matthew 16:18 And I tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build My church, and the gates of Hades will not prevail against it.
  • Luke 10:15 And you, Capernaum, will you be lifted up to heaven? No, you will be brought down to Hades!
  • Luke 16:23 In Hades, where he was in torment, he looked up and saw Abraham from afar, with Lazarus by his side.
  • Acts 2:27 because You will not abandon my soul to Hades, nor will You let Your Holy One see decay.
  • Acts 2:31 Foreseeing this, David spoke about the resurrection of the Christ, that He was not abandoned to Hades, nor did His body see decay.
  • Revelation 1:18 the Living One. I was dead, and behold, now I am alive forever and ever! And I hold the keys of Death and of Hades.
  • Revelation 6:8 Then I looked and saw a pale green horse. Its rider’s name was Death, and Hades followed close behind. And they were given authority over a fourth of the earth, to kill by sword, by famine, by plague, and by the beasts of the earth.
  • Revelation 20:13–14 The sea gave up its dead, and Death and Hades gave up their dead, and each one was judged according to his deeds. Then Death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire. This is the second death — the lake of fire.

The Future Home of the Wicked

  • Psalm 9:17 The wicked will return to Sheol— all the nations who forget God.
  • Proverbs 5:5 Her feet go down to death; her steps lead straight to Sheol.
  • Proverbs 9:13 The woman named Folly is loud; she is naive and knows nothing.
  • Proverbs 9:15–18 calling out to those who pass by, who make their paths straight. “Whoever is simple, let him turn in here!” she says to him who lacks judgment. “Stolen water is sweet, and bread eaten in secret is tasty!” But they do not know that the dead are there, that her guests are in the depths of Sheol.
  • Proverbs 15:24 The path of life leads upward for the wise, that he may avoid going down to Sheol.
  • Proverbs 23:13–14 Do not withhold discipline from a child; although you strike him with a rod, he will not die. Strike him with a rod, and you will deliver his soul from Sheol.
  • Isaiah 30:33 For Topheth has long been prepared; it has been made ready for the king. Its funeral pyre is deep and wide, with plenty of fire and wood. The breath of the LORD, like a torrent of burning sulfur, sets it ablaze.
  • Isaiah 33:14 The sinners in Zion are afraid; trembling grips the ungodly: “Who of us can dwell with a consuming fire? Who of us can dwell with everlasting flames?”
  • Matthew 3:12 His winnowing fork is in His hand to clear His threshing floor and to gather His wheat into the barn; but He will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire.”
  • Matthew 5:29–30 If your right eye causes you to sin, gouge it out and throw it away. It is better for you to lose one part of your body than for your whole body to be thrown into hell. And if your right hand causes you to sin, cut it off and throw it away. It is better for you to lose one part of your body than fo…
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Matthew 7:13–14 Matthew 8:11–12 Matthew 10:28 Matthew 13:30 Matthew 13:38–42 Matthew 13:49–50 Matthew 16:18 Matthew 18:8–9 Matthew 18:34–35 Matthew 22:13 Matthew 25:28–30 Matthew 25:41 Matthew 25:46 Mark 9:43–48 Luke 3:17 Luke 16:23–26 Luke 16:28 Acts 1:25 2 Thessalonians 1:9 2 Peter 2:4 2 Peter 1:6–21 Revelation 2:11 Revelation 9:1–2 Revelation 11:7 Revelation 14:10–11 Revelation 19:20 Revelation 20:10 Revelation 20:15 Revelation 21:8

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Word study: the Hebrew and Greek words behind “hell” →

Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible.